Toropez

city Toropets Торопец coat of arms Federal district Central Russia Oblast Tver Rajon Toropez mayor Nikolai Avakumov First mention 1074 City since 1074 surface 22  km² population 13,015 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 592 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 180  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 48268 Post Code 172840, 172842 License Plate 69 OKATO 28 255 501 Geographical location Coordinates 56 ° 30 ′  N , 31 ° 38 ′  E Coordinates: 56 ° 30 ′ 0 ″  N , 31 ° 38 ′ 0 ″  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Tver Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Toropez ( Russian Торопец ) is a city in Tver Oblast ( Russia ) with 13,015 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The city is located in the western part of the Valdai Hills about 330 km west of the Oblasthauptstadt Tver on the right bank of the here Solomennoje Lake by flowing Toropa , a right tributary of the Daugava .

Toropez is the administrative center of the Rajons of the same name .

The city lies on the railway line Bologoje - Velikije Luki (- Belarusian border) opened in 1907 (route kilometers 236). The M9 Moscow – Velikiye Luki – Latvian border road (further via Rēzekne to Riga) runs through Staraya Toropa about 20 kilometers south of the city.

history

Toropez was first mentioned in the Chronicle of Hypatius for the year 1074 as the hometown of the monk of the Kiev - Pechersk Lavra and later Russian Orthodox Saint Isaac (Issaki) Pechorsky in the Principality of Smolensk . The name is derived from the Toropa River . The Russian root torop refers to the fast , hurried flow of the river, especially in the area where it flows into the Daugava.

In 1167 (or 1168) the place became the capital of an independent principality, which was, however, incorporated into the Novgorod Republic . Subjected to repeated attacks by troops of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since the 13th century , it was conquered by Algirdas in the middle of the 14th century .

In 1503 Toropez was recaptured from the Grand Duchy of Moscow and developed into one of the most important trade and handicraft centers on Russia's western border during the 16th and 17th centuries. In 1580 a battle took place here in the war between Poland and Lithuania against Russia. Another interruption in growth occurred when the city was destroyed by Polish troops in 1632–1634.

In 1708 the city came to the Ingermanland Gouvernement , in the extreme south of which it was located; In 1777 it became the administrative center of a district ( Ujesds ) of the Pskov governorate .

After the completion of the railway line in 1907, Toropez became a center of the timber trade.

Since 1935 the city has belonged to the Tver Oblast (then Kalinin ).

During the Second World War , Toropez was occupied by the German Wehrmacht on August 29, 1941 and recaptured on January 21, 1942 by troops of the Northwestern Front of the Red Army as part of the Toropez-Cholm operation .

Population development

year	Residents
1897	7,368
1926	9,700
1939	12,924
1959	15,154
1970	16,863
1979	17,261
1989	17,510
2002	14,600
2010	13,015

Note: census data (1926 rounded)

Culture and sights

A relatively large number of buildings from the 17th to early 19th centuries have been preserved in Toropez.

These include the complex of the Nebin Trinity Monastery ( Троицкий Небин монастырь / Troizki Nebin monastyr) from the 17th to 18th centuries, the Church of the Nativity of Christ ( Корсунско-Богородицкo-Богородицкий-Богородицкий-Богородицкий-Богородицкий - 180 Богородицкий / Богородицкий-Богородицкий-Богородицкий / Bogor4 the Church of the Apparition of the Lord ( Богоявленская церковь / Bogojawlenskaja zerkow) from 1751 to 1771, the Nikolai church ( Никольская церковь / Nikolskaja zerkow) from 1666, the Church of the Protection of the Virgin Mary ( Пркокакор Пркокар of 1766 , the Church of John the Baptist ( церковь Иоанна Предтечи / zerkow Ioanna Predtetschi) from 1703 to 1704, the Church of Our Lady of Kazan , or Kazan Church ( Казанская церковь / Kazanskaja zerkow) and others from 1698 to 1765 Many stone houses - otherwise wooden construction was often the norm in small Russian towns - date from the 18th and first half of the 19th century.

The city has a local museum.

Personalities

• Yevgenia Petrovna Antipowa (1917–2009), painter and art teacher
• Tikhon (1865–1925), Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church, born in Toropez

economy

In Toropez there are companies in the wood processing, textile, shoe and food industries.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

Web links

• Unofficial information portal (Russian, photos)
• Toropez on mojgorod.ru (Russian)