Electorate of Hanover Infantry Regiment No. 11-A

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Infantry Regiment 11-A "Dreves"

Hanov.IR11A Cheusses Dreves Goldacker, Raspe 1763.jpg
active 1702 to 1803 ( Artlenburg Convention )
Country Hanover Flag of Hanover (1692) .svg
Former locations Haarburg , Lueneburg
owner Adolph Friedrich von Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1702), Knöbel (1708), August Friedrich von Rhoeden (1717), Werner Friedrich von Spörcken (1741), Jakob Georg von Wrangel (1742), Wilhelm de Cheusses (1746), Karl Heinrich von Dreves -Ostenhagen (1757), Burchard Rudolph von Goldacker (1761), Jakob Johann Graf Traube (1783), Ludwig von Diepenbroick (1795), Ernst August von der Wense (1801)
motto IN DEO CONSERVATIO MEA
Tribe list List of the regiments of the Electorate of Brunswick and Lüneburg
Trunk number 1702/2 ( Ticino ) - LR XIA ( Bleckwenn ) - 1783 officially Infantry Regiment No. 11
Butcher Great Northern War , War of the Polish Succession , War of Austrian Succession , Seven Years War , Coalition Wars

Walsmühlen (1719), Klausen (1735), Krefeld (1758), battle near Gohfeld (1759), Langensalza (1761), Vellinghausen (1761), Wilhelmsthal (1762), Lutterberg (1762)

The Kurhannoversche Infantry Regiment IR 11-A (1702/2) , or from 1783 Infantry Regiment No. 11 , was an association of infantry of the Electorate of Hanover from 1702 to 1803.

Owner, amalgamation and naming

Coat of arms of those of Dreves-Ostenhagen

The establishment of the regiment happened in 1702 as "Regiment Prince Adolph Freiherr von Mecklenburg-Strelitz" for the Principality of Lüneburg by Adolph Friedrich von Mecklenburg-Strelitz , who died on May 12, 1708. In 1708 the regiment was taken over by Colonel Knöbel, and in 1717 by Colonel August Friedrich von Rhoeden, who died in May 1741 as a Lieutenant General . Colonel Werner Friedrich von Spörken followed on May 27, 1741, while General Rhoeden was still receiving a salary . In 1742 Lieutenant General Johann Georg von Wrangel took over, from his death in July 1746, Colonel Wilhelm de Cheusses until his retirement as Major General in February 1757. This was followed by Major General Carl Heinrich von Dreves-Ostenhagen until his dismissal in July 1761, and then from August 7th 1761 Colonel Burchard Rudolph von Goldacker. In 1768 the regiment with No. 11-B merged, in 1783 it became the 11th Infantry Regiment and the owner of the regiment was Jakob Johann Graf Taube , then from 1791 Ludwig von Diepenbroick . After being reorganized as the 10th Infantry Regiment , Colonel Ernst August von der Wense (from 1803 Major General) was head of the regiment from the end of November 1801 until it was dissolved in 1803.

Campaigns and skirmishes

Battle of Wahlsmühlen 1719. Copper engraving around 1740 on a sheet of text from Imhof's picture room

Great Northern War

  • Even before the death of the Swedish King Karl XII, at the end of the war an anti-Russian alliance was formed from the powers previously allied against Sweden. The regiment was part of the 12 battalions (13,000 men) of the Guelph contingent to carry out the imperial execution against the ruling Duke Karl Leopold of Mecklenburg , also at the instigation of Count Bernstorff . The Hanoverian invasion army was under the command of Lieutenant General von Bülow and was defeated in the battle of Walsmühlen on March 6, 1719 against the Mecklenburg-Russian troops under Major General von Schwerin . Schwerin's success was not significant in the long run, however, and an imperial commission soon took over the government of the Duchy of Mecklenburg.

War of the Polish Succession

  • In 1733 the regiment was part of an army of ten battalions that suppressed a revolt in Mecklenburg. 1734–1735 it was used with imperial troops on the Rhine border against France and took part in the battle near Klausen .

War of the Austrian Succession

  • In Flanders, in Hanau in 1743, on the Rhine around 1745, the regiment was part of the Braunschweig-Lüneburg auxiliary corps for the Queen of Hungary until 1748 .

Seven Years War

  • In 1757, during the French invasion of Hanover, the regiment camped in Nienburg / Weser and did not take part in the battle of Hastenbeck . At the end of the year, during the Allied counter-offensive in Hanover, the regiment was assigned to Major General Diepenbroick's corps, which advanced on Bremen.
Dreves Regiment
  • In March 1758, during the Allied winter offensive in West Germany, the regiment took part in the conquest of Minden. Then it was on May 26th with the main army under Duke Ferdinand of Braunschweig in the camp of Nottuln . On May 31, it accompanied Ferdinand on his offensive on the west bank of the Rhine. On June 23, the regiment took part in the Battle of Krefeld , where it was deployed on the right wing under the command of the Hereditary Prince of Braunschweig . At 1 a.m., the regiment followed the Hereditary Prince in his attack on a forest held by Saint Germain's division. Towards the end of the battle, the Hereditary Prince and the Hessian General Eitel from and to Gilsa gathered the battalion with other Allied infantry units and advanced into a plain. Here they were exposed to an attack by 4 squadrons of the regiment Carabiniers royaux de Monsieur le comte de Provence . At the head of the carabiniers rode their regimental commander, Comte de Gisors , Louis-Marie Fouquet de Belle-Isle. The Hanoverian battalions let the Carabiniers ride up to 20 paces before they fired a volley that instantly mowed down most of the first cavalry line and the Comte de Gisors himself. A single French squadron could break through, but the third infantry could destroy them. In the course of the battle, the Dreves Regiment lost more than 200 men dead (including Kapitänleutnant Wilding and Leutnant von Scheiter) or wounded (including Lieutenant von Goeben). Soon after, despite these heavy losses, the regiment was involved in the conquest of Roermond in Gelderland , which was still occupied by the French . In the attack on the defenders (1 battalion of the La Marche infantry regiment , 2 battalions of militia , the Volontaires de Hainaut and some Austrian battalions) under the command of Governor Boccard and an Austrian Colonel Müller, on June 27, 1758, the Allied side took two squadrons Prussian Malachowski Hussars and some Hessian units each had 1 battalion of the Electorate of Hanover infantry regiments Post and Dreves . During the battle for the outworks of the city fortifications, the Dreves regiment first captured a French detachment. After two hours of bombardment, the Austro-French garrison was granted military honors to retreat to Liège . To secure the city, together with the captured rich magazines of the Prince leaving a garrison under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Gottlieb Christian von Ramdohr the regiment Dreves back, but deducted in the night of July 18 again and the rest of the army to Dülken marched has been.
  • In June 1759 the regiment was part of the Allied main army under the command of Duke Ferdinand von Braunschweig . In July it was involved in the occupation of Bremen . On July 28th it conquered the city of Osnabrück on its way back to the Hereditary Prince and took 300 prisoners. On August 1, the regiment was part of the left wing of the Corps of the Hereditary Prince, which attacked and defeated Brissac's French corps in the battle near Gohfeld . At the end of the year the regiment was assigned to a corps under Count von Bückeburg, which besieged and conquered the citadel of Marburg .
  • On July 10, 1760, the regiment was part of a column under Lieutenant General von Oheimb, which was sent by Duke Ferdinand of Braunschweig to support the Hereditary Prince, who was involved in a battle near Corbach. Oheimb's column arrived too late to take part. On September 19, the regiment under General Wangenheim took part in the battle near Löwenhagen .
  • On May 23, 1762, the regiment under Ferdinand von Braunschweig belonged to the main Allied army. On June 24th it fought in the battle of Wilhelmsthal , where it was part of the sixth column under General Spörcken. On July 23, it took part in the Battle of Lutterberg when the Allies surprised the Saxon contingent and forced them to retreat. After the successful attack, the regiment was part of the rearguard, which covered the retreat of the Allied army. In November it returned to Hanover, where it garrisoned in Lüneburg .

American War of Independence

  • In the course of the American War of Independence , the 2nd Battalion of the regiment, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel von Sydow, took part in the defense of the island of Menorca on the English side and had to surrender to the Spanish-French troops on February 4, 1782. In the subsequent treaties of Versailles of 1783 , Menorca came to Spain, while Gibraltar, successfully defended with the participation of other Hanoverian contingents, remained British.
Grenadier cap
uniform
Regimental flag
10th regiment, grenadier 1802

uniform

Musketeers wore a black tricorn hat with gold trim and a twig of oak leaves, three red pompoms and a black cockade. Grenadiers wore a grenadier cap with a medium yellow front and yellow decorations (crowned shield with a jumping horse in the blue order of the garter above a blue banner with the motto nec aspera terrent ), and underneath a red, yellow piped front flap with a grenade and trophies. The back comprised the red cap sack with a medium yellow bottom, everything decorated with yellow trim.

A red uniform skirt and paille-colored trousers were worn. The color of the badge on the cuffs and lap lapels was medium yellow, as was the vest (2 horizontally arranged pockets, each with 3 brass buttons) and the borders (each with 7 brass buttons and yellow piped button holes ). Under the borders 2 brass buttons and 2 yellow buttonholes. The uniform skirt had horizontal pockets with 2 brass buttons and 2 yellow buttonholes.

From 1801 until the dissolution in 1803, a red uniform with 8 white strands was worn on the front, which was fundamentally changed in keeping with the times. Grenadiers now wore a bearskin hat. In the course of the reorganization as the 10th Infantry Regiment , the color of the badges also changed from yellow to black.

See also

literature

  • Hans Bleckwenn : The Frederician uniforms 1753–1786 . Volume II: Infantry. Dortmund 1984, ISBN 3-88379-444-9 .
  • Joachim Niemeyer, Georg Ortenburg (ed.): The Hanoverian Army 1780–1803 - The “Gmunden Magnificent Work” Part II. Published on behalf of the German Society for Heereskunde e. V. and the KLIO. Publishing house Bernh. Vogel, Beckum 1981.
  • Friedrich von Wissel: History of the establishment of all the Chur-Braunschweig-Lüneburg troops, together with their flags, standards and kettledrum currencies ... by Friedrich von Wissel. At present, however, continued, improved and ... increased by Georg von Wissel . Royal Court printer Johann Dietrich Schultze, Celle 1786, p. 676 f., P. 868
  • E. von Schaumburg: The battle near Crefeld on June 23, 1758, in annals of the historical association for the Lower Rhine, in particular the old archdiocese of Cologne . tape 5 . Langen'sche Buchdruckerei, Cologne 1857, p. 158 f., 197 f . ( books.google.de ).
  • Joachim Niemeyer , Georg Ortenburg (ed.): The Chur-Braunschweig-Lüneburg Army in the Seven Years War. In: The “Gmunden magnificent work”. Beckum 1976.
  • Johann Gottlieb Ferdinand Ronnenberg: Illustration of the chur-Hanoverian army uniforms: a brief history of the churhannover. Troops . Hanover / Leipzig 1791. (Reprint: Schlüter, Hanover 1979)
  • L. von Sichart: history of the royal. hannov. Army 1756–1789 , Volume 3, 1870, Officers November 1757; P. 36.
  • Accurate presentation of all electors. Hanöverischen Army for the actual knowledge of the uniform of each regiment: In addition to the attached history, from which news is given of the foundation, the chiefs of the Staercke, and the most important deeds of each regiment. Raspe, Nuremberg 1763 ( uni-halle.de ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bernhard von Poten : The generals of the Royal Hanoverian Army and their regular troops. Pp. 284 and 288.
  2. ↑ Louis von Sichart, Volume 4 , p. 110
  3. ↑ cf. ADB entry Schwerin, Kurd Christoph Graf von
  4. ↑ Raspe (1763) p. 36 Regiment von Goldacker
  5. ↑ Claude-Louis Comte de Saint-Germain (1707–1778), French Lieutenant-General from 1757 to 60, not the Count of Saint Germain
  6. ↑ A close relative of Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet de Belle-Isle , who died on January 26, 1761 as the last male descendant of his house.
  7. ↑ Ingo Kroll: Combat calendar of the Allied Army 1757-1762 . Books on Demand, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7322-8113-8 , pp. 28 f . ( books.google.de ).
  8. ^ F. Wissel, on page 676
  9. ^ E. von Schaumburg: The battle near Crefeld on June 23, 1758, in the annals of the historical association for the Lower Rhine, in particular the old archdiocese of Cologne . tape 5 . Langen'sche Buchdruckerei, Cologne 1857, p. 158 f., 197 f . ( books.google.de ).
  10. ↑ private website kronoskaf.com to events in 1758
  11. ↑ L. von Sichart, Vol. 3 (1870), p. 77
  12. ↑ cf. Raspe (1763) Plate 38 ( uni-halle.de )
  13. ↑ Royal-Grossbrittannischer and Churfürstl.-Braunschweig-Lüneburgscher state calendar for the year 1803 (Berenbergsche Buchdruckerei, Lauenburg 1803) page 148. ( books.google.de )