Liebenau (Altenberg)

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Liebenau
City of Altenberg
Coat of arms of Liebenau
Coordinates: 50 ° 47 ′ 25 ″  N , 13 ° 50 ′ 50 ″  E
Height : 572  (530-625)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 179 km²
Residents : 424  (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 2 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1994
Incorporated into: Geising
Liebenau (Saxony)
Liebenau

Location of Liebenau in Saxony

View of Liebenau from the direction of Börnchen
View of Liebenau from the direction of Börnchen

Liebenau is a district of Altenberg in the Eastern Ore Mountains in Saxony with about 400 inhabitants.

geography

Town view around 1910

Liebenau is located about 45 km south of Dresden in the Eastern Ore Mountains . The towns of Waltersdorf, Breitenau, Fürstenwalde , Lauenstein , Bärenstein and Börnchen border the village . The place has a length of 3.5 km and is 530 m to 625 m above sea ​​level . Liebenau belongs to the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains and the city of Altenberg.

Settlement history of Liebenau and the surrounding area

The entire Ore Mountains were covered by a primeval forest until the late 11th and early 12th centuries, which formed a broad border strip between today's Saxony and Bohemia . The village of Oelsen is mentioned as the first settlement in the Osterzgebirge in 1169, when Duke Wladislaus of Bohemia donated a forest near the village of Oelsen to the Order of St. John. By 1200, individual village corridors had been cleared into the forest there, but most of the cohesive forest cover had not been touched.

The discovery of tin barley near Krupka changed the situation. On both sides of the forest, the kings of Bohemia and the margraves of Meissen began a battle for the possession of this area that lasted over three centuries.

In the Müglitztal were by the margrave Heinrich III. two vassals commissioned to found the castles Bärenstein and Lauenstein . Both were the starting point for the settlement of this area, in which the mining aspects were combined with the rural ones.

From Bärenstein from the village Bärenstein was created first, and also to the west of Müglitz John Bach and Falkenhain , east of Müglitz Börnchen and Waltersdorf. It is reported from Liebenau that the Wendish town of Lybnow existed with a chapel. The chapel belonged to the Deanery of Aussig (CZ) and thus to the Archdiocese of Prague . Because of the mines' need for wood, large strips of forest sank. Mining companies not only demanded wood, the miners also wanted to live and eat. Row villages were cleared at altitudes from 700 m to 900 m so that the miners from the neighboring pits and hammer mills could all have a house and, if possible, keep a cow or a couple of goats. This is how the villages Fürstenau , Fürstenwalde , Müglitz and the upper village of Liebenau came into being in the source area of ​​the Müglitz . The settlers were miners from the nearby hammer mills, the hammer Zschörmigen at the sheep bridge, the scratch hammer near Fürstenwalde and the hammer in Oelsengrund. The owners (landlords) of the large forest area also often changed. The work of these landlords as owners of the lower jurisdiction is still recognizable today by many place names and designations. On the gallows (the "Galgenberg" Liebenau) were places where in the execution of the higher judiciary ("neck judiciary") for the execution of judgments passed, were hung, beheaded, whacked or cut off hands.

The name Liebenau is related to the adjective “dear” and describes the settlement as a “pleasant, pleasant one in the floodplain”.

War events

Hussite Wars

Liebenau fell victim to attacks for many years during the Hussite Wars , for the first time on December 14, 1429. When the Bohemian King George of Podebrady died in 1471 , the consequences of the war made themselves felt: many villages and castles in the area were destroyed, trade and industry were paralyzed . In addition, the people suffered from high taxes and duties.

Thirty Years' War

In March 1620 the Thirty Years War reached the Liebenau area. Citizens and farmers hid their belongings in the church and kept their cattle in the church square. Liebenau was also looted, with eight people stabbed to death. The plague epidemic, which was also raging at the time, claimed many victims in the village. In 1633 alone 270 people died in Liebenau.

Seven Years War

When the Seven Years War began in 1756, many people again died of hunger and illness, especially in 1760 many people in Liebenau died of typhus .

Lauenstein and Liebenau

In 1515 the rule of Lauenstein and Liebenau came to Rudolf von Bünau in Tetschen in Bohemia. Lauenstein was owned by the Bünau family until 1821. At that time, Liebenau and other places in the area were dependent on Lauenstein, not only on its masters, but also on its citizens. “Lauenstein had the beer compulsion over Liebenau and also the malt compulsion. The Liebenauer was therefore not allowed to buy any other beer than the one brewed in Lauenstein, regardless of whether he tasted the same or not. He was not allowed to fetch any other surgeon than that of Lauenstein, and in Liebenau he was not allowed to slaughter any other butcher than those in Lauenstein. He was also not allowed to take his salt needs anywhere else than in Lauenstein. ” It was not until 1839 that the state abolished the beer obligation.

In 1821, Count von Hohental bought the Lauenstein manor for 175,000 thalers , which the last Bünau could not get. So the Bünaus, who had held their own for 3 centuries, left the venerable castle.

Around 1539 the families Aulhorn, Kühnel, Mühle, Schwenke, Tiebel, Seifert, Lehmann, Rehn, Reichelt, Schiebel and Fischer lived in Liebenau.

The place today

Incorporation

Liebenau has been part of the city of Altenberg since 2011 . From January 1, 1994, the place was a district of Geising. The district of Klein-Liebenau b belongs to Liebenau. Gottleuba , which has been lying desolate since 1973.

Population numbers

  • 1547: 300
  • 1623: 350
  • 1834: 549
  • 1871: 644
  • 1890: 669
  • 1910: 628
  • 1925: 620
  • 1939: 584
  • 1945: 850
  • 1946: 844
  • 1961: 651
  • 1962: 609
  • 1997: 490 (1)
  • 1998: 500
  • 1999: 498
  • 2000: 494
  • 2001: 487
  • 2002: 493
  • 2003: 476
  • 2004: 465
  • 2005: 476
  • 2006: 463
  • 2007: 486
  • 2010: 458
  • 2011: 442
  • 2014: 424
  • 2015: 417
  • 2017: 413
  • 2018: 424

(1): from 1997: population at the beginning of the year (residents' office of the cities of Geising and Altenberg)

Due to the lack of training and job opportunities in Liebenau and the surrounding area, as in many other rural regions, more and more young people have to leave their place of residence. However, the place is hoping for a population increase through the A17 .

Partnerships

Since 1991 there have been partnerships with places in Germany and Austria.

The partner locations:

Winter landscape, view of the
A 17 motorway construction

traffic

Liebenau is west of the A 17 motorway ( Dresden - Prague ) and east of the B 170 (Dresden - Zinnwald ).

The following bus lines ( RVSOE ) run through the town:

Companies and trades

Church and rectory in Liebenau

In terms of industry, the place did not develop significantly. Agriculture has always played a major role in Liebenau. Of the former 650 members of the LPG “Grenzland Liebenau”, around 60 people still work in the modern “Liebenauer Agrar GmbH”. The farm, founded in 2001, cultivates around 2,250 hectares in Liebenau and the surrounding area, including around 1,200 hectares of grassland, and keeps around 800 cattle. Stables are located in Liebenau, Börnchen , Dittersdorf and Fürstenwalde .

societies

  • Friends of the village community center and sports facilities eV Liebenau
  • Schützenverein Liebenau eV
  • Liebenau volunteer fire department
  • Culture and Sports Association Liebenau eV
  • German Red Cross
  • Youth club Liebenau
  • Hometown club
  • Trumpet Choir
Church "To the 12 Apostles"

Sights, leisure and events

Worth seeing

  • Church "To the 12 Apostles" (oldest sacral building in the church district)
  • Farm museum in the lower village
  • Home parlor
Lower village pond, in the background the church

leisure

  • Bathing pond in the upper village and three other ponds in the village
  • Bowling alley
  • Sports field with an underground shooting range
  • well-developed bike and hiking trails
  • good winter sports conditions in winter (cross-country skiing, sledding, etc.)

Events

  • Carnival dance and children's carnival in February
  • Maypole setting at the end of April
  • Football tournament and family sports festival in May
  • DRK terrain game in June
  • Solstice celebration with bonfire in June
  • Local festival and shooting festival on the third weekend in August
  • Oktoberfest
  • Christmas bazaar in December
  • New Year's Eve event (e.g. in the village community center)

Personalities

  • Carl Friedrich Lotze (1837 – after 1903), entrepreneur and member of the German Reichstag
  • Wilhelm Kürschner (1869–1914), master builder of historicism, city architect in Bozen
  • Dr. Ingo Uhlemann (born January 12, 1966), biology teacher in Dresden, botanist and dandelion specialist

literature

Web links

Commons : Liebenau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Numbers and facts on the website of the city of Altenberg
  2. Liebenauer turn manure into energy , Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) of April 25, 2013