Life (2017)

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Movie
German title Life
Original title Life
Country of production United States
original language English
Publishing year 2017
length 104 minutes
Age rating FSK 16
JMK 14
Rod
Director Daniél Espinosa
script Rhett Reese ,
Paul Wernick
production David Ellison ,
Dana Goldberg ,
Bonnie Curtis ,
Julie Lynn
music Jon Ekstrand
camera Seamus McGarvey
cut Frances Parker
Mary Jo Markey
occupation
synchronization

Life is an American science fiction - horror film directed by Daniel Espinosa from the year 2017 . The film was released on March 23, 2017 in German cinemas and one day later in US cinemas.

action

The alien life form from Mars , which they call Calvin, is found in a soil sample by the crew of the International Space Station

In the near future there will be six crew members of the International Space Station ISS on the Mars Pilgrim 7 mission . There are several scientists and astronauts, including Dr. Miranda North, employee of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , who as quarantine officer ensures that quarantine regulations are complied with during the mission, for which she has set up various firewalls. Former military man Dr. David Jordan works as an on-board doctor on the station, Sho Murakami from Japan is a senior crew member and systems engineer, and the lead scientist is Dr. Hugh Derry. In addition, the flight engineer Roy Adams is part of the crew. The mission is led by the Russian cosmonaut and scientist Ekaterina Golovkina. They are given the task of examining a soil sample from Mars that has to be brought to them by a space probe and brought on board by Adams in a daring operation, as the probe was damaged on its way back. When examining the sample, they made a sensational discovery, because in one of the first samples of the red sand they found the fossil form of a single cell with the help of a high-performance microscope.

When the microbiologist Dr. Derry isolates the tiny extraterrestrial organism, feeds it with a special mixture of air and feeds it with some glucose, and it comes back to life. They discover that the microorganism reproduces quickly, that its multifunctional cells all appear to be muscle and nerve cells at the same time, and that it has photoreceptive properties, which suggests that it has the potential to adapt incredibly well and quickly to its respective environment. They call the alien life form Calvin . An American elementary school gave it this name, as a little girl on earth announced in the media. Derry can hardly hide his enthusiasm, especially when the organism even reacts to the scientist's hand movements, but other crew members on board take precautionary measures in case of an emergency, especially Miranda North, who has experience in disease control. Derry discovers that every single replicating cell of the foreign organism is able to take over all bodily functions and that full-grown muscles, brain and eyes are united in one organism. When the organism lapses into a kind of paralysis after a problem with ventilation in the laboratory, Derry tries to animate it again with light electric shocks, but Calvin defends himself and escapes from his Petri dish. When trying to find Dr. To save Derry, Adams finds himself in the laboratory with the organism that kills him after trying in vain to eliminate him. Calvin takes refuge in the ventilation and cooling pipes of the station, and the general euphoria about the sensational scientific discovery evaporates at that moment. But the exobiologist also dies soon after Calvin, who initially only crushed Derry's hand, tampered with his leg during a later attack.

The remaining members of the crew must realize that the unusual life form is not only proving to be extremely adaptable and highly intelligent, but also highly dangerous and possibly even responsible for the extinction of all life on Mars. Calvin is not only a danger for the occupation, but also for all of humanity, should the organism ever come to earth. The attempt to eliminate the greatest discovery of mankind turns out to be almost impossible, since the alien creature has hidden in the darkness of the ship and shows completely unpredictable behavior as well as an enormous resistance and adaptability. Calvin even survived a stay in a vacuum outside the ISS unscathed, while Golovkina sacrificed himself during the field mission to prevent the organism from getting back on board. The plan to deprive Calvin of the oxygen in part of the station, which Calvin also needs to live, also fails.

Because the last firewall set up by Miranda North, the station itself, threatens to fall to earth after a few incorrect maneuvers and disruptions on board, but the primary goal of the team was to stop the parasitic organism with the accompanying threat to all of humanity, The last two survivors, North and Jordan, make one last attempt to stop the alien organism from infecting Earth. Jordan tries to lure Calvin into an escape pod and fly with him into the vastness of space, while North is supposed to return to Earth. After a collision between the two capsules, however, one of the capsules is found in the sea by fishermen. It's the one with Dr. Jordan and Calvin aboard while North was shot into deep space.

production

Production history and staff

The idea was to film, as the Curiosity rover of NASA in 2012 on the Mars landing

In addition to Bonnie Curtis and Julie Lynn , David Ellison and Dana Goldberg served as producers of the film. Ellison said the idea for the film was developed from 2012 after the Curiosity rover from NASA on the Mars had landed to explore the planet. "We had the idea what if it discovered new life on Mars and brought it to the International Space Station for analysis ," said the producer. Ellison went on to explain that he and Goldberg had long wanted to do a science fiction thriller set in zero gravity on the ISS. The basic concept of Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick , who wrote the screenplay for the film and had already worked together as co-writers for Deadpool , to bring a unicellular, carbon-based organism on board the ISS that begins to live in this environment and signs of intelligence, convinced them, because if something were to survive on Mars, it would have to be a single cell. During the subsequent production of the film, NASA experts were also confident that life would really be discovered on Mars one day.

The director took Daniel Espinosa . When asked if he was claustrophobic because a sense of disorientation and claustrophobia is conveyed right from the start of the film, the director, who was born in Chile and lives in Sweden, said in an interview with Deadline.com when he was making the film Claustrophobia has really been one of his greatest fears. On the other hand, Espinosa said the ISS , on which this feeling of confinement can be observed, was one of the last completely idealistic projects that humanity has put on its feet in the past 50 years. The director goes on to say that the film is a bow to the courage to face the unknown without fear, and at the same time it refers to the history of mankind, and how we deal with the foreign is not a glorious story.

Espinosa said the original plan was for a low-budget film with a budget of $ 10 million and that it would be directed by a less experienced director. When he got on the film project, the budget was increased to $ 30 million, and when he brought Ryan Reynolds on board, it was increased by an additional $ 20 million. After casting a role with Jake Gyllenhaal, he finally had a budget of 65 million US dollars. Espinosa said of the film Alien , which was partly used as a model and was influenced by the Danish school , whose brilliance had a lot to do with the creation of the life stories of the individual characters, which allowed for an extraordinarily natural and intimate relationship between them he wanted to achieve in his movie. Espinosa named Ingmar Bergman's persona and Andrej Tarkowskij's Solaris as further influences .

Espinosa had first spoken to the geneticist Adam Rutherford , who had already worked in an advisory capacity on films by Alex Garland , such as Ex Machina and his latest film. Rutherford had introduced him to the idea of ​​an extraterrestrial living being, how it could look physically and how and in which direction it could develop. A graffiti artist and a good friend of Espinosa came along and worked together with Rutherford on the graphic implementation of his idea. People had also thought about the appearance of Calvin on earth and thought about what the being would look like there.

Regarding the initial form of the extraterrestrial life form that the expedition team discovered in the film on Mars, Espinosa says that the first thing Calvin encountered was a hand, which is why he has five limbs. Calvin's initial figure compares Espinosa with a baby who is given an environment in which it feels comfortable and in which it does not bother you if it pulls your hair, even if it hurts. The rat in the laboratory, however, does not receive the same level of care from the crew. Espinosa had also spoken to NASA employees, who replied six to seven years when he asked how long they estimated it would actually take to bring a soil sample from Mars to the ISS.

Cast and dubbing

Jake Gyllenhaal took on the role of Dr. David Jordan. Ryan Reynolds , originally slated for the lead role, stars as Rory Adams in the film. This is the second collaboration between Reynolds and Espinosa after Safe House . To cast the roles of Dr. Jordan and Adams with Gyllenhaal and Reynolds said the director said they represented two different styles of acting. Reynolds pretends that everything is very simple and looks rather reckless, which reminds him of Robert Redford . Gyllenhaal, on the other hand, always seems cautious and therefore a little like the young Dustin Hoffman . According to Espinosa, his idea was to take a Redford and a Hoffman of the current generation and have them play together in a film.

Rebecca Ferguson plays Mission Leader Dr. Miranda North, who also works at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Japanese actor Hiroyuki Sanada took on the role of senior crew member Sho Murakami, whose wife Kazumi gives birth to a daughter during the mission on Earth. Ariyon Bakare plays lead scientist Dr. Hugh Derry, paralyzed from the waist down, which confines him to a wheelchair on earth. The Russian cosmonaut, captain and scientist Ekaterina Golovkina is played by Olga Dihovichnaya . Other roles beyond the crew of the ISS were filled with Naoko Mori , Camiel Warren-Taylor , Alexandre Nguyen and Hiu Woong-Sin .

In the German dubbing, Berenice Weichert lends her voice to actress Rebecca Ferguson in her role of Miranda North. Dennis Schmidt-Foß speaks Ryan Reynolds in the role of Roy Adams, Marius Clarén lends Jake Gyllenhaal as Dr. David Jordan his voice and Dietmar Wunder speaks Ariyon Bakare in the role of Dr. Hugh Derry. The actress Olga Dihovichnaya in her role of Ekaterina Golovkina will be dubbed by Daria Kolembach and Hiroyuki Sanada in his role of Sho Murakami by Marcus Off .

Filming, equipment and costumes

ATV5 5 minutes before capture - outside view.jpg
The International Space Station , here with an Automated Transfer Vehicle in docking maneuver, was recreated in the London Shepperton Studios
NASA Goddard technologist studies a paint sample in her laboratory.jpg
In the film, Calvin's initial habitat was a glove box , as used by NASA

Filming began on July 19, 2016 at Shepperton Studios in London . Seamus McGarvey , who has been nominated twice for an Oscar, took over the camera . About the work of the cameraman, Carsten Baumgardt from filmstarts.de says that he is often very close to his protagonist to underline the claustrophobic atmosphere and sometimes spontaneously turns them upside down in weightlessness because there is no up or down anyway. Nevertheless, McGarvey always keeps an eye on the essentials, which are not only straightforward brutal, but also aesthetically surprisingly appealing to look at, so Baumgardt, even if one of the characters in the film drowns in weightlessness or spits blood. Other critics describe the illusion of weightlessness, created with a lot of training and tightrope, as perfect, and after a few minutes the viewer no longer notices that the figures are sometimes upside down on the screen. Andreas Busche from the Tagesspiegel says about the seven-minute opening sequence, which was designed with only a few, barely visible cuts, McGarvey follows the actors with the camera in a single flow through the narrow tubes and chambers of the station, revolves freely around its own axis and developed a description of the work processes there with incredible precision. At the same time, during this initial one-take sequence, the six main characters who live in this meticulously recreated habitat would be introduced, according to Andreas Borcholte from Spiegel Online .

Espinosa shot the film with only one camera and only one camera team, without a second unit . Espinosa said he liked the idea of the fact that he did not set the film in a distant and technologically highly developed future and thus had to do without artificial gravity on board the ISS , as appears in many science fiction films that the film could take place tomorrow and that the difference to Alien would also become clearer. If you talk about a dystopian future, so Espinosa, you are moving more into a fantasy and not so much a science fiction world, and what you are more concerned about is what might happen tomorrow.

Nigel Phelps , who was responsible for setting the film, built mock-ups of the space station on four stages at Shepperton Studios in London . Espinosa explained that even if he didn't know what all the cables, wires and buttons on the film set were for, their use had a positive effect on the film's effects. The station was modified for the conditions given by history and the design of the ISS was adapted accordingly. Quarantine zones were installed on board for the Mars Pilgrim 7 mission , starting with the glove box ( called Microgravity Science Glovebox at NASA ), in which Calvin initially lived, and the sealed off laboratory. In addition, they contacted NASA, so Espinosa, and asked what ideas they had for the future of the ISS. With this information, he then had his team design the new architecture of the space station. In addition to the interior of the ISS, the exterior view of the ISS was also recreated on the film set, which was achieved through a construction that extended more than nine meters in different directions.

Jenny Beavan was responsible for the costumes. Because the members of the crew flew from Kazakhstan in a Russian Soyuz to the ISS, they also wear Russian space suits in the film, which, according to Beavan, are purely functional in contrast to those from NASA. The design of the spacesuits seen in the film was ultimately based partly on the equipment of the extravehicular mobility units for external use by NASA and partly on the Russian Sokol pressure suits that are worn during the take-off and re-entry phases.

Post-production and film music

Marc Homes , who most recently worked in this role for World War Z , acted as supervising art director . As part of a CGI post-production , the creature from Mars was inserted into the film material. Espinosa said, "None of us knew what it looked like, so I had to use my imagination to imagine what this thing might look like and how it might behave." The actors hadn't seen Calvin either until the film was over and the graphic designers added it to the resulting footage on the computer. Regarding the fact that the actors could not see the alien being during filming, Jake Gyllenhaal said: “We had buttons in our ears that Daniel used to tell us what was happening. So while I was playing I heard, 'It's getting closer to your face! It's getting closer! Now it's in your ear. ' I reacted to that. "

The score was composed by Jon Ekstrand . The Swedish composer had met Espinosa many years earlier at a Danish film school, and Life was the sixth film Ekstrand and Espinosa had worked on. Ekstrand started his work after reading the script and worked intermittently on the score for about a year, the last phase in London, where the film was also shot and edited. The recordings themselves took place over seven days in February 2016 at AIR Lyndhurst . For the first time, film music composed by Ekstrand was recorded by a large orchestra made up of around 100 musicians, including wind instruments playing Wagner tuba , and accompanied by a 32-piece choir. Individual pieces of music were also played for the actors during filming. The soundtrack to the film comprises 16 tracks, was released on March 24, 2017 as a download and was released on CD by Milan Records on May 5, 2017.

Marketing and Publishing

After a first trailer in October 2016, Sony Pictures presented a new trailer as part of the 51st Super Bowl .

The film celebrated its world premiere on March 18, 2017 as part of the South by Southwest Film Festival in the presence of actors Jake Gyllenhaal , Rebecca Ferguson , Ryan Reynolds , Olga Dihovichnaya , Ariyon Bakare and Hiroyuki Sanada . The film was released on March 23, 2017 in German cinemas and one day later in US cinemas. The film has been shown on Sky Cinema, Sky Go and Sky On Demand since December 17, 2017. The film was released on Netflix on February 23, 2019.

reception

Age rating

In the USA, the film received an R rating from the MPAA , which corresponds to a rating of 17 and over. In Germany the film is FSK 16 . The statement of reasons for the release states: “The film is narrated with numerous genre-typical elements and initially develops the plot and characters before dramatic twists and turns and bloody confrontations determine the pace. […] 16-year-olds are already able to identify the typical stylistic devices of the genre and to distance themselves sufficiently due to their media experience. The setting far removed from the reality of life and the strange design of the monster also support the distancing. "

Reviews

The film has so far won over 67 percent of Rotten Tomatoes ' critics . Many critics recognized clear references to the films Gravity and Alien - The uncanny being from an alien world .

David Saleh Rauf of ABC News recognizes some remarkable parallels to Ridley Scott's 1979 classic Alien , because the film also accompanies a team of scientists on a spaceship who encounter an alien life form that wants to destroy them.

Arnold Hohmann says in the Westfälische Rundschau with regard to Espinosa's decision to relocate Life in the not too distant future that the film may frighten the viewer mainly because everything here seems so real and familiar. The ISS space station is now a common term, the dialogues of the crew sound very modern and the technology does not go beyond Skype images, says Hohmann.

Rüdiger Suchsland from SWR2 thinks the film fits in perfectly with the zeitgeist: “The world of the future that is being painted here is a gloomy dystopia . Instead of depicting the fascination of contact with extraterrestrial life in a positive and optimistic way, as happens in classic science fiction with Steven Spielberg and most recently in Interstellar and Arrival , here the foreign is exclusively a troublemaker and a murderous threat. "

Sebastian Lorenz from Robots & Dragons says that neither the premise nor the course of the plot are particularly original and also do not come close to the role models, but the director Daniél Espinosa manages to provide the frequently seen set pieces with unexpected twists, which the film does anyway an exciting, entertaining and entertaining experience. The special effects in particular are first class, says Lorenz, and even if you can not see a milestone in film history in Life , it is one of the better films of the 2017 cinema year.

Peter Debruge from Variety explains that even if Life is not a particularly philosophical film, it is not just about discovering new life , as the film title suggests, but also about the biological imperative for survival .

In contrast, Dietmar Dath from the FAZ writes that the film is “despite its name, stillborn”. Neither the characters, nor the story or the ideas can convince him, so he has to sum up: “ Life shows that things can go one step duller: Worse than films with stories that repeat themselves endlessly and hopelessly are films without anyone Breath of a story. "

Gross profit

In Germany, the film has so far had 306,053 visitors (as of June 18, 2017). The film's worldwide revenue from theatrical screenings is $ 100.5 million.

Awards

On December 4, 2017, it was announced that the film was in the shortlist of 20 films, from which the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences will determine the nominations for the 2018 Academy Awards in the Best Visual Effects category . On December 18, 2017, the Academy announced that Jon Ekstrand's work was on a shortlist from which nominations in the Best Film Music category would come. Further nominations follow.

Saturn Award ceremony 2018

VES Awards 2018

  • Nomination in the category Outstanding Model in a Photoreal or Animated Project (ISS)

Scientific background

The return of Mars soil samples to Earth is a seriously discussed and fundamentally pursued goal of various space travel projects, past and present. It is commonly referred to as Mars Sample Return . No such mission has yet been carried out. The danger shown in the film, which an extraterrestrial life form can pose for life on earth, arises from the so-called backward contamination .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Release certificate for Life . Voluntary self-regulation of the film industry (PDF; test number: 166718 / K). Template: FSK / maintenance / type not set and Par. 1 longer than 4 characters
  2. ↑ Age rating for Life . Youth Media Commission .
  3. ↑ a b c James Mottram: Why the latest sci-fi horror film Life is both realistic and adventurous In: thenational.ae, March 21, 2017.
  4. ↑ Sandy Schaefer: Ryan Reynolds & Deadpool Writers May Reunite For Sci-Fi Film Life In: screenrant.com, February 16, 2016.
  5. ↑ a b Hannah Shaw-Williams: Life Producer Says Moviegoers Are 'Hungry' For Original Sci-Fi In: screenrant.com, January 23, 2017.
  6. ^ Bory's Kit: Daniel Espinosa to Direct Mystery Project for Skydance In: The Hollywood Reporter, November 18, 2015.
  7. ^ Ali Jaafar: Daniel Espinosa To Direct 'Life' For David Ellison's Skydance In: deadline.com, November 18, 2015.
  8. ↑ a b c Mike Fleming Jr: 'Life' Director Daniel Espinosa, Treading On Ridley Scott Terrain, Waterboarding Denzel, Ryan Reynolds' Growth - Q&A In: deadline.com, March 17, 2017.
  9. ↑ 'Life' - xenophobia in space ( memento from March 20, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) In: barfi.ch, March 19, 2017.
  10. ↑ a b c d e Ryan Lambie: Daniel Espinosa interview: Life, creatures, sci-fi, Giger In: denofgeek.com, March 21, 2017.
  11. ↑ Daniel Kothenschulte: 'Life': No safe country of origin In. Frankfurter Rundschau, March 22, 2017.
  12. ^ A b Edward Douglas: Life: Director Daniel Espinosa On The Outer Space Thriller In: lrmonline.com, March 20, 2017.
  13. ↑ a b c 'Life' on the space station: Stars, director talk about recreating ISS in sci-fi thriller In: collectspace.com, March 23, 2017.
  14. ↑ Bory's Kit: Jake Gyllenhaal Joining Ryan Reynolds Skydance's Sci-Fi Film 'Life' In: The Hollywood Reporter, March 10, 2016.
  15. ↑ Annemarie Havran: 'Life': Jake Gyllenhaal joins Ryan Reynolds and Rebecca Ferguson in the Mars adventure In: filmstarts.de, March 11, 2016.
  16. ↑ Silas Lesnick: Ryan Reynolds Eyes Sci-Fi Tale Life In: comingsoon.net, February 16, 2016.
  17. ↑ Marc Rybicki: Science fiction horror film 'Life': Bad Being from Mars In: Frankfurter Neue Presse. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
  18. ↑ Arnold Hohmann: Dying on Mars In: Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, March 22, 2017.
  19. ↑ Bory's Kit: Jake Gyllenhaal Sci-Fi Thriller 'Life' Adds Two In: The Hollywood Reporter, July 19, 2016.
  20. ↑ a b Carsten Baumgardt: Life In: filmstarts.de. Retrieved March 19, 2017.
  21. ↑ 'Life': Lived xenophobia in space In: Focus Online, March 23, 2017.
  22. ↑ Andreas Busche: In the cinema: Science-Fiction-Horror 'Life': Screams in Space In: Der Tagesspiegel, March 22, 2017.
  23. ↑ Andreas Borcholte: Ryan Reynolds and Jake Gyllenhaal in 'Life': Did someone say alien? In: Spiegel Online, March 22, 2017.
  24. ↑ New Skydance Sci-Fi Film 'Life' Begins Productiion ( Memento from January 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) In: skydancemedia.com, July 19, 2016.
  25. ↑ Jenny Beavan On The Russian Space Suits In: metacritic.com. Retrieved March 21, 2017. (Video)
  26. ↑ Hanneke Weitering: 'Life' Star Jake Gyllenhaal Fears No Aliens In: space.com, March 23, 2017.
  27. ↑ Katja Kraft: Jake Gyllenhaal: 'Curiosity is my strongest drive' In: Münchner Merkur Online, March 21, 2017.
  28. ↑ Jon Ekstrand to Score Daniel Espinosa's 'Life' In: filmmusicreporter.com, October 31, 2016.
  29. ↑ Life - original music by Jon Ekstrand In: milanrecords.com. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  30. ↑ Steve Weintraub: 'Life' composer Jon Ekstrand on Why Flexibility Matters in His Job In: collider.com, March 22, 2017. (Video)
  31. ↑ JC Chamboredon: 6 questions with Jon Ekstrand - composer of 'Life' In: milanrecords.com, March 24, 2017.
  32. ^ Life In: soundtrack.net. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  33. ^ Life In: filmmusicsite.com. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
  34. ↑ Cooper Hood: Life Trailer: Jake Gyllenhaal & Ryan Reynolds Find Terror in Space In: screenrant.com, October 30, 2016.
  35. ↑ Seth Kelley: Jake Gyllenhaal, Ryan Reynolds Are Under Attack in Super Bowl Spot for 'Life' In: Variety, February 4, 2017.
  36. ↑ Lauren Huff: SXSW: Ryan Reynolds, Jake Gyllenhaal Talk On-Set Camaraderie at 'Life' Premiere In: The Hollywood Reporter, March 19, 2017.
  37. ↑ Netflix: Program for February 2019 - List of new series and films. PCGames.de, accessed on January 26, 2019.
  38. ↑ Life In: parentpreviews.com. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
  39. ^ Reason for release for Life In: Voluntary Self-Control of the Film Industry. Retrieved March 30, 2017.
  40. ↑ Life In: Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
  41. ↑ a b Sebastian Lorenz: Life - Critique of the Science Fiction Thriller In: robots-and-dragons.de, March 19, 2017.
  42. ↑ a b David Saleh Rauf: Bromance between Gyllenhaal and Reynolds filming 'Life' ( Memento from March 20, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) In: abcnews.go.com, March 18, 2017.
  43. ^ Arnold Hohmann: 'Life' - From dying on Mars In: Westfälische Rundschau, March 21, 2017.
  44. ↑ Rüdiger Suchsland: When in doubt for fear - Sci-Fi thriller with extraterrestrial horror scenarios In: SWR2 Kultur Info, March 23, 2017.
  45. ↑ Peter Debruge: SXSW Film Review: 'Life' In: Variety, March 18, 2017.
  46. ↑ Dietmar Dath: Frozen in the vacuum of ideas In: FAZ Feuilleton - video criticism, March 22, 2017.
  47. ↑ Top 100 Germany 2017 In: insidekino.com. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
  48. ↑ Life In: boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  49. ↑ 20 Contenders Advance In VFX Oscar Race In: oscars.org, December 4, 2017.
  50. ↑ Zack Sharf: Oscars 2018: Best Original Score Shortlist Includes 'The Shape of Water', 'All the Money in the World' and More In: indiewire.com, December 18, 2017.
  51. ↑ Dave McNary: 'Black Panther', 'Walking Dead' Rule Saturn Awards Nominations In: Variety, March 15, 2018.
  52. ↑ Erik Pedersen: VES Awards Nominations: 'Blade Runner 2049' & Latest 'Apes' Lead Film; 'Thrones' Rules All With 11 Noms In: deadline.com, January 16, 2018.