List of Austrian ambassadors in the United States

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Residence of the Austrian Ambassador at 2419 Wyoming Avenue, NW in Washington, DC

The list of Austrian ambassadors to the United States includes the diplomatic representatives of Austria who have held the office of Austrian representative in the United States from 1865 to the present day . From 1868 until the United States declared war in 1917, these were envoys of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy who were subordinate to the Austro-Hungarian Minister of the Imperial and Royal House and Foreign Affairs , who was also chairman of the joint Council of Ministers.

Historical development

1837 sent US President Martin Van Buren Nathaniel Niles Jr. (* December 27, 1791 in Fairlee Vermont , † November 16, 1869 in New York City ), son of Nathaniel Miles , an exponent of the early history of the United States , according to Vienna to to remove obstacles to the importation of American tobacco into the Austrian Empire in the case of State Chancellor Klemens Wenzel Lothar von Metternich, who was in office under Emperor Ferdinand I. This may have been the first diplomatic contact between the United States and Austria.

In the course of the modernization of the state in the 1860s, the Austrian and Austro-Hungarian Empire began to send permanent envoys to the United States. After November 11, 1918, it was no longer a matter of representatives of the emperor, but of the republican state of German Austria and the Republic of Austria, who were now designated as ambassadors. On March 13, 1938, the Austrian representation in Washington DC was closed because of the annexation to Nazi Germany and only reopened after the Second World War or one and a half years after the reestablishment of the Republic of Austria.

The fact that diplomatic relations were only resumed in November 1946 reflects the fact that the United States, as the occupying power in Austria , had had a high-ranking presence in Vienna since September 1, 1945, and that the four occupying powers regarded themselves as the supreme power in Austria. It was not until the summer of 1946 that the Figl I federal government was given more political leeway.

list

1838: Establishment of diplomatic relations

Appointed Accredited Surname Life dates / remarks Appointed by the Kaiser (on the proposal of the Foreign Minister) or by the Federal President (on the proposal of the Federal Government) accredited by US President Leave post
1838 Oct 13, 1838 Wenceslaus from Mareschall 1785-1851 1841
1841 June 18, 1841 Johann von Hülsemann Charge d'Affaires ,
from December 5, 1855: kk Messenger 		1868
1863 May 11, 1863 Nicholas of Giorgi ? -1864 Nov 8, 1864
1865 Jan. 25, 1865 Ferdinand von Wydenbruck 1816-1878 Franz Joseph I ( Austrian Empire ),
Anton von Schmerling 		Andrew Johnson Aug 11, 1867
1867 Karl von and zu Franckenstein Chargé d'affaires 1868
1868 July 3, 1868 Carl Ramon Soter von Lederer

centered 1817-1890;
1863–1868 envoy to the Hanseatic cities

Franz Joseph I.,
Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust 		Andrew Johnson March 12, 1874
1874 March 12, 1874 Wilhelm von Schwarz-Senborn 1816-1903 Franz Joseph I., Gyula Andrássy Ulysses S. Grant March 8, 1875
1875 June 23, 1875 Ladislaus von Hoyos-Sprinzenstein 1834-1901;
1883–1894 Austro-Hungarian ambassador to Paris 		Franz Joseph I., Gyula Andrássy Ulysses S. Grant 28 Aug 1878
1878 December 25, 1878 Ernst von Mayr Franz Joseph I., Gyula Andrássy Rutherford B. Hayes Oct. 30, 1881
1881 Oct. 30, 1881 Ignaz von Schäffer Franz Joseph I., Heinrich Karl von Haymerle James A. Garfield Oct 9, 1886
1887 Feb. 21, 1887 Ernst Schmit from Tavera 1839-1904 Franz Joseph I., Gustav Kálnoky Grover Cleveland Oct 11, 1894
1894 Oct 11, 1894 Ladislaus Hengelmüller von Hengervár 1845-1917 Franz Joseph I., Gustav Kálnoky Grover Cleveland Jan. 7, 1913
1913 March 4, 1913 Constantine Dumba 1856-1947 Franz Joseph I., Leopold Berchtold Woodrow Wilson Nov 4, 1915
1916 Nov 9, 1916 Adam Tarnówski from Tarnów 1866-1946 Franz Joseph I., Stephan Burián von Rajecz Woodrow Wilson April 8, 1917 because the United States declared war on the German Reich on April 6, 1917; the declaration of war on Austria-Hungary did not take place until December 7, 1917
Dec. 2, 1921 Edgar Leo Gustav Prochnik Chargé d'affaires, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from May 7, 1925 Michael Hainisch , Schober I. Warren G. Harding March 13, 1938 due to the closure of the Austrian representation due to the “Anschluss” with the German Reich
Nov 26, 1946 Dec. 4, 1946 Ludwig Kleinwächter Chargé d'affaires, promoted to ambassador on Dec. 6, 1951 and accredited on Dec. 19, 1951 Karl Renner , Figl I. Harry S. Truman
Feb 5, 1952 Feb 13, 1952 Max Loewenthal-Chlumecky 1908-1995 Theodor Körner , Figl II Harry S. Truman
March 3, 1954 March 10, 1954 Karl Gruber 1909-1995 Theodor Körner , Raab I Dwight D. Eisenhower
Apr 9, 1958 Apr 18, 1958 Wilfried Platzer 1909-1981 Adolf Schärf , Raab II Dwight D. Eisenhower
Oct 12, 1965 Nov 16, 1965 Ernst Lemberger 1906-1974 Franz Jonas , Klaus I Lyndon B. Johnson
June 18, 1969 1st July 1969 Karl Gruber 1909-1995 Franz Jonas , Klaus II Richard Nixon
Sep 1 1972 Sep 7 1972 Arno Halusa 1911-1979 Franz Jonas , Kreisky II Richard Nixon
March 2nd 1977 March 23, 1977 Karl Herbert Schober 1916-2000 Rudolf Kirchschläger , Kreisky III Jimmy Carter
Jan. 8, 1982 Jan. 13, 1982 Thomas Klestil 1932-2004 Rudolf Kirchschläger , Kreisky IV Ronald Reagan
Nov 30, 1987 Dec 21, 1987 Friedrich Hoess 1932-2007 Kurt Waldheim , Vranitzky II Ronald Reagan
Feb. 4, 1993 Apr 14, 1993 Helmut Turk * 1941 Thomas Klestil , Vranitzky III Bill Clinton
Apr 19, 1999 Apr 19, 1999 Peter Moser * 1941 Thomas Klestil , Viktor Klima Bill Clinton
Oct 22, 2003 Dec. 4, 2003 Eva Nowotny * 1944 Thomas Klestil , Bowl II George W. Bush
May 26, 2009 July 20, 2009 Christian Prosl * 1946 Heinz Fischer , Faymann I Barack Obama
Dec 1, 2012 Jan. 18, 2012 Hans Peter Manz * 1955 Heinz Fischer , Faymann I Barack Obama
Dec 1, 2015 Jan. 11, 2016 Wolfgang Waldner * 1954 Heinz Fischer , Faymann II Barack Obama
23 Jan 2019 Nov 7, 2019 Martin Weiss * 1962 Alexander Van der Bellen , Brief I. Donald Trump

Source:

See also

literature

  • Erwin Matsch: Vienna-Washington: a journal of diplomatic relations, 1838–1917 . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 1990 ( books.google.de ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Peter Bridges, Pen of fire: John Moncure Daniel . 2002, p. 81. Andrew Johnson, Paul H. Bergeron: The papers of Andrew Johnson: September 1867 - March 1868 . 1997, p. 8
  2. ^ Former Ambassadors to the US In: Austrian Embassy Washington. Retrieved July 3, 2020 (American English).