List of church buildings and shrines rededicated in mosques
The conversion of church buildings and shrines into mosques began in the early phase of Islam , during the lifetime of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and continued later during the Islamic conquests .
Consequences of the transformations
Numerous Hindu temples , churches , synagogues , Zoroastrian temples, in modern times also temples of the Baha'i and other shrines, were converted into mosques. These transformations lead to political disputes to this day. B. in Israel or also in India. In India, more than 2000 people died because of such a conflict in Ayodhya in 1992. In his work Hindu Temples - What Happened to Them, the Indian Ram Goel already lists around 2000 mosques from a Hindu nationalist point of view that were built in places of earlier Hindu temples.
Several such structural conversions in mosques in Muslim or formerly Muslim-ruled countries have since been reversed. In addition, some of these buildings have been converted into museums, such as B. the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul , Turkey. In non-Islamic countries, new mosques are being built today through the purchase of secularized buildings or former secular buildings from other religions.
Some of the most popular such conversions include:
Middle East, Islamic Countries
Egypt
Algeria
- Great Synagogue in Oran
- Ketchava Mosque ( Saint Philip's Cathedral) in Algiers
- Great Synagogue in Algiers
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Israel and Palestine
- Anim synagogue
- al-Muallaq Mosque in Acre
- Machpelah in Hebron
- al-Chanqah al-Salahiya Mosque in Jerusalem
- Eschtemoa synagogue
- Great Mosque of Gaza
- Old Synagogue of Katzrin (Golan Heights)
- al-Chadra in Nablus
- St. John's Cathedral (Nabi Yahya Mosque) in Samaria
- An-Nasr Mosque in Nablus
- Susya Synagogue
- Temple Mount Mosques in Jerusalem
Libya
Turkey
Istanbul:
- Apostle Church (Constantinople) - it was demolished and the Fatih Mosque was built in its place .
- Arap Camii
- Chora Church
- Hırami Ahmet Pasha Mosque
- Pammakaristos Church
- Studio monastery
- Little Hagia Sophia
- Church mosque
- Zeyrek mosque
- Koca Mustafa Pasha Mosque
- Eski Imaret Mosque
- Sancaktar Hayrettin Mosque
- Fenari Isa Mosque
- Hirami Ahmet Pasha Mosque
- Bodrum mosque
- Atik Mustafa Pasha Mosque
- Gul mosque
- Calendar Hane Mosque
Adana:
- Oil mosque in Adana
Ani:
Antalya:
- Kesik minaret
Ayvalik:
- Taxiarch Church near Ayvalık , Balıkesir Province
- Saatli Mosque (Agios Ioannis) in Ayvalık
Bagbasi:
- Georgian Haho Monastery in Bağbaşı, Erzurum Province
Barhal:
- Georgian Church in Barhal
Gaziantep:
- Liberation Mosque (Armenian Cathedral Surp Asdvadzadzin ) in Antep
Iznik:
Kars
Tarsus:
- Old mosque in Tarsus
Trabzon:
- Hagia Sophia (Trebizond)
- Fatih (= Arabic conqueror) mosque
- Nakip mosque
- New Friday mosque
Van:
- Armenian Narekawank Monastery near Van
Saudi Arabia
Syria
- al-Nuri Grand Mosque in Homs
- Great Mosque of Hama
- al-Halawiya- madrasa in Aleppo
- Umayyad Mosque (Saint Helena Cathedral) in Aleppo
- al-Muqaddamiyah Madrasa in Aleppo
- Umayyad Mosque in Damascus
Cyprus
- Church of Saint Catherine (Haydarpasha Mosque) in Nicosia , now secularized
- Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque in Famagusta
- Selimiye Mosque in Nicosia
India and Far East
India
- Babri Mosque in Ayodhya
- Gyanvapi Mosque in Varanasi
- Kashi Vishwanath Temple in Varanasi
- Ram Janmabhumi Temple in Ayodhya
- Somnath Temple in Veraval
- Qutb complex in Delhi
Indonesia
- Masjid Menara Kudu in Kudu on Java
Europe
Albania
Germany
- New Apostolic Church in Berlin-Tempelhof
- Methodist Church in Mönchengladbach
- Evangelical Emergency Church Johannes, Kielstrasse, Dortmund, now Merkez Camii (DITIB)
- Kapernaum Church (Hamburg-Horn)
France
- Toulon Cathedral ( Cathédrale Sainte-Marie-Majeure ou de-la-Sède ) in Toulon for 1543–1544
Greece
- Parthenon in Athens (a mosque was built in it during the Turkish rule)
- Panagia Acheiropoietos in Thessaloniki
- Panagia Chalkeon in Thessaloniki
- Hagios Demetrios in Thessaloniki
- Church of the Prophet Elias (Thessaloniki)
- Church of Saint Pandeleimon (Thessaloniki)
- Church of the Holy Apostles (Thessaloniki)
Montenegro
Spain
- Mezquita-Catedral de Córdoba in Córdoba ( Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba ), Andalusia
Hungary
United Kingdom
United States
- Mosque Maryam ( Marian Mosque ) of the Nation of Islam in Chicago
See also
literature
- Michael R. Fischbach: Jewish property claims against Arab countries . Columbia University Press, New York 2008, ISBN 978-0-231-13538-2 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
- Richard M. Eaton: Temple desecration and Indo-Muslim states. In: Lloyd Ridgeon (ed.): Islam and religious diversity. Critical concepts in Islamic studies. Volume 3: Eastern religions. Routledge, New York, NY 2012, ISBN 978-0-415-68009-7 , pp. 35-68.
- Sita Ram Goel [and a.]: Hindu Temples - What Happened to Them. Voice of India, New Delhi 1991. Volume 1, ISBN 81-85990-49-2 . Volume 2, 81-85990-03-4. ( online )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Koenraad Elst: Ban this Book ( Memento of the original dated February 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: The Observer of business and Politics. New Delhi, December 1, 1993. Book review, accessed September 25, 2012.
- ↑ Compare also in the English Wikipedia the article en: Hindu Temples - What Happened to Them .
- ↑ Houses of God: Churches Become Mosques , Tagesspiegel, October 5, 2007.
- ^ Marion Menne: Whirling around church sales ( Memento from May 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), WDR, June 25, 2012.