Logau (noble family)

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Ancestral coat of arms of the Logau family. However, there is also often the version with the sloping beam from heraldic bottom right to top left.

Logau (also Logaw , Logus or Logowsky ) is the name of an old Silesian noble family .

origin

It is not known from which place ( Lagow , Lahov , Logow ) the family actually derived its name. It appears for the first time with reference to a place in Silesia around 1305 in the tithe list of the diocese of Breslau in the diocese : Hinricus miles de Lagow belonged to 9 hooves in the place Sedelcze. The earliest evidence dates from 10 August 1287: The Breslauer Bischof . Thomas II declared Henricus dictus de Lagow as a servant of the Duke Henry IV. , Along with other people the excommunication expire because this previously on behalf of the Duke church property in Ottmachau had destroyed.

history

In addition to the aforementioned Heinrich, many other members of the family can be proven as landowners or documentary witnesses for the 14th century. The settlement focus was still in the Neisse area and also in the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer . There, around 1370, Hanko von Logau appears as the first incumbent as a burgrave on the Bolkoburg . In the 15th century they also owned land in the Neustadt district, a nickel from Logau was captain of Groß Wartenberg around 1425 and several knights of Logau served as mercenaries for the Teutonic Order in the fight against the Polish king.

Bechau Castle around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

The family achieved its greatest importance in the 16th century with Mathäus von Logau (also Mattes the Elder ) and his sons. He was an episcopal notary and chancellor, later governor of the principality of Schweidnitz-Jauer, had owned the Falkenberg rule , the Jauer castle loan as pledge and, since 1545, the Kynsburg , which he extensively renewed (in the curtain wall of the Niederburg there was a stone slab with his coat of arms and the year 1551). His eldest son Kaspar became Bishop of Wroclaw, thus had enough income of his own and waived his inheritance claims. So the reign of Falkenberg came to his brother Heinrich until 1568 . He was mentioned 1578–1581 as governor of the principality of Neisse and was married to Maria von Oppersdorf. Georg had inherited the Kynsburg from his father, was mentioned in 1567 as the governor of Neisse, owned the minority of Friedek in the Duchy of Teschen from 1573–1581 and died on April 3, 1595. Gotthard received the Bechau estate in the Principality of Neisse with all accessories from the inheritance , acquired in 1577 The Skotschau and Schwarzwasser estates in the Duchy of Teschen and died on November 3, 1589. Mathias (also Mattes the Younger ) received the Jauer castle loan from his father, acquired the Bolkoburg as a pledge in 1570 (inherited in 1591), had it extensively renovated and bought the Czech estate in the Principality of Schweidnitz. Like his father, he was governor of the principality of Schweidnitz-Jauer. At the height of their power, the Logau brothers under the leadership of Mathias tried to acquire the Duchy of Münsterberg from the heavily indebted Duke Carl Christoph . However, a purchase contract was only concluded for the Frankenstein area (town, castle and Frankenstein area). The Frankenstein estates only wanted to subordinate themselves to a princely house, which is why the acquisition was ultimately prevented and the Logau family only received compensation. Due to further unsuccessful financial transactions, the brothers left their descendants with a large mountain of debt (Mathias and Georg alone over 250,000 thalers ), with which all goods and castles fell into the hands of the creditors.

From the Olbersdorf line, Heinrich, as Governor of Glatz and Knight of the Order of Malta, resolutely opposed the Protestant church that was still predominant there at the time, for which he and his brother David received the title of Bohemian baron in 1605 (both had been appointed Bohemian residents in 1596). David was first chamber president and judge in Neisse, acquired extensive land holdings in the County of Glatz ( Schlegel , Ebersdorf and Mügwitz ), but then supported the newly elected King of Bohemia Friedrich V , which is why the Grafschafter estate was confiscated from him or his heirs as a punishment .

Schlaupitz near Reichenbach is to be mentioned as an important property . It belonged to the family from the 14th to the beginning of the 17th century. The castle there was rebuilt in 1563 by Friedrich von Logau . This also included Mellendorf, which was previously called Altendorf and gave its name to a line of Logaus. The humanist Georg von Logau came directly from Schlaupitz. The Brockuth estate (actually Dürr-Brockuth) near Nimptsch was in their possession from around 1500 to 1686. The epigrammatist Friedrich von Logau came from there . His son Balthasar Friedrich was raised to the baron status in 1687. He had studied in Tübingen, acquired the rule of Samitz in the Principality of Liegnitz and served Duke Heinrich von Nassau-Dillenburg as a councilor, who with a daughter of Duke Georg III. von Brieg-Liegnitz was married. Also Balthasar left many debts, which is why its important 1704 book collection of more than 6,500 volumes of Duke Wilhelm Ernst of Saxe-Weimar was sold and an essential foundation of the later Duchess Anna Amalia Library showed. The great library fire of 2004 destroyed most of this Logaviana . His son Heinrich Friedrich was able to acquire Gut Bohrau in the Principality of Oels and from his father-in-law Reuthau near Sprottau . He was raised to the rank of count in 1733.

With Major Ferdinand von Logau, married to Sophie Freiin von Welczeck, the untitled line in Silesia with real estate ended in 1864 (still in 1840 on Gut Broslawitz in Upper Silesia ). Both baronial lines were extinguished early. The last count was August Leopold († January 7, 1877) and as the last of the von Logau family in Silesia, his daughter Helene Ottilie Melanie, Countess of Logau and Altendorf, died at Reuthau Castle, Sprottau district , on June 27, 1897.

In the first half of the 18th century, Carl Moritz von Logau (1700–1775) entered the Saxon military service and thus founded the Saxon family branch. This expired in the male line in the 1920s and then also in the female line in the 1960s.

Status surveys

On March 15, 1605, the brothers Heinrich and David and their cousin Christoph von Logau were elevated to the Bohemian baron status. This line led the addition and Olbersdorf . The same happened on December 31, 1687 for Balthasar Friedrich with the addition and Altendorf . From this line, Heinrich Friedrich received the title of Count on December 4, 1733.

coat of arms

Tribe, barons and counts coats of arms of Logau near Siebmacher

Konrad Blažek could prove three ancestral coats of arms of the family:

  • (Logau 1) Roughened diagonally right from blue and silver and overlaid with a red diagonal right bar. Gem: umbrella board like the shield, at each corner a ball (right red, left silver), between a bush of 8 cock feathers. Ceilings: red-silver.
  • (Logau 2) Roughened diagonally to the right and overlaid with a diagonally right bar. Gem: umbrella board like the shield, an oval disc at each corner, in between a bush of 6 cock feathers.
  • (Logau 3) Roughened in blue and silver obliquely left and overlaid with a red oblique left bar. Gem: umbrella board with a tuft of cock feathers. Covers: blue-red-silver.

The oldest printed coat of arms can be found in the Scharffenberg'schen Wappenbuch, p. 171, (today Austrian National Library , call number 49.P.24) from around 1578.

Name bearer

  • Johann von Logau (1390–1444), was Commander of the Order of St. John in Striegau and Löwenberg (allegedly a son of Benedikt von Logau and Gertrud von Mühlheim)
  • Hedwig von Logau († February 9, 1536), was 1526-1536 as Hedwig III. Abbess of the Trebnitz Monastery
  • Georg von Logau (* around 1495; † April 11, 1553), was a humanist and canon, provost of the Holy Cross in Breslau and an imperial count of the palace
  • Mathäus von Logau the Elder († December 4, 1567, buried in Jauer), was 1517 notary, secretary and from 1523 to 1526 chancellor of the Breslau bishop and 1542–1557 governor of the principality of Schweidnitz-Jauer, married to Susanna von Ogigel and subsequently with Hedwig von Promnitz.
  • Kaspar von Logau (born August 3, 1524 - † June 4, 1574), was Bishop of Wiener Neustadt and Bishop of Breslau
  • Matthias von Logau the Younger (* around 1537; † March 3, 1595), was chief tax collector of the principality of Schweidnitz-Jauer, president of the Silesian Chamber in Breslau and from September 26, 1565 until his death governor of the principality of Schweidnitz-Jauer
  • Gotthard von Logau († 1589), was the owner of the domain Skotschau - Schwarzwasser , as well as Bestwina and Altendorf in Lesser Poland
  • Heinrich Freiherr von Logau and Olbersdorf († October 11, 1625) belonged to the Order of Malta . 1601–1607 he was governor of the County of Glatz and 1621–1625 Grand Prior of the Order of Malta for Bohemia and Austria.
  • Friedrich von Logau (January 1604 - July 1655), was a poet (pseudonym: Salomon von Golaw )
  • Heinrich Friedrich Graf (since 1733) von Logau and Altendorf (born November 16, 1697; † January 15, 1771), was Prussian chamberlain and first district administrator of the Sprottau district , married (December 27, 1732) to Juliane Sophie von Lüttwitz

Note : Michael Magirus and his descendants (ennobled with the predicate v. Logau in 1653 and 1684) do not belong to this family.

literature

  • Noble houses - A (Uradel), Volume 3 (=  Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility . Volume 15 d. Complete edition). Glücksburg 1957, p. 311-323 .
  • Konrad Blažek: The dead nobility of the Prussian province of Silesia, part 1 (=  J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . Volume 6 , 8th department). Nuremberg 1887, p. 64–65 (description of all coats of arms used).
  • Konrad Blažek: The dead nobility of the Prussian province of Silesia, part 3 (=  J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . Volume 6 , 8th department). Nuremberg 1894, p. 95–96 (stem series of the count's line).
  • Carl Johannes Edemann: The family chronicle Heinrich Wenzel von Logaus . In: Quarterly magazine for coat of arms, seal and family studies . No. 20 , 1892, p. 204–271 (based on a manuscript from around 1710–1726 from the Imperial Countess of Hochberg's Majoratsbibliothek on the Fürstenstein).
  • Kurt Engelbert: Kaspar von Logau, Bishop of Breslau, Part 1 (=  representations and sources on Silesian history . Volume 28 ). Wroclaw 1926.
  • Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German nobility lexicon . Volume 6. Friedrich Voigt's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1865, pages 2–3. ( Digitized version )
  • Johann Sinapius : Silesian Curiosities First Presentation, In it the handsome families of the Silesian nobility ... (Volume 1) . Leipzig 1720, p. 607-611 .
  • Editor:  Logau von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 15, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-428-00196-6 , pp. 115-118 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ In the relevant literature, Logau, near Crossen , or Lohe near Breslau are sometimes mentioned - without giving evidence . In the comprehensive publication by Schmilewski (Ulrich Schmilewski: The Silesian Adel until the end of the 13th century . Würzburg 2001. ) on the origin of the Silesian nobility, the Logaus are classified under unknown origin (here p. 83).
  2. ↑ H. Markgraf u. JW Schulte: Liber Fundationis Episcopatus Vratislaviensis (=  Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae . Volume 14 ). Breslau 1889, p. 27, No. A 302 (Unfortunately the place cannot be identified, Zedlitz in the Grottkau district is eliminated).
  3. ^ Colmar Grünhagen: Regesten zur Silesian history, 3rd part (up to the year 1300) (=  Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae . Volume 7 ). Breslau 1886, p. 102-103, no. 2043 .
  4. ^ Gustav Croon: The state constitution of Schweidnitz-Jauer on the history of the estates in Silesia (=  Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae . Volume 27 ). Breslau 1912, p. 69 (About the attempted purchase of Frankenstein and especially the debts left behind).
  5. ^ Joseph Kögler : Historical news from the dominions of Pischkowitz and Coritau in the county of Glatz . Breslau 1869, p. 30 .
  6. ↑ Edemann, p. 259.