Marchena
Marchena municipality | ||
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Marchena - Iglesia San Juan Bautista
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coat of arms | Map of Spain | |
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Basic data | ||
Autonomous Community : | Andalusia | |
Province : | Seville | |
Comarca : | Campiña de Morón y Marchena | |
Coordinates | 37 ° 20 ′ N , 5 ° 25 ′ W | |
Height : | 131 msnm | |
Area : | 378.25 km² | |
Residents : | 19,457 (Jan 1, 2019) | |
Population density : | 51.44 inhabitants / km² | |
Postal code : | E-41620 | |
Municipality number ( INE ): | 41060 | |
administration | ||
Website : | [www.marchena.es Marchena] |
Marchena is a small town in southern Spain with 19,457 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019) in the province of Seville in the autonomous community of Andalusia . The town center was classified as a conjunto histórico-artístico .
location
Marchena is located about 70 kilometers east of the provincial capital Seville and about 143 kilometers northwest of Málaga at an altitude of about 135 m above sea level. d. The climate in winter is temperate, in summer it is warm to hot; the amount of precipitation (approx. 630 mm / year) falls - with the exception of the almost rainless summer months - distributed over the whole year.
Population development
year | 1857 | 1900 | 1950 | 2000 | 2016 |
Residents | 13.005 | 12,468 | 20,326 | 18,086 | 19,773 |
The population of the city or the municipality has only been subject to slight fluctuations since the second half of the 20th century.
economy
Marchena is located in the rural area of the province of Seville, on the right edge of the Guadalquivir valley, bounded by the tributary of the Corbones. 95% of the land is used for agriculture, mainly cereals and olives are grown.
history
Small Neolithic finds were made in the municipality , and Bronze Age ceramic shards were also discovered. In ancient times the area was under Phoenician , later under Carthaginian influence. From Roman times, only the foundations of a country estate ( villa rustica ) have been excavated. Almost nothing is known from the Visigothic times . At the beginning of the 8th century the region was overrun by the Moors ; they called the place Marsenʿah . Around the year 1240 the place was occupied by the troops of Ferdinand III. Recaptured ( reconquista ) by Castile (ruled 1230–1252) and then incorporated into the Kingdom of Seville . In 1309, Marchena came into the possession of Fernando Ponce de León , a Castilian grandee ( ricohombre ) and great-grandson of Alfonso IX. from León . In 1369 the place was devastated by the troops of Muhammad V of Granada . Thereupon the already existing city wall (muralla) was renewed.
Attractions
Churches and monasteries
- San Juan Bautista Church
- The five-aisled church consecrated to John the Baptist (Spanish: Juan Bautista ) was built around 1490 in the Mudéjar style. The altarpiece dates from the 16th century, while the choir was designed in Baroque style from 1715 to 1717 . There is also an exhibition of goldsmithing and embroidery in the church and a collection of nine paintings by Francisco de Zurbarán from 1634. The church has two historic organs .
- San Miguel Church (15th century, Mudejar)
- San Sebastián Church (18th century, Baroque; tower from the 16th century)
- Church of Santa María de la Mota (approx. 1360) with a later increased tower
- Santo Domingo Church (1517)
- The church was founded by Rodrigo Ponce de León II, then Lord of Marchena and Duke of Arcos , who was buried in the church. In addition to the tombs of Ponce and his family, the walls were adorned with tiles in 1638. The altarpiece is from the Renaissance .
- Veracruz Church (15th / 16th century)
- La Concepción Monastery (1623)
- The monastery was built by Rodrigo Ponce de León III. founded.
- San Andrés Monastery (1537)
- San Agustín Monastery (17th century, baroque)
- Santa Clara Monastery (1502)
- Santa Isabel Monastery (16th century)
More Attractions
- Palace of the Dukes of Arcos (18th century)
- historical city fortifications with various towers (including the polygonal Torre del Oro ) and city gates ( Puerta de Morón , Puerta de Sevilla , also called Arco de la Rosa , Puerta del Tiro de Santa María )
Great personalities
- Antonio de Marchena (around 1450–1520), Franciscan brother and sponsor of Christopher Columbus
- Luis de Bolaños (1550–1629), Franciscan brother and missionary in Paraguay
- Lorenzo Coullaut Valera (1876–1932), sculptor
- Pepe Marchena , actually José Tejada Martín (1903–1976), flamenco singer
Web links
- Marchena, sights - photos + brief information (spanish)
- Apuntes históricos de la Villa de Marchena - history and monuments. (PDF; Spanish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
- ↑ Marchena - Map with altitude information
- ↑ Marchena - climate tables
- ↑ Marchena - population development