Marchena

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Marchena municipality
Marchena - Iglesia San Juan Bautista
Marchena - Iglesia San Juan Bautista
coat of arms Map of Spain
Marchena coat of arms
Marchena (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : Andalusia
Province : Seville
Comarca : Campiña de Morón y Marchena
Coordinates 37 ° 20 ′  N , 5 ° 25 ′  W Coordinates: 37 ° 20 ′  N , 5 ° 25 ′  W
Height : 131  msnm
Area : 378.25 km²
Residents : 19,457 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density : 51.44 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : E-41620
Municipality number  ( INE ): 41060
administration
Website : [www.marchena.es Marchena]

Marchena is a small town in southern Spain with 19,457 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019) in the province of Seville in the autonomous community of Andalusia . The town center was classified as a conjunto histórico-artístico .

location

Marchena is located about 70 kilometers east of the provincial capital Seville and about 143 kilometers northwest of Málaga at an altitude of about 135 m above sea level. d. The climate in winter is temperate, in summer it is warm to hot; the amount of precipitation (approx. 630 mm / year) falls - with the exception of the almost rainless summer months - distributed over the whole year.

Population development

year 1857 1900 1950 2000 2016
Residents 13.005 12,468 20,326 18,086 19,773

The population of the city or the municipality has only been subject to slight fluctuations since the second half of the 20th century.

economy

Marchena is located in the rural area of ​​the province of Seville, on the right edge of the Guadalquivir valley, bounded by the tributary of the Corbones. 95% of the land is used for agriculture, mainly cereals and olives are grown.

history

Small Neolithic finds were made in the municipality , and Bronze Age ceramic shards were also discovered. In ancient times the area was under Phoenician , later under Carthaginian influence. From Roman times, only the foundations of a country estate ( villa rustica ) have been excavated. Almost nothing is known from the Visigothic times . At the beginning of the 8th century the region was overrun by the Moors ; they called the place Marsenʿah . Around the year 1240 the place was occupied by the troops of Ferdinand III. Recaptured ( reconquista ) by Castile (ruled 1230–1252) and then incorporated into the Kingdom of Seville . In 1309, Marchena came into the possession of Fernando Ponce de León , a Castilian grandee ( ricohombre ) and great-grandson of Alfonso IX. from León . In 1369 the place was devastated by the troops of Muhammad V of Granada . Thereupon the already existing city ​​wall (muralla) was renewed.

Attractions

Churches and monasteries

  • San Juan Bautista Church
The five-aisled church consecrated to John the Baptist (Spanish: Juan Bautista ) was built around 1490 in the Mudéjar style. The altarpiece dates from the 16th century, while the choir was designed in Baroque style from 1715 to 1717 . There is also an exhibition of goldsmithing and embroidery in the church and a collection of nine paintings by Francisco de Zurbarán from 1634. The church has two historic organs .
Church of Santa María de la Mota
  • San Miguel Church (15th century, Mudejar)
  • San Sebastián Church (18th century, Baroque; tower from the 16th century)
  • Church of Santa María de la Mota (approx. 1360) with a later increased tower
  • Santo Domingo Church (1517)
The church was founded by Rodrigo Ponce de León II, then Lord of Marchena and Duke of Arcos , who was buried in the church. In addition to the tombs of Ponce and his family, the walls were adorned with tiles in 1638. The altarpiece is from the Renaissance .
  • Veracruz Church (15th / 16th century)
  • La Concepción Monastery (1623)
The monastery was built by Rodrigo Ponce de León III. founded.
  • San Andrés Monastery (1537)
  • San Agustín Monastery (17th century, baroque)
  • Santa Clara Monastery (1502)
  • Santa Isabel Monastery (16th century)

More Attractions

  • Palace of the Dukes of Arcos (18th century)
  • historical city fortifications with various towers (including the polygonal Torre del Oro ) and city gates ( Puerta de Morón , Puerta de Sevilla , also called Arco de la Rosa , Puerta del Tiro de Santa María )

Great personalities

Web links

Commons : Marchena  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. Marchena - Map with altitude information
  3. Marchena - climate tables
  4. Marchena - population development