Morón de la Frontera

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Morón de la Frontera municipality
coat of arms Map of Spain
Coat of arms of Morón de la Frontera
Morón de la Frontera (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : Andalusia
Province : Seville
Comarca : Campiña de Morón y Marchena
Coordinates 37 ° 7 ′  N , 5 ° 27 ′  W Coordinates: 37 ° 7 ′  N , 5 ° 27 ′  W
Height : 297  msnm
Area : 431.94 km²
Residents : 27,627 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Population density : 63.96 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 41530
Municipality number  ( INE ): 41065
administration
Mayor : Juan Manuel Rodríguez ( PSOE )
town hall of Morón

Morón de la Frontera is a Spanish city and municipality in the province of Seville.

City history

Antiquity

Between the end of early history and the Romanization of the Iberian Peninsula, various pre-Romanesque peoples founded their first settlements there. Even Celts , Iberians , Tartessians and Phoenicians were present here as v Money finds dating back to 1700s. Chr. Can be found. This is also confirmed by the finds of sarcophagi and architectural remains . From the initially Celtic village, Morón grew into a Phoenician settlement during a city center expansion. The city was mentioned as Arunci by the Roman historian Pliny , although some contemporary historians believed that Isipo was meant. From 218 BC The Romans began to seize the land in Ampuria and in the course of this, Morón was conquered for a few years around 206 BC. BC, including the province of "otherworldly Hispania". The settlement of the Romanes in the already existing city gained importance at the time and Morón grew to the size of the center today. In addition, the first farms and Roman villas were formed and large estates were installed in the countryside . When the conquests of the Roman Empire ended in the 3rd century AD, the region initially fell into a serious crisis. With the purpose of showing a more effective defense against the barbarian peoples of Northern Europe, Emperor Theodosius I divided the land between his sons in 395 ( Occident and Orient ). This state then remained until 476, when the Occident finally fell and was divided among various barbarian peoples.

middle Ages

Ferdinand III. King of Castile

In the first centuries of the Middle Ages, Morón was largely in Iberian territory and under Visigothic hands. Finally, under Germanic rule, an early Christian basilica was built, which was considered the oldest in Andalusia at the time . The Iglesia de San Miguel was later built on this site. At the beginning of the 8th century, the Moors took advantage of the internal disputes of the Visigoths and invaded the peninsula. In an early phase of the occupation, the Berbers spread across the Andalusian bay and occupied the old centers in the area. Characterized by a respectful treatment of property and church, administration, as well as the preservation of privileges , the Moorish conquest went very quickly and without resistance from the locals. However, the residents of the occupied area had to pay tribute as part of the lease . During the five centuries under the Moorish rule, a politically and culturally important document was written in Morón, in which the Roman name of the city of Maurorum was replaced by Mawrur . The Roman villas in the country were occupied by the Arabs, who drove agriculture there through irrigation canals and the removal of fruit and olive trees, and the workhouses were transformed into Islamic farms with the Grundhold system. After the Caliphate of Córdoba collapsed in 1008, the Banu Dammar family , a Berber family of the Zanata dynasty led by Nuh ben Abi Tuziri , achieved the division of Móron through their influence. After the removal of the Umayyad governor, who ruled there, in 1014 they proclaimed independence and the introduction of a typhoon kingdom in Móron. It thus belonged to the smaller typhoon kingdoms , such as in the Algarve , Algeciras , Arcos, Carmona, Huelva , Mértola , Niebla , Ronda and Silves . These were all conquered and incorporated into the Kingdom of Seville . The Banu Dammar dynasty ruled until 1066 when the city was conquered again by Al-Mutadid , king of the Typhoon Kingdom of Seville. On July 22nd, 1240 the castellan troops of Ferdinand III finally conquered . from Castile the city of Morón. It can be assumed that the city was subject to a surrender treaty between the two parties, as Moorish families, such as the Mudejars , were still allowed to stay there, to stay and to carry out their activities as farmers or craftsmen. From now on, due to its location, the city formed a military-strategic base on the Banda Morsica and, due to its membership of the Frontera de Granada de, was given the title “de la Frontera”. There the Reconquista extended until the end of the 15th century. Alfonso X gave the city and the castle of Moróns to the city of Seville in 1253 on condition that the Spanish capital took over the defense of the fortifications. When the expenses could not be covered years later, Morón de la Frontera returned to the possession of Seville and was thus part of the Corona de Castilla until 1285 . Now Sancho IV introduced the manorial rule there and awarded the city to the Alcántara order. In 1378 it fell again to the Corona under Henry II of Castile . From 1461 Morón was finally part of the House of Téllez-Girón, who exercised sovereignty in the Sevillian territory until the abolition of manorial power.

Early modern age

The 16th century was marked by the great prosperity of the Morón residents, after which numerous public buildings were given a water supply. In addition, they built monasteries, hospitals, churches and palaces. The expansion of squares and streets was pushed ahead, the infrastructure renovated and the first quarters outside the walls of the city, such as Puerta Sevilla, San Miguel and Santa Maria, were built. Under the rule of Philip II of Spain , the region's economic boom came to a standstill. When Pedro Téllez Girón became Duke of Osuna in 1562 , the city remained integrated into the duchy and reforms left room for controversy between Moors . However, the old Arab castle was also converted into an apartment at this time. In this epoch, the Moors also brought with them the aftermath of the second uprising in the Alpujarras (1568–1571). Due to the strength of Christianity and increasing pressure, Muslims had to convert. This uprising quickly spread throughout Andalusia until the problem of expelling the Moors was resolved in 1609. The plague and those political problems in connection with the Spanish Habsburg minority were particularly influential in the 17th century . At this time, the economic boom came to an end, which should also point the way for the following century. In the long reign of Charles III. of Spain between 1759 and 1788, took a special interest in repopulation in the area and brought important works to the headland that improved the infrastructure.

Latest story

Morón Airport

The contemporary era began with the French invasion . The French established an important garrison in Ronda , after which the command was transferred to Morón de la Frontera, Zahara de la Sierra and Olvera . In 1810, Napoléon's troops finally marched into Morón de la Frontera, which plunged the city into chaos for more than two years and also led to the ruin of the castle. The French troops used the Arab castle as quarters. In 1812, shortly before the end of the fighting, the soldiers blew up parts of the fortress. In the 19th century, the political and social life of the population reflected what was happening in the region. In Morón, as in the rest of the area, there was strong opposition in the dispute between the conservatives and progressives , as well as class struggles , satirical-political daily newspapers, protests and strikes. The industrialization takes place in the area feeder. With the construction of the railway line in 1864 between Seville , Utrera and finally Osuna, the introduction of the first local newspaper La Razón in 1885 and the approval of the title of city by Queen Maria Christina of Austria in 1894. At the beginning of the 20th century the city grew northwards there is a supply of drinking water and public lighting. The construction of the railway set the course for industrialization in Morón. The cement factory, which was only the third in all of Spain in 1920, created 500 jobs. The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939 also brought suffering and hunger for the citizens of Morón, and in the post-war period there were also strong social tensions, largely due to the economic character of the city. The predominantly agricultural area offered few opportunities for industrialization in the limited space. In 1940 the construction of the Morón military airfield began , which was then particularly important during the Cold War. In the period that followed, there was both urban development and demographic growth in the city, as well as the development of commercial cities overseas. In the period between 1960 and 1970 there was an emigration of the population due to unemployment , which is rated as a sudden change without a trade embargo or similar. The emigrants emigrated domestically to Madrid , Catalonia , Valencia or Mallorca or to France , Germany , Belgium or Switzerland .

Web links

Commons : Morón de la Frontera  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. ↑ Consejo General Procuradores de España (ed.). «Morón de la Frontera, partido judicial número siete de Sevilla». Accessed August 7, 2012.
  3. ^ "Historia y Cultura". Ayuntamiento de Morón de la Frontera. Accessed August 27, 2012.
  4. ^ "Historia de Morón de la Frontera". Seville info. 2009. Accessed August 27, 2012.
  5. ↑ Abad Casal, Lorenzo. Arte Hispalense: Pinturas romanas en Sevilla 21. Diputación Provincial de Sevilla. ISBN 84-500-3309-8 .
  6. ^ "Breve historia de Morón". Junta de Andalucía. Accessed August 28, 2012.
  7. ↑ Blázquez Martínez, José María (1990). El último siglo de la España romana (284-409). Madrid: Alianza. p. 113. ISBN 84-206-2347-4 .
  8. ^ Gutiérrez, Francisco (2012). «Morón, un paraíso en la campiña». Diario Sur. Accessed August 28, 2012.
  9. ↑ Vera Reina, Manuel (1999). "La iglesia visigoda de Morón de la Frontera". Universidad de La Rioja. Accessed August 28, 2012.
  10. ^ "Historia y Cultura". Ayuntamiento de Morón de la Frontera. Accessed August 27, 2012.
  11. ↑ Menéndez Pidal, Ramón (1999). «Los Reinos de Taifas». Historia de España VIII. P. 51.
  12. ^ Castillo Cáceres, Fernando (1999). "The funcionalidad de un espacio: the frontera granadina en el siglo XV". Espacio, tiempo y forma. Series III, Historia medieval 12: 47-64. ISSN 0214-9745. Accessed August 29, 2012.
  13. ^ "Historia y Cultura". Ayuntamiento de Morón de la Frontera. Accessed August 27, 2012.
  14. ↑ Historia de Morón de la Frontera. Sevilleweb.info. 2009.
  15. ^ "Breve historia de Morón". Junta de Andalucía. Accessed August 28, 2012.
  16. ↑ Domínguez Ortiz, Antonio (2005). Carlos III y la España de la Ilustración. Alianza Editorial. ISBN 84-206-5970-3 .
  17. ^ "Historia de Morón de la Frontera". Seville info. 2009. Accessed August 27, 2012.
  18. ^ "Historia y Cultura". Ayuntamiento de Morón de la Frontera. Accessed August 27, 2012.
  19. ^ "Breve historia de Morón". Junta de Andalucía. Accessed August 28, 2012.
  20. ^ García Márquez, José María (diciembre de 2004). "The French Representation in the Provincia of Seville". Ebre (38): 87.
  21. ^ Aróstegui Sánchez, J .; García Sebastián, M. (2010). "El Franquismo: La construcción de una dictadura (1939-1959)". Historia de España 14. Vicens Vives. p. 332. ISBN 978-84316-9261-2 .
  22. ^ Aróstegui Sánchez, J .; García Sebastián, M. (2010). "El Franquismo: Crecimiento económico e inmovilismo político (1959-1975)". Historia de España 15. Vicens Vives. pp. 358-359. ISBN 978-84316-9261-2 .