Maria Pfäffinger

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Ursula Pfäffinger, protected by St. Andrew (stained glass window in Salmanskirchen church )

Maria Pfäffinger (other spelling: Pfaffinger ; * September 7, 1463 at Wildenheim Castle; † probably October 28, 1528 in the Frauenchiemsee Benedictine monastery) was the 35th abbess of the Frauenchiemsee monastery under the name Ursula and was in charge of it from 1494 to 1528.

Live and act

She belonged to the Pfäffinger family and was the daughter of Gentiflor Pfäffinger and Magdalena Huberin von Wildenheim. The Wild Home Castle , where she was born, was the castle of the parents of her mother Magdalena Huber of wild Haim. When she became heavily pregnant with Ursula in 1463, the old Salmanskirchen castle, which was located on the hill next to the church, burned down. Magdalena therefore gave birth to Ursula in Wildenheim.

Ursula entered the monastery on the island of Frauenchiemsee at a young age and was elected abbess there on October 30, 1494 at the age of 31. The election was confirmed on November 8, 1494 by the Archbishop of Salzburg, in whose ecclesiastical jurisdiction the monastery was located. The next day her bishop issued Georg von Chiemsee in the monastery church of the Abbey to St. Peter in Salzburg benediction . It was first mentioned in a document on November 17, 1494.

She is in good company: the abbess ranks name the most outstanding noble families of the Middle Ages in the region, such as the v. Schönstätt, Zaisering, Truchtlaching, Torer, Hampersdorfer, Kallensberger, Laiminger, Aichberger, Auer v. Angle, v. Bodmann, v. Perfall, v. Grimming, v. Scharfsedt, v. Thann, v. Giensheim, Offenheim and the imperial counts v. Hörwarth. There is even a Habsburg woman among the abbesses. The few names of the convent women who have saved themselves from the Middle Ages are also distinguished by their high nobility. From the Engillind in the 10th century down to the abolition of the monastery in 1803, the daughters of the high and low nobility are represented in Chiemsee. As a rule, even the nobility according to mutual descent was required.

The monastery took it over in a bad economic condition. In order to be able to pay the costs of her consecration, she still has to borrow 200 guilders and pay 28 ducats to the Archbishop of Salzburg as consecration tax. In her first year in office, "a big death" breaks out on Fraueninsel: the plague. Many people succumb to it. In the monastery, too, four women and a novice die, from the servants the cellar master and a few servants.

As early as 1501 the convent, including the abbess, consisted of 19 women choirs and several lay sisters, two of whom are known by name. In comparison to the strength of the convent in the further 16th century, Frauenchiemsee was in a good position at that time.

The eunuchs and provosts were not always a strong link in the administrative chain, some of whom also liked to work into their own pockets. In 1497 she went, possibly not for the first time, but this time to Dreikönig , i.e. in the harshest winter, to the property of the monastery in Tyrol, in order to discover and punish undermining and to reassign or renew fiefdoms. It takes courage to make the effort of a ride over mule tracks in the mountains and even over the Brennerstraße, where you had to be prepared for an attack at any moment. In order to have a reliable and at the same time unsuspicious male companion, she asks her father Gentiflor for this service. She herself writes about it: "ltem fueren we then in obemelten jar (note: 1495) in the pirg gein Ynspruck, her Cristoff von Freyberg vnnd her Gennflor, our father, with vnns, (and) lichen that vnsers gotshawß lechen ..." ("So in the year mentioned I drove to the mountains in the direction of Innsbruck, where I was accompanied by Mr. Christoph von Freyberg and Mr. Gentiflor, my father, to award the monastery fiefdom.")

During this time the monastery owned goods such as B. the Propstei Buch am Erlbach near Landshut, but also in the judicial districts of Trostberg , Kling (today a district of Saaldorf-Surheim ), Traunstein , Rosenheim , Kufstein , Rattenberg and a few more.

She takes the trip because various grievances have crept in. The taxes in the Leukental have become so low that they asks each individual subject what he “administers in terms of pen and validity”, that is, what taxes they pay. It turned out that the provost of the monastery calculated 15 guilders too little annually. He must compensate for the damage and pay a fine of 50 florins. She also finds such embezzlement in other places where she collects the taxes personally.

With such careful management, she succeeds in reducing the monastery's debt burden. Soon she will be able to buy some goods again and perform various buildings. In 1508 the first farm was sold again.

The Landshut War of Succession in 1504 is the dispute between the Wittelsbach lines in Bavaria and the Palatinate over the succession in Landshut after the death of Duke George the Rich . Ursula does everything to avert the immediate consequences of the war from her place of worship. She calls her battle-hardened cousin, knight Hans III. von Herzheim (whose mother Veronika is a sister of Ursula's father Gentiflor) as commandant and has the island expanded into a small fortress. This is fortified with stilts, two gates are erected and nine guns are set up.

In this way she was able to grant asylum to a large number of fugitive families. The pen itself was spared hostile attacks, albeit with luck. The troops of the Palatinate Party plant their flags at Stein Castle on the Traun . Later they row across the lake and set fire to the Klosterstadl on the Krautinsel . But the people of the Palatinate are in a hurry and finally leave and leave the nuns alone. Abbess Ursula also made a contribution to contemporary history: she wrote a diary about the war events at that time, which is printed in Volume VIII of the Upper Bavarian Archive for Patriotic History .

Based on Emperor Maximilian I. Declaration of eight against Duke Ruprecht, the Frundsbergers attack the goods of the monastery in Ötztal and Gilg der Frohnheimer attack those in Leukental, although they have a letter of protection from the emperor in their hands. Only with great effort and at great expense can the monastery later regain possession of its goods. To compensate at least to some extent, the emperor, who allegedly hunts for chamois in the Tyrolean mountains and has taken too little care of the country's needs, exempts the monastery from the May and autumn taxes of 18 pfennigs due in May and autumn on November 1, 1506. If you put a pound of pfennigs at about 240 pfennigs, the total is 4,320 pfennigs. For this sum one could have employed a day laborer for a whole year, or bought 540 pairs of shoes or as many chickens, or bought 432 kg of beef (ready-to-eat).

She knew how to use her good relationships with the nobility for the monastery. After a charter granted Duke Wolfgang of Bavaria "at the request of our uncle the Elector Frederick of Saxony ," the pen a large fish net, a so-called " scooping ".

Conversely, the convent income (day year, were Seelgerät etc.) zugestiftet. During the reign of Ursula Pfäffinger eight foundations fell, three of them by the abbess and the convent itself. The abbess prescribed one of them to her brother, knight Degenhart Pfäffinger, because he had done a great deal to the monastery. With the spread of the Reformation ideas, however, the foundation's activities abruptly broke off: after 1523 no more memory was used, the next foundation did not take place until 1603.

The brotherhood of the monastery, which Abbess Magdalena von Auer (1467–1494) had established, was dedicated to the memory of the deceased, but especially the redemption of poor souls from purgatory. Ursula Pfäffinger confirmed it.

Another custom of medieval piety was the brotherhood of prayer among monasteries. This assurance of prayer and spiritual strengthening served not only religious goals but also the mutual exchange of information, for example about deceased conventuals. So on October 24th, 1501 Ursula announced the death of two sisters and other people in the monastery to befriended monasteries and asked for prayer. Similarly, her letter to the befriended monasteries of November 15, 1512.

These fraternities also strengthened the monastic self-confidence. Under Abbess Ursula Pfäffinger, new prayer fraternities with the monasteries Ebersberg , Attel , Berchtesgaden , the Austrian province of the Carmelites , the monasteries Altenhohenau and Wilten , the Dominicans in Landshut , and the monasteries St. Peter in Salzburg and Tegernsee were established in addition to the existing contacts . However, similar to the foundations, the fraternization phase ended after 1514 and did not come back to life until the end of the 16th century.

A privilege of Pope Alexander VI. of March 31, 1500 allows women to eat meat three days a week and, on the other days, with the exception of Holy Week, to use lacticines [note: dairy products]. Through the advocacy of Dr. Johann von Staupitz was granted further privileges to the monastery. They were allowed to consume lacticines during Lent and Jejunium days and to consume meat in case of illness. From 1507 they were also allowed to wear linen again. On the one hand, the most annoying rules of the Melk rule were dropped , on the other hand, the awareness of the old strictness had long since ceased to exist. When Ursula reintroduced the winder in the year 1500, "the year of grace" ( jubilee year ), not everyone in the monastery agrees to return to the strict enclosure: "gevell nit ydem man woll" ("not everyone likes") writes the abbess.

We know from the rescued inventories of the paraments , liturgical implements and precious objects that were withdrawn from the monastery during the Bavarian secularization . With reference to Ursula Pfäffinger, it includes: A large silver bust reliquary of St. Anna with the coat of arms of Abbess Ursula and the abbey and a silver Madonna and Child, donated by the Herzhaimer family, who are related to the Pfäffingers. The dedication of this Madonna could be related to the anniversary foundation by Hans Herzhaimer on October 14th, 1503, or possibly also a note of thanks, since Abbess Ursula Pfäffinger gave her cousins ​​Knight Hanns von Dachsperg part of her paternal legacy with the knowledge and approval of her convent on February 22nd, 1523 and knight Hanns III. Herzhaimer had left.

Abbess Ursula probably received as a gift on her trip to Tyrol to see Dreikönig in 1495 the silver scourer with the coat of arms of Duke Sigmund, his wife Katharina von Sachsen, the abbess Ursula and the abbey mentioned in an inventory from 1551. The coats of arms of the abbess and the abbey may also have been attached later. The “silver inventory of the Frauenchiemsee Abbey” notes this barn in the first place as follows: “First of all, it is covered with a Luckh inside and outside with a Luckh [note: Luck (also Überluck) = lid.], Inside four coats of arms Austria, Sachssen, Chiembsee vnnd Pfäffing. "

In a similar context, an Andreas reliquary with the coat of arms of Catherine of Saxony could have come into the possession of the monastery.

In the said "silver inventory of the Frauenchiemsee Abbey" there is also, and initially in the secular area:

  • Mer a high silver pecher, gilded inside and outside, on three feet sambt ainem Vberluckh, with Chiemsee and Pfäffinger coats of arms. (Also a tall silver cup, gold-plated outside and inside, on three feet with a lid, with the Chiemseer and Pfäffinger coats of arms.)
  • Ainen Khnorten tribute silver high pitchers on a praitten feet sambt ainem Vberluckh, everything inside and outside gilded, with Pfäffinger coat of arms. (A hump-walled, silver, tall cup on a broad base with a lid, completely gilded inside and out, with the Pfäffinger coat of arms.)
  • Four silvery Essich bowls with gilded rings and Pfeffinger coat of arms. (Four silver vinegar bowls with gold-plated rings and the Pfäffinger coat of arms.)
  • A silver spoon with gilded inside and outside, on it a still, the Jarzall 1497. (A silver spoon with a handle and the year 1497, gilded inside and outside.)
  • Six spoons with silver, gullied breastfeeds and Pfäffinger coat of arms. (Six spoons with silver, gold-plated handles and the Pfäffinger coat of arms.)

The same "Siber inventory of the Frauenchiemsee Abbey" is assigned to the sacristy, i.e. the spiritual area:

  • Ain large Pildt sand Anna with Chiemsee and Pfäffinger coats of arms. (A large picture of Saint Anne with the Chiemseer and Pfäffinger coats of arms.)
  • A silver panel with two hatches and Chiemseer and Pfeffinger coats of arms. (A small silver plaque with two canopies and the Chiemseer and Pfäffinger coats of arms.)
  • Ain silver Andreas with the Duke of Saxony coat of arms. (A silver Saint Andrew with the coat of arms of the Duke of Saxony.) It could be a gift from her brother Degenhart's employer, Elector Friedrich III. the wise man of Saxony. (Although Friedrich III was not, strictly speaking, a duke. However, he did have the Saxon coat of arms with the diamond-shaped wreath and this in itself was a ducal coat of arms. In addition, the generation of rulers of Saxony in government was only the second after the division of lines into the ducal Albertine and the electoral Albertine line. This was not taken very seriously.)
  • Mer ain Maria pilt with Herzhaimer coat of arms. (Also a picture of Mary with the Herzheimer coat of arms.) Probably a dedication from her cousin Hans III. from Herzheim.

Construction activity

Since she is taking over the monastery buildings in a wretched condition, she has to start building and renovating in many places. In the early years of her reign, the abbess developed a wealth of building activity:

  • In 1494, immediately after her election, she continued the reconstruction of the monastery church, which burned down in 1491.
  • In 1496, the abbess or institute chapel, built in 1476/77 together with the Gothic apostles chapel below, was completely decorated. The monastery coat of arms, including the year 1476 and the coat of arms of the parents of the builder of the chapel, the abbess Magdalena Auer von Winkel , and then the year 1496 and again the coat of arms of the parents of the abbess Ursula, namely Pfäffinger (destroyed) , was at the top of the arch. and Hueber von Wildenheim attached. In 1513, in connection with a reconciliation by Bishop Berthold Pürstinger von Chiemsee, the term "Capella et altare abbatissae" ("Chapel and altar of the abbess") is used.
  • In 1497 she had the servants' houses of the monastery renovated, among other things.
  • In 1499 she made further repairs to the monastery church.
  • In 1500 and 1501 she expanded the monastery buildings.
  • In 1501 she had a new prison built at the Frauenchiemseer Kammerhof in Axams (today so-called Koritlerhaus, 6094 Axams in Tirol, Sylvester Jordan Straße 3), in which she had the people who had damaged the Frauenchiemsee church "plugged", whom she recognized during her visitation trips . The subjects there had to bring in the building materials while the craftsmen received their daily wages. A remnant of the dungeon still existed until a few years ago and was used as a wine cellar. The former Frauenchiemsee chamber courtyard is no longer recognizable as an old administration building due to a recent conversion into an inn.
  • In 1503 the sacristy was renovated
  • In 1503 she turned to the Landtag in Aichach and the government in Landshut for a "zymertewer" (room tax, for example: lumber support) to lay a new threshing floor and repair a roof structure. It was granted and the subjects had to raise the timber in the Grassau Valley. The wood was brought to the island with great difficulty across the frozen lake, and the abbess had this immortalized for posterity, "so that the Aigelsbuch would be spared in the future and a room tax would also be earned in the future in the event of any construction work".
  • In 1505 she had the roof of the church covered with tiles: "Was that the first brick roof that was at our church?" Is noted. It is obviously duly proud of this important new roofing, which was very expensive at the time, because it reduced the risk of fire and extended the life of the roof.
  • In 1506 a new bathhouse was built to meet the increased hygiene requirements.
  • In 1506/07 Abbess Ursula replaced the wooden building of the "Bräuhaus", which now houses school and seminar rooms, guest rooms and cellars. In the Middle Ages, a wooden grain box of the monastery was built in stone by master Ulrich Häntler, the younger of Burghausen.
  • In 1507 a new box was built.
  • In 1509 she begins to rebuild the former utility building, now the "Klosterwirt". It is the remaining middle section of a larger building complex comprising the Maier or Knechtshaus including the monastery stables. It partially replaces the outdated wooden farm buildings with stone buildings. On the south side there is a red limestone as a "building board" with the year 1514, the year the construction was completed, and an angel holding the double coat of arms (pin and Pfäffinger).
  • In 1513, on April 2, the Chiemsee Bishop Berthold Pürstinger (1508 to 1525) consecrated two chapels in honor of Saints Michael and Nicholas and on April 4, 1513 a chapel in honor of Saint Martin.
  • Under their government and at their instigation, the church in Mauerkirchen , a house in Innsbruck , a tavern in Seebruck and various other buildings were built on the Fraueninsel.

She also bought new ornaments and goblets.

Personal and family

On St. Martin's Day, December 12, 1514, Hans III von Herzheim, one of Ursula's closest relatives, came to the island. He has a large fishing basket with him that he has carried to the monastery. She opens the basket, whereupon a little girl smiles at her. The child was Herzheimer's three-year-old daughter Euphrosine . It had lost its mother, Ehrentraud von Waging, nine days after its birth and from then on it was brought up by its aunt in the monastery. Not entirely free, however. She concludes a contract with Herzheimer according to which his daughter Euphrosyne should be educated and educated in the monastery for an annual pension of 400 Rhenish guilders. For this amount one could have bought about 200 cattle or 40 horses. Ursula entrusted the actual care and upbringing of the child to the dean Ursula Hinzhauser, who "brought up the child with great diligence and virtue".

After the death of her brother Degenhart on July 3, 1519, she was one of his heirs. Your co-heirs and cousins ​​Hans III. von Herzheim and Hans Georg von Dachsberg leave them to u. a. Your shares in the Salmanskirchen and Zangberg castles. On the other hand, she leaves her native Wildenheim castle to her monastery. Until the beginning of the 17th century, “The monasteries around Neufraunhofen and Wilnhalm - 17th office”, ie tax lists and quotas from this property, still appear. Among other things, the monastery obtained geese from Wilnhalm, where an entire farm stood. The monastery itself owned the Wildenhaim noble estate (which has long since been lost) until at least 1523.

Under Abbess Magdalena Haidenbucher , a list of donations was drawn up in the first half of the 17th century, which the Frauenchiemsee Monastery has distributed annually to the poor and needy since ancient times. Among them is a bread donation from the Abbess Ursula Pfäffinger: Every quarter of the year in Quatember , around 1,000 loaves of bread (approx. 600 g each) were baked from 12 metzels of grain and distributed to the poor. Despite the vow of personal poverty, the convent women had their own income and property that allowed such foundations. In addition to the common income of the monastery, each woman had her own benefice at her disposal, from which she could meet her additional needs. She brought these benefices with her as trousseau when she entered the monastery, and she lived from her income. The women were entitled to a share of the donated, that is to say the monastery tax-secured natural items, which were distributed over the year. A so-called imperial order from 1527, i.e. still during Ursula's term of office, regulates these claims.

Resignation and death

At the end of her life, presumably in 1528, Ursula gave up in the truest sense of the word: she resigned her office and resigned as abbess. Her untrue painting portrait on a wooden panel in the abbess corridor of the Frauenchiemsee monastery was made around 1600. It bears the note: "Ain and drryssigste abbotess was Mrs. Ursula von Pfäffing from 1494 until the 1528 jar headed the closter." Nevertheless, some authors do not want to begin their resignation until 1529. Unfortunately, there are no precise documents. Johann Doll describes this resignation as "voluntary, probably because of illness and age". Ursula was 65 years old in 1528.

Ursula was last mentioned in a document on January 2nd, 1528 . She dies on October 28th . The year cannot be clearly determined, in any case it is missing on Ursula's tombstone. There is much to suggest that it was in 1528. However, it could also have been the following years, at the latest in 1532.

The late Middle Ages, which the abbess herself embodied, ended in Frauenchiemsee with her death after 34 years of reign: she had honestly taken care of her monastery, religious life and monastery property. She could not prevent the Reformation ideas from penetrating and the unrest that came with them on the Fraueninsel, as the case of Mrs. Euphrosina Herzheimer shows.

Johann Doll still suspects that her resignation may be related to her brother's turn to Lutheranism. This view, or better: this suspicion, has persisted for a long time, but has been refuted by research in recent years. In 2002, the Protestant Manfred Fischer, who was completely unsuspicious in this regard, impressively demonstrates that there is no indication that the Electoral Saxon councilor and innermost treasurer Degenhart Pfäffinger, whom Martin Luther evidently did not appreciate at all, turned to the new doctrine, rather everything to it suggests that Degenhart actually remained a faithful Catholic until his last breath. He literally states: “And this Degenhart Pfeffinger, a believing man who was arrested by the old church and its regulations, should have been a patron, perhaps a friend of Martin Luther? The man who began to shake many of those traditional forms and rules of belief in the Church. In any case, history does not paint a clear picture of this, that much has to be stated in advance. "

Ursula probably met Luther in Eisleben in April or May 1516 . On June 8, 1516, Luther wrote in a letter to Georg Spalatin : “And don't let it get you that what your prince and you are planning to do is absolutely secret; Long before I saw your letter, I heard that the venerable father was asked to be a bishop (if I remember correctly) “to see Kim. But this is what your letter and Pfeffingers', yes also that of his sister, the abbess whom I saw at Eisleben are about, if I didn't have the wrong scent. ”But if Luther should actually have met a sister of Degenhart in Eisleben , then it must have been Ursula, because at this point Regina had been dead for almost two months and at least had not been abbess for two months.

Georg Lohmeier's view, expressed in 1998, seems downright grotesque, and he claims in all seriousness: “The good and learned woman ruled the island monastery during Luther's time, and as a friend of the Reformation got under the wheels. Because her brother Degenhart Pfeffinger, Lower Bavarian Hereditary Marshal and the last of his blood line, was a patron and friend of Martin Luther. He [...] appointed Martin Luther, even paid him his doctorate at the University of Leipzig and stood on the side of the reformer at the Reichstag. He even wanted to create Luther bishop of Chiemsee with his sister, the abbess Ursula Pfeffingerin auf Frauenwörth. What Luther had already rejected in 1519. Degenhart died in 1519. The Regensburg resolutions of the Roman legate in 1525 strictly forbade any relationship to Lutheranism. The following Salzburg synodal resolutions made even stronger. That is why she had to abdicate Ursula Pfeffingerin, the sister of the Luther friend. Suddenly another wind blew. Ursula's sister, Regina, the abbess on the Nonnberg above Salzburg, is the same. "

  1. On the question of whether Degenhart had become a "Lutheran", see Manfred Fischer above.
  2. Martin Luther was transferred to the newly founded University of Wittenberg, the Alma Mater Leucorea , from Elector Friederich III. directly appointed by Saxony, he also paid his doctoral fee of 50,000 florins, which was only given to Luther by Degenhart Pfäffinger on his behalf. Luther's receipt for this is, by the way, the oldest of his handwritten documents in German.
  3. Of course, Luther also received his doctorate theologiae from the Alma Mater Leucorea zu Wittenberg and not, as Lohmeier claims, in Leipzig.
  4. During Degenhart's lifetime, only the Diet of Augsburg in 1518 dealt with Martin Luther. At this Reichstag Degenhart was not on Luther's side, but represented the cause of his electoral lord. However, this himself stood on Luther's side. But to derive an attitude of Degenhart from this means that he did not understand the essence of officialdom.
  5. Never and no one ever tried to make Luther bishop of anywhere. However, there were efforts by Elector Friedrich, Luther's monastery head, to make the Augustinian hermit Johann von Staupitz bishop of Chiemsee, which Luther addressed Spalatin in the above-mentioned letter to Georg Spalatin of June 8, 1516, i.e. before the theses were posted shows indignant because he fears it will be corrupted.
  6. What the Regensburg resolutions of the Roman legate in 1525 are supposed to have to do with Ursula's resignation only 3 years (!) Later remains a mystery, as is the connection with the Salzburg synodical resolutions.
  7. The fact that Ursula's sister Regina "went the same way" is a prime example of sloppy research and a lack of scientific honesty: Regina resigned as early as 1514 and died on April 23, 1516. As is well known, the 95 theses were not posted until October 31, 1517. So much historical knowledge should one be allowed to expect a gentleman who allegedly cares so much about Bavaria and its history.

We do not know exactly where Ursula Pfäffinger was buried. There is no abbess crypt in Frauenchiemsee. You can find your landscape-format memorial stone in the monastery church on the left wall in the front right part of the ambulatory. In the left field (as seen by the observer) it shows Saint Andras and at his feet the abbess kneeling and praying devoutly in front of a pieta in the right field.

Peter Bomhard says: "The relief field is halved; on the outside and in the middle a tree trunk is attached, from which tendril branches grow that form arches over the two relief surfaces. In the left field: the kneeling abbess with crook and open book in the Hands, behind her St. Andreas as patron saint, on the outside left a boy (not Putto) with the coat of arms of the Pfäffinger. In the right field: Pieta (Mary with the dead Savior on her knees), on the right outside 'wild man' with the Abbey coat of arms. On the wide frame there is an applied tape, folded in waves, with the relief inscription "

Anno. d (omi) ni. M. quingentesi (m) o / [Note: space for not yet entered date of death] Obyt. venerabilis. in . Cristo. d (omi) na. d (omi) na. vrsula Pfäffingerin. huius. Cenoby. /. abbatissa. Cuius a (n) i (m) a requiescat in. pace. (Translated: In the year of Lord 15 .. the venerable woman died in Christ Mrs. Ursula Pfäffinger, abbess of this monastery. Her soul rest in peace.)

What is remarkable about Ursula's stone is its plasticity and decor. Peter von Bomhard claims to have recognized the same master hand on the epitaphs for Hanns Wertinger († around 1527) and Hanns Herzheimer († 1532), without giving a name. It is also on this stone that a Latin form is used for the last time in an inscription in an abbess's grave in this monastery. Then German prevails.

siblings

Maria alias Ursula Pfäffinger had four (or five) siblings:

  • her brother Bernhard (* before 1462; † 1482) was courtier to King Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary in Prague. He died of the plague unmarried.
  • her sister Regina (* before 1463; † 1516) joined the clergy like Maria and from 1505 to 1514 she was the 42nd abbess of the Benedictine women's monastery in Nonnberg in Salzburg.
  • her brother Degenhart (* 1471; † 1519) had u. a. the last of the family to hold the Hereditary Marshal's Office of Lower Bavaria (Bavaria-Landshut).
  • her sister Anna († 1482) died almost simultaneously with her mother of the plague in Passau.
  • (The occasionally assigned Johannes V. Pfäffinger is legendary. It is likely that it was later confused with a Johannes from the Pfäffinger zum Steeg line. There is no historical mention of him.)

literature

  • Family chronicle of the Pfaffinger from 1515. Bavarian main state archive : From 1200 years .
  • Studies and communications on the history of the Benedictine order and its branches . Bavarian Benedictine Academy , edition 103.
  • Document volume 1506 - 1523.BayHStA KL FCh 95, fol. 35-36.
  • Johann Doll: Frauenwörth in Chiemsee. A study on the history of the Benedictine order. Herdersche Verlagbuchhandlung, Freiburg 1912.
  • Manfred Fischer: Degenhard Pfeffinger from Salmanskirchen, a friend of Martin Luther? In: Das Mühlrad, contributions to the history of the Innau and Isengau , Volume XLIII, year 2001, Mühldorf am Inn, 2002, pp. 61–98.
  • Ernst Geiß: History of the Benedictine nunnery Frauen-Chiemsee: with a view of the monastery buildings; made from documents. 1850, p. 368. (found in: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Sign.Bavar. 4815 m)
  • Ernst Geiß: Relations of the abbess Ursula the Pfäffingerin from Frauen-Chiemsee on the Palatinate-Bavarian War of Succession. In: Upper Bavarian Archive for Patriotic History. 8th volume.
  • Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (eds.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 .
  • Georg Westermayer :  Pfäffinger, Ursula . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, p. 596. (this with reference to Deutinger's contributions I , p. 362–377)
  • Georg Bucelin: Family table of the Pfäffinger, also Pfeffinger, from Salmanskirchen. 1662.
  • Peter Frank: Business book, started 1468. BayHStA KL FCh 88.
  • Carl F. Pfaffinger: The Pfa / effinger. Try about a family. Vienna 1996 (with ongoing additions, manuscript and material collection).
  • Friedrich F. Pfaffinger: The coat of arms of the Pfaffinger. Graphics collection (watercolors and pencil drawings), Vienna approx. 1965.
  • Wiguleus Hundt : Bayrisch Stammenbuch , in three parts and additions by the archivist Libius, first printed in Ingolstadt 1585–1587 by David Sartorius; Unchanged reprint 1999 and name register 2000, Verlag für Kunstreproduktion, Neustadt an der Aisch

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wiguleus Hundt: Bavarian Stammen book. in three parts and additions by the archivist Libius, first printed in Ingolstadt 1585–1587 by David Sartorius; Unchanged reprint 1999 and name register 2000, Verlag für Kunstreproduktion, Neustadt an der Aisch, ISBN 3-89557-106-7 (Part I), ISBN 3-89557-107-5 (Part II), ISBN 3-89557-108-3 (Part III with the additions) and ISBN 3-89557-141-5 (name register).
  2. ^ Georg Westermayer : General German Biography. Vol. 25, Ovens - Philipp, p. 596, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, p. 61.
  3. ↑ Certificate , BayHStA KU FCh 834.
  4. ↑ Ludwig Holzfurtner: The abbesses of the Frauenchiemsee monastery from its founding to the year 1529. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (ed.): Frauenchiemsee monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460 -2 , p. 689.
  5. ↑ Wolfgang Lehner: Upheaval and reorientation - Frauenchiemsee Monastery in the Reformation. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (eds.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 293.
  6. ↑ Raymund Cardinal von Gurk: Letter of indulgence to the Frauenchiemsee monastery. Salzburg, October 8, 1501, BayHStA KU FCh 930.
  7. ^ Letter of death from the Frauenchiemsee monastery to the affiliated monasteries , October 24, 1501, BayHStA KU FCh 931.
  8. ↑ Jolanda Engelbrecht: Economic history of the Frauenchiemsee monastery up to secularization 1803. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (ed.): Frauenchiemsee monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p . 479 ff.
  9. ↑ M. Domitilla Veith OSB: Benedictine life in Frauenchiemsee monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (ed.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 9 f.
  10. ^ Franz Wagner: Historical goldsmith work in the area of ​​the Frauenchiemsee monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (eds.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 619 f; with reference to Peter Frank: business book, started 1468 , BayHStA KL FCh 33.
  11. ↑ Ernst Geiß: Relations of the abbess Ursula the Pfäffingerin from Frauen-Chiemsee on the Palatine-Bavarian War of Succession. In: Upper Bavarian Archive for Patriotic History. 8th volume, 1st issue.
  12. ↑ Jolanda Engelbrecht: Economic history of the Frauenchiemsee monastery up to secularization 1803. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (ed.): Frauenchiemsee monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p 479 ff; with reference to: Peter Frank: business book, started 1468. BayHStA KL FCh 88.
  13. ↑ Document volume acquisitions 1506, 1511, 1515, 1517, 1519 and 1521. BayHStA KL FCh 95, fol. 35-36.
  14. ↑ Wolfgang, Abbot of St. Peter in Salzburg: Sales certificate for several goods to Frauenchiemsee. Salzburg, 1507 March 8th, BayHStA KU FCh 975.
  15. ↑ BayHStA KL FCh 88 fol. 46v.
  16. ^ Johann Doll: Frauenwörth in Chiemsee. A study on the history of the Benedictine order. Herdersche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Freiburg 1912, p. 125.
  17. ^ Georg Westermayer:  Pfäffinger, Ursula . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, p. 596.
  18. ↑ Stiftsbrief , for a soul mass to the Quatembern, in spring clothes worth 4 florins are to be distributed to those in need; February 22, 1523; BayHStA KU FCh 1062.
  19. ^ Directory of the anniversary foundations , 1630; AEM KA 79.3.
  20. ↑ Confirmation certificate, 1496 August 24 , BayHStA KU FCh 850
  21. ^ Leonhard von Keutschach , Archbishop of Salzburg: Confirmation document, 1496 August 30. BayHStA KU FCh 851.
  22. ↑ BayHStA KU FCh 931
  23. ↑ BayHStA KU FCh 1016.
  24. ^ Confirmation certificate Ebersberg , 1498 February 14, BayHStA KU FCh 881.
  25. ^ Confirmation certificate Attl , 1498 April 30, BayHStA KU FCh 885.
  26. ↑ Confirmation certificate Berchtesgaden , 1498 October 14, BayHStA KU FCh 892.
  27. ↑ Confirmation certificate Altenhohenau , 1500 February 5, BayHStA KU FCh 908.
  28. ^ Confirmation document Wilten , 1503 November 1, BayHStA KU FCh 954.
  29. ↑ Confirmation document Landshut , 1504 December 27, BayHStA KU FCh 957.
  30. ^ Confirmation certificate Salzburg , 1506 September 29, BayHStA KU FCh 972.
  31. ↑ Confirmation certificate Tegernsee , 1514 April 24, BayHStA KU FCh 1026.
  32. ^ Franz Wagner: Historical goldsmith work in the area of ​​the Frauenchiemsee monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (eds.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 619 f; citing BayHStA KU FCh 952.
  33. ^ Franz Wagner: Historical goldsmith work in the area of ​​the Frauenchiemsee monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (eds.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 619 f; citing BayHStA, KU FCh 1062.
  34. ↑ Silver Inventory Abbey Frauenchiemsee of 1551. BayHStA KurÄA 4102, fol. 79-81.
  35. ^ Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm: German Dictionary. Volume VIII, R-Schiefe, Leipzig, 1893; In it: "Scheuer: Schauer, Becher, large drinking cup. A word of unknown origin, which is sometimes encountered with, sometimes without umlaut and both masc. and fem.; mhd. schiure, schure, scheur, schaur."
  36. ^ Franz Wagner: Historical goldsmith work in the area of ​​the Frauenchiemsee monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (ed.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 620.
  37. ↑ Silver inventory of the Frauenchiemsee Abbey from 1551 , BayHStA KurÄA 4102, fol. 79v.
  38. ↑ Silver inventory of the Frauenchiemsee Abbey from 1551 , BayHStA KÄA 4102, fol. 80r.
  39. ↑ Silver inventory of the Frauenchiemsee Abbey from 1551 , BayHStA KÄA 4102, fol. 80v.
  40. ↑ Silver inventory of the Frauenchiemsee Abbey from 1551 , BayHStA KÄA 4102, fol. 81r.
  41. ^ Johann Doll: Frauenwörth in Chiemsee. A study on the history of the Benedictine order. Herdersche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Freiburg 1912, p. 34.
  42. ^ Peter von Bomhard and Walter Brugger: Building and Art History of the Frauenchiemsee Monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (eds.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 541 f; with reference to Ernst Geiß: History of the Benedictine nunnery Frauen-Chiemsee: with a view of the monastery buildings; made from documents. 1850, p. 368.
  43. ↑ History book, years 1495 - 1505 , BayHStA KL FCh 88, fol. 33r to 43r, cit. fol. 43r.
  44. ↑ When the church roof was re-covered in 2003–2004, the responsible monument protection authority, however, stipulated wood shingles as "historically correct" material.
  45. ^ Peter von Bomhard and Walter Brugger: Building and Art History of the Frauenchiemsee Monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (Ed.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 536 f.
  46. ↑ History book, years 1506 - 1507. BayHStA KL FCh 88, fol. 43r to 45r.
  47. ^ Peter von Bomhard and Walter Brugger: Building and Art History of the Frauenchiemsee Monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (eds.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 537 f.
  48. ^ Berthold von Pürstinger, Bishop of Chiemsee: Konsekrationsurkunde. Salzburg, 1513 May 13, BayHStA KU FCh 1019.
  49. ^ Johann Doll: Frauenwörth in Chiemsee. A study on the history of the Benedictine order. Herdersche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Freiburg 1912, p. 76.
  50. ^ Johann Doll: Frauenwörth in Chiemsee. A study on the history of the Benedictine order. Herdersche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Freiburg 1912, p. 94.
  51. ↑ Jolanda Engelbrecht: Economic history of the Frauenchiemsee monastery up to secularization 1803. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (ed.): Frauenchiemsee monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p 479 ff; citing: Certificate 1523 February 22 BayHStA KU FCh 1062.
  52. ↑ Jolanda Engelbrecht: Economic history of the Frauenchiemsee monastery up to secularization 1803. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (ed.): Frauenchiemsee monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p 514.
  53. ↑ Visit protocol, 1570 March 10 , AEM KA 78.1; Prod. 1 fol. 3r.
  54. ↑ Frauenchiemseer Reichnisordnung from 1527. BayHStA KL FCh 100, fol. 7-27.
  55. ↑ Manfred Fischer: Degenhard Pfeffinger from Salmanskirchen, a friend of Martin Luther? in: Das Mühlrad, Contributions to the History of the Inn and Isengau, Volume XLIII, Mühldorf am Inn, 2001.
  56. ↑ (BayHStA KU FCh 1081)
  57. ↑ Wolfgang Lehner: Upheaval and reorientation - Frauenchiemsee Monastery in the Reformation. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (eds.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 293.
  58. ↑ Manfred Fischer: Degenhard Pfeffinger from Salmanskirchen, a friend of Martin Luther? in: Das Mühlrad, Contributions to the History of the Inn and Isengau, Volume XLIII, 2001, Mühldorf am Inn, 2002, pp. 61–98.
  59. ↑ Georg Lohmaier: The women island . Reading sample from: Walks in the Chiemgau in: Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 15, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , December 13, 2002 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.werr.com
  60. ^ Peter von Bomhard: Gravestones. 21-page typewritten manuscript with a record of almost all monuments inside the Frauenchiemsee monastery church; mentioned by: Siegrid Düll: Tomb sculpture and epigraphy in the Frauenchiemsee monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (Ed.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 201 ff.
  61. ^ Siegrid Düll: Tomb sculpture and epigraphy in the Frauenchiemsee monastery. In: Walter Brugger, Manfred Weitlauff (Ed.): Frauenchiemsee Monastery 782 - 2003. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weissenhorn 2003, ISBN 3-87437-460-2 , p. 201 ff.
personal data
SURNAME Pfäffinger, Maria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pfäffinger, Ursula
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Abbess at Frauenchiemsee Monastery (1494–1528)
DATE OF BIRTH September 7, 1463
PLACE OF BIRTH Wildenheim Castle
DATE OF DEATH uncertain: October 28, 1528
Place of death Frauenchiemsee