Michael Beuther

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Michael Beuther ( also Michael von Carlstatt ; born October 18, 1522 in Karlstadt , † October 27, 1587 in Strasbourg ) was a German historian, poet, lawyer and civil servant.

Life

Born Michael Beuther, the son of the Würzburg official cellar, he first received lessons in the school in his hometown, then in Würzburg and in Coburg . In 1536 he matriculated at the University of Marburg , was theologically led by his uncle Johann Draconites and taught in the oriental languages, especially in Hebrew.

Also Helius Eobanus Hessus exercised during this period by an intimate relationship a humanistic influence on him, so he decided that, after Wittenberg to go where he theological leaders of the Reformation met. In Wittenberg he heard Martin Luther , Philipp Melanchthon , Johannes Bugenhagen , Caspar Cruciger the Elder , Justus Jonas the Elder , Hieronymus Schurff , Erasmus Reinhold . As a pupil of Melanchthon in particular, he was shaped in his views and for his future life.

The humanistic principle " Ad Fontes " (back to the sources), advocated by Melanchthon, leaves a lasting impression on him. He was also able to familiarize himself with the ideas of the reformers at Luther's table . So he acquired in 1542 at the University of Wittenberg the academic degree of Magister of Arts (Master of Arts) and was then treated with tasks of the Saxon Elector Johann Friedrich I entrusted. In Wittenberg he continued his studies, where he dealt with law and mathematics.

During this time he also wrote Latin epigrams , wrote poems, and praised the leaders of the Reformation and humanism. In doing so he cynically mocked the scholastics , as was customary at the time . On Melanchthon's recommendation, he became a full professor at the University of Greifswald in 1544 , where he passed on his experience in history, poetry and mathematics. This met with so much recognition in Greifswald that he was elected rector of the university in 1546.

In 1548 he was called to the court of the bishop of Würzburg Melchior Zobel von Giebelstadt . In 1549 he traveled to France, where he did legal studies in Orléans , Poitiers and Angers in order to gain new knowledge. In Paris he wrote a historical calendar that was based on Paul Eber's “ Calendarium Historicum ” and gave lectures at the Sorbonne on “ De annorum supputatione ” ( On the calculation of years ). On a trip to Italy , he continued his studies, dealt on the advice of Melanchthon in Padua with medicine and acquired in Ferrara academic doctoral degree in law. In 1552 he took part in negotiations for the Bishop of Würzburg in Passau . He also participated as its envoy in the Diet of Augsburg in 1555.

After that he dealt mainly with historical writings and published his " Calendarium Historicum " in 1557 , which was written in German. In it he wrote the biographies of various personalities and provided the book with 12 woodcuts by Hans Sebald Beham . In 1558 the German translation of his friend Johannes Sleidanus “ De statu Religionis & Reipublicæ, Carolo Quinto Cæsare, Commentarii ” appeared, to which he submitted a biography of Sleidan in later editions.

In 1558, Beuther left the service of the late Bishop of Würzburg and followed the call of Elector Ottheinrich as librarian and church councilor. After the Elector's death in 1559, he withdrew from political affairs. He can then be found in Heidelberg and in 1560 in Oppenheim , where he married in 1562. He soon went on research trips to Saxony until he was offered a history professorship in Strasbourg in 1565, which Johannes Sturm had previously occupied.

Beuthers importance is expressed above all in his work as a historian. He dealt with the biographies from antiquity to the personalities of the 16th century. His main work was the German translation of Sleidan's Commentaries , which he continued in four Frankfurt and eight Strasbourg editions. Thus one sees him as the creator of an early New High German reform orthography.

His sons Michael Philipp Beuther (1564-1616), General Superintendent von Zweibrücken , Johann Michael Beuther (1566-1618) Professor of Law in Strasbourg and Jakob Ludwig Beuther (1573-1623), Landschreiber in Bergzabern, came from his marriage to Margaretha Reuss in 1562 known.

Works

  • Epigramma libri II apud Chr.Egenolphum, Frankfurt / Main 1544
  • Reinke de Vos 1544
  • Ephemeris Historica , Paris 1551, 1556 also in Basel with Oporinus
  • Calendarium Historicum , Frankfurt a. M. 1557 (in German)
  • Chronica Carionis , Frankfurt a. M. 1564; ed. d. Memoirs of Philipps de Comines, Strasbourg 1566;
  • Fasti Hebraeorum, Athensiensium et Romanum , Basel 1556 and 1563
  • Portraits of many…. famous emperors, kings, princes , Basel 1582 and 1587 digitized
  • Animadversiones sive disceptationes tam Historicarum quam Chronigraphicarum , Strasbourg 1593
  • Fasti antiquitatis Romanae , Speyer 1600.
  • De origine Marchionum Misnensium , 1576 in Leipzig
  • Comments on Tacitus Germania Strasbourg 1594,
  • Practice rerum criminalium ,
  • De globo astronomico et circulis ,
  • Chronicon generale ,
  • Argumenta ia singula sacrorum Bibliorum Capita ,
  • Descriptio rerum quarundam memorabilium sub imperio Caroli V in Europa gestarum
  • Descripto historica elationis et coranationis Maximiliani II. Imp.

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gustav Rüthning (ed.): Hermann Hamel man. Oldenburg Chronicle. New edition based on his handwriting in the Oldenburg State Archives. Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg iO / Berlin 1940, S.XV [1]
personal data
SURNAME Beuther, Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Carlstatt, Michael von; Beutherus, Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian, poet, lawyer and civil servant
DATE OF BIRTH October 18, 1522
PLACE OF BIRTH Karlstadt
DATE OF DEATH October 27, 1587
Place of death Strasbourg