Reorganization of the French army from 1815

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

With the reorganization of the French army in 1815 , the army was completely reorganized in the course of the second French restoration in 1815. From the dissolved regiments of the Napoleonic army were Legions départementales (department legions) formed. This designation was chosen for the units because it was determined to remove them from the political and military inheritance of the imperial army.

With a royal order of August 11, 1815, the reorganization was started.

Pattern of the flags of the legions, model 1816

  • 1st Battalion Légion de l'Aisne (front)

  • 1st Battalion Légion de l'Aisne (back side)

  • 2nd Battalion Légion de l'Aisne (front)

  • 2nd Battalion Légion de l'Aisne (back)

  • 3rd Battalion Légion de l'Aisne (front)

  • 3rd Battalion Légion de l'Aisne (back)

history

After the army had defected to Napoléon almost completely during the reign of the Hundred Days , King Louis XVIII, who had fled for the second time, ordered the dissolution of the army on March 23, 1815 in Lille , which initially had no effect.

After the Napoleonic era ended on June 18, 1815 with the Battle of Waterloo , he finally abdicated on June 22. King Louis XVIII returned to Paris on July 8, 1815, and in contrast to Napoléon's first abdication in 1814, he no longer showed indulgence and dissolved the entire army by decree. He was no longer lenient enough to tolerate that the regiments had in turn exchanged the white cockade of the Bourbons for the tricolor of the revolution. The new army should be devoid of any references to the imperial army.

After the Maréchal d'Empire Louis-Nicolas Davout , who had withdrawn behind the Loire with the remnants of the imperial army, submitted to the king on July 14, 1815, on July 16, 1816, the king renewed the dissolution order of March 23.

"Considérons qu'il est urgent d'organiser une nouvelle armée attendu que d'après notre ordonnance du 23 mars celle qui existait se trouve licenciée ..."

"Let us feel that it is urgent to organize a new army, considering that the existing one will be released according to our order of March 23 ..."

As early as July 15, the battalions of the National Guard were sent home, the regiments of the “Tirailleurs fédérés” (also Fédérés nationaux or Volontaires nationaux - voluntary associations) were disbanded, the reserve battalions of the army were dismissed and the conscription ordinance of 1815 was suspended. The conscripts who had already been drafted returned home.

By order of July 16, all units of the Guard Impériale , the Imperial Army of the Hundred Days , the battalions in the colonies, the colonial battalions , the battalion de l'île d'Elbe , the hunter battalions “des Alpes” and “des Pyrénées” were then established “And sacked the regiments of the marine infantry (Régiments de la marine).

In the service only veterans companies (Compagnies de Vétérans), the battalions of Corsican hunter (Chasseurs corses) and the stranger regiments (Regiments étrangers) remained, with the exception of the Polish regiments, which dissolved itself or in the service of the Russian tsars I. Alexander came .

All regiments from the north and east were directed to disband in areas to the left of the Loire.

By royal order of August 11, 1815, the establishment of the Légions départementales was ordered. 87 of these legions were formed - one of them was a so-called Légion royale étrangère (English: Royal Foreign Legion). The latter was renamed in 1818 in Légion Hohenlohe and on January 6, 1831 converted into the "21 e régiment d'infanterie légère". Each of these legions consisted of two line infantry battalions, a battalion of foot hunters , a company of mounted scouts, an artillery company and three cadre companies in the depot.

Each legion took on the name and number of the department in which it was established and was located. All of the personnel, with the exception of the officers, came from the respective department. However, this type of organization only lasted for a short time and was not fully completed. A final decree of February 17, 1819 set up eight new legions. In total:

  • 8 departments each with 2 legions of 3 battalions each
  • 3 departments each with 1 legion of 4 battalions
  • 48 departments each with 1 legion of 3 battalions
  • 27 departments each with 1 legion of 2 battalions

Corps of royal troops and troops of princes

During the reign of the Hundred Days, a number of units were set up by the King and Prince of Blood , some of which were still incorporated into the new army:

  • a "Régiment d'infanterie légère" , called the "Régiment de la Couronne" ,

set up on June 17, 1815, consisting of a staff, a depot company and two battalions of five companies each. The 1st Battalion was to "2 e régiment de la garde royale" (2nd Regiment of the Royal Guard) and the 2nd Battalion to "6 e régiment de la garde royale" converted.

  • a second "Régiment d'infanterie légère" , called "Régiment du Nord" ,

set up on June 27, 1815 in Cambrai , consisting of a staff, a depot company and two battalions of five companies each. It formed the "Légion du Nord (N ° 58)" .

  • the "Régiment de chasseurs à pied d'Angoulême"

was formed between April and July 1815 in Bordeaux to two battalions. On November 1st, reduced to seven companies, it was incorporated into the "Légion de la Gironde (N ° 31)" .

  • two battalions "Chasseurs des Pyrénées-Orientales" ,

set up on May 8, 1815 in Catalonia by the Duc d'Angoulême . The two battalions were used on August 1, 1815 to form the "Légion royale des Pyrénées" , which then became the "Légion des Pyrénées-Orientales (N ° 65)" .

  • a "Corps royal de volontaires de Bretagne" ,

erected in May 1815 in the Vendée department . The 1st battalion was integrated into the "Légion du Morbihan (N ° 55)" , the 2nd battalion into the "Légion de la Sarthe (N ° 71)" .

  • the "Légion de Lamballe" and the "Corps de volontaires royaux de Plancoët"

formed the "5 e régiment de la garde royale" (5th regiment of the royal guard), which was then divided between the "Légions de Bretagne".

  • In June 1815, with the establishment of the "Légion royale de Normandie"

started to two battalions. Since this was not without considerable difficulties, the project was abandoned again on August 16.

  • The "Bataillon étranger de Valespir" (Volespir Volunteer Battalion),

set up in Catalonia by the Duc d'Angoulême, was released on August 10, 1815.

  • The "Regiment royal de chasseurs à pied de Marie-Thérèse" (Regiment Marie-Thérèse of the royal hunters on foot)

two battalions had been put into service in Montpellier at the end of June 1815 . The 1st Battalion was in the "4 e régiment de la garde royale" and the 2nd Battalion in the "Légion de la Haute-Garonne (N ° 29)" integrated.

In April, fifteen companies of royal volunteers were set up in Marseille and the neighboring towns.

All these companies dispersed when the Duc d'Angoulême went to Spain. After the Battle of Waterloo , they were used in July to form the following units:

  • the "Régiment Royal-Louis"

Three battalions were set up in Aix-en-Provence and then divided - the 1st battalion into the "Légion des Bouches-du-Rhône (N ° 12)" , the 2nd battalion into the "Légion du Var (N ° 80 ) " And the 3rd Battalion in the " Légion de Vaucluse (N ° 81) " .

  • the "Regiment royal du Gard"

to two battalions from Nîmes was incorporated into the "Légion du Gard (N ° 28)" .

  • the "Régiment royal des chasseurs à pied de l'Hérault"

seven companies from Montpellier went into the "Légion de l'Hérault (N ° 32)" .

  • the "Corps royal des miquelets de la Lozère" (Royal Free Rifle Corps of Lozère)

8 companies in Mende were transferred to the "Légion de la Lozère (N ° 46)" .

  • the "Corps des volontaires royaux des Côtes-du-Nord"

seven companies came to the "Légion des Côtes-du-Nord (N ° 20)" .

List of legions and assigned serial numbers (1815)

In 1820 one returned to the name regiment . The numbers of the legions are listed in the alphabetical order of their departments.

Then there were the foreign regiments:

  • 1 he Régiment Suisse
  • 2 e Régiment Suisse
  • 3 e Régiment Suisse
  • 4 e Régiment Suisse
  • Légion Hohenlohe

The royal orders

“Order of July 16, 1815 on the establishment of a new French armed force in the active state

Louis, by the grace of God, King of France and Navarre,
We have hereby commanded and ordained:

Article I.

The active armed forces of France consist of:

  • 86 infantry legions each of three battalions
  • 8 regiments of foot artillery
  • 4 regiments of mounted artillery
  • a regiment of royal carabiniers (Carabiniers royaux)
  • 6 regiments of cuirassiers
  • 10 regiments of dragoons
  • 24 regiments of hunters on horseback (Régiments de chasseurs)
  • 6 regiments of hussars
Article II

A royal engineer corps is to be established, the proportion of which is to move in relation to the rest of the army.

Article III

Our Minister of State in the War Ministry has to submit the detailed organizational plans of the individual corps to us as quickly as possible.

Given at Paris on the sixteenth day of July one thousand
eight hundred and fifteen , the twenty-first year of Our reign of LOUIS

For the King:
the Minister of State in the War Ministry,
Maréchal Gouvion-Saint-Cyr . "

“ Order of the King of August 11, 1815 on the reorganization of the army (Légions départementales)
Louis, by the grace of God, King of France and Navarre.

With reference to Article III of our order of July 16, 1815, We hereby order and order:

Title I - Formation of the Légions départementales
  • Article I.
1 - The line infantry regiments and the light infantry regiments dismissed by our order of March 23, are each used to set up a legion in a department.
2 - Each legion bears the name of the department in which it is established.
3 - Part of the dismissed military may be recruited into the Legion of their department.
4 - Each legion consists of a staff, two battalions of line infantry, a battalion of foot hunters and three cadre depot companies. A company of Éclaireurs and an artillery company are assigned.
5 - Each line infantry battalion consists of eight companies , one grenadier company , six fusilier companies and one voltigeur company . The battalions of hunters on foot consist of eight hunter companies.
6 - The rank of lieutenant-colonel is created for each legion . He takes over the badges and functions of the previous major. His duties are to command the Legion as a representative of the Colonel in his presence and absence. He is the mediator and contact person for the senior officers in all official matters.
7 - In each legion, the rank of major equivalent to the chief de bataillon is created. He will have his salary and wear an epaulette on his right shoulder . Until his duties are more precisely defined, he will administratively carry out those for which the former major was responsible. He will be in competition with the Chefs de bataillon and after two years of service he will be able to take command of a battalion. After four years he is qualified to act as a sous-inspector for visits. Regardless of his rank, however, he will never be above the Chef de bataillon in command.
8 - The headquarters and companies of each Legion are organized in accordance with the table attached to this order. The strength of each legion is set at 1687 men, 103 officers and 1584 NCOs and soldiers.
Title II - Dismissal of line infantry regiments and light infantry regiments
9 - Our State Minister in the War Ministry appoints the generals or senior officers to carry out the dismissal of the currently existing line infantry regiments and light infantry regiments.
10 - In order to regulate the discharge procedure, the colonel or the commander of each corps or part of the corps has to set up a staff for each department and to name the military and employees under his command.
11 - The board of directors will at the same time issue the discharge certificates and determine the payout of each officer, sergeant and soldier. If there is not enough cash to make the payments, each military person will receive proof of the funds not received along with the certificate of discharge.
12 - The board of directors of each of the regiments to be dismissed, as well as the quartermaster and the supply officer, remain in office and responsible for the archives, the regimental treasury, the magazine holdings and for information about them.
13 - The officers, NCOs and soldiers of the same troop form a department, which is commanded by the highest officer. If the ranks are the same, the older one gives orders after years of service.
Any department consisting of less than 20 men does not need an officer as a commanding officer. Here a sergent or caporal is in command.
The detachments, while on the road, will be treated as troops on the march.
The NCOs and soldiers take their equipment, uniforms and weapons with them. Our Minister of State in the War Ministry is taking the necessary measures to carry out this order.
Title III - Dismissal of the soldiers from the former regiments when the legions were established in the departmental capitals
  • Section I .
  • Disposition of the officers.
14 - After arriving in the capital of the assigned department , the officers have to report to the commandant general of the department.
The general will review them and grant those who request a two-month vacation, during which wages can be claimed for half a year.
The others will remain in the capital of the department, where they will continue their activities according to their rank.
  • Section II .
  • Disposition of NCOs and soldiers.
15 - A review committee in the departmental capital, consisting of:
the prefect as president
the general-commander of the department
the captain of the gendarmerie
carries out the inspection of NCOs and soldiers of the released regiments after their arrival in the capital of the department.
16 - The review board gives leave of absence:
Soldiers who are deemed unfit because of ailments
those less than a meter and seven hundred and ten millimeters (four feet and 11 pouces ) tall
Furthermore, anyone who claims:
he served for more than eight years
he is married
he is the indispensable breadwinner of his family
17 - Members of the military who are on leave or dismissed by the examination board return to their homeland.
18 - The soldiers who claim to be entitled to severance pay will address their demands to the general in charge of the department, who will pass them on to the general inspector on duty of the organizational phase so that he can initiate the appropriate administrative procedures.
If they cannot earn a living in their homeland, they are placed in the makeshift companies.
19 - The military assessed by the Board of Review, who are not discharged or on leave, are to join the départemental legions. The general in command of the department will grant those soldiers who request it two months' leave with six-month pay.
The non-commissioned officers and soldiers who do not receive a two-month vacation are grouped together in provisional companies in the departmental capitals. This also includes the soldiers' children with their fathers. These companies are provisionally commanded in the département capitals by the officers present.
20 - NCOs and soldiers of the provisional companies will receive payment and supplies for the garrison troops.
Title IV - Organization of the Légions départementales - main dispositions
21 - Our Minister of State in the Ministry of War will introduce us to the generals or senior officers who have recommended organizing the departmental legions.
He will also introduce Us to the colonels, lieutenants-colonels, chiefs de bataillon and majors who are to serve in the legions.
The organization of the legions will be carried out in the departmental capitals.
  • Section I .
  • Selection of officers.
22 - Officers who are eligible for service in the legions must meet the following requirements: they must be French with an officer rank who have not resigned or who have resigned and who do not belong to the Royal Guard or are not intended to do so.
23 - The Inspecteur-général will check all officers who wish to join the Legions and will make a special report on each of them, according to the instructions of Our Minister of State in the Ministry of War.
24 - The Inspecteur-général will make proposals for retirement for the eligible officers as follows: Senior officers are entitled to retirement after 25 years of service. After 30 years of service, they will all be retired by law, without exception.
All other officers can retire after 20 years of service. After 25 years of service, they will all and be legally retired.
Officers of all ranks who are fifty years old have the right to retire regardless of seniority. (This provision applies only to officers from the rank of Sous-lieutenant to the Chef de bataillon only.)
Officers who retire due to the new organization enjoy the maximum retirement pay of their rank.
The officers who wish to be on leave will send their request to the inspector général.
He will propose a pay of four-fifths for the period of inactivity, unless he receives contrary orders from Us for officers born in foreign countries. If one of them wants to return to his country, he will propose a severance payment for him that corresponds to the length of his service.
All of these officers are sent back to their hometowns; the resigned receive the pay they were granted on site.
For the other cases in which the old-age salary can be granted, the provisions of our order of the 1st of this month must also be observed.
25 - The Inspecteur-général will then take care of the selection of the officers who make up the cadres of the legions. He will select the most capable, from whom double the morality and education are expected than usual.
Under the same conditions, the seniority will decide the choice.
Officers can only claim the rank they held on March 20th, unless they can demonstrate that We have granted them a promotion since then.
26 - However, the Inspecteur-général will only offer this to half of the officers needed to establish a base first. Officers who are not selected by the inspector général return to their homeland to receive four fifths of the pay of their last rank.
Senior officers should be placed on half pay.
The surplus officers are designated for the future legions, according to the good credentials they can show.
27 - If an officer who is already quartermaster of a provisionally appointed board of directors is chosen as the inspector général to perform the duties of the paymaster, the paymaster to be replaced must continue the functions of paymaster until a new quartermaster is appointed.
28 - The election of the officers to command the éclaireurs and artillery companies is made by the Inspecteur-général from among the cavalry and artillery officers present in the Legion, according to the above principles. However, they will only take on these tasks after receiving the relevant orders.
29 - The selection or classification of officers made by the Inspecteur-général will only be confirmed if our Minister of State in the Ministry of War has given our consent.
  • Section II .
  • Permanent incorporation of NCOs and soldiers of the provisional companies and of those who have received two months' leave.
30 - At a time determined by the Inspecteur-général, officers and soldiers who have two months' leave are called back to the respective capital by the Commander-General of the Department.
31 - The Inspecteur-général will begin with the formation of the various companies of the two battalions of line infantry and the battalion of hunters on foot for each legion, depending on the type of service that each has already performed or for which he is qualified is recognized, divides the NCOs and soldiers who then form the provisional companies. The soldiers who have returned from vacation are also assigned.
If the number of men is greater than is needed, the excess will be sent back home for the time being. Except for those who have no livelihood in their home country.
32 - If, during the formation of the units, some soldiers are forced to retire for various reasons, the Inspecteur-général will remove them.
At the same time, he will present those who have asked for a reward. He will examine their claims and, if they are justified, take the appropriate precautions. However, those whose claims are unfounded will be retired.
33 - Soldier children, no matter how many there are, will all remain in the legions, but in the future there will only be two for each company.
Title V - Appeal of the men destined to complete the legions
34 - Soldiers returning to the départements who do not have a legal title exempting them from service are requested by the prefect, in accordance with previous article 30, to appear before the committee of inquiry at the same time as the other non-commissioned officers and soldiers. The selection board will give its opinion on these men in accordance with the provisions of Articles 16, 17 and 19 of this Regulation.
35 - The men judged fit for service by the examination board join the Legion of the Départements, in full. Those of them who exceed the target number of staff are sent home. However, you will be allowed to join the legions of the neighboring departments according to the distribution that our Minister of State has drawn up in the Ministry of War and to complete them. The soldiers named in Section 32 are also designated for this purpose.
36 - The men who do not obey the drafts within the set deadlines are considered deserters and are persecuted.
Title VI - General Disposition
37 - The companies, with the exception of the grenadiers and voltigeurs, éclaireurs and artillerymen, will bear the name of their captains.
38 - Pay, allowances and allowances are to be paid in accordance with the regulations. The Éclaireurs company is equated with the regiments of the hunters and the artillery company, which, like the regiments of the artillery, are paid on foot.
39 - The administration and accounts are provisionally set up according to the principles set out in the regulations in force. According to the ordinance of January 20, 1815, the board of directors should be composed, additionally with the lieutenant-colonel. The major is only allowed to report after the chief de bataillon. If there is a tie in deliberations, that of the President will decide.
40 - There will be a flag for each legion and a pennant for each battalion. Our Minister of State in the Ministry of War will introduce the flag model, the background will be white and bear the coat of arms of France and the name of the Legion. We reserve the right to determine when the flags will be issued.
41 - Special regulations are issued for the following regulations:
  • regulate the rank of officers and non-commissioned officers to bring them into line with the current formation
  • determine the uniform and insignia of each legion
  • determine how the various ranks will be promoted.

August 3, 1815.
LOUIS "

composition

Number of battalions from each department

The numbers are listed after the infantry battalions per department, the two additional battalions refer to the light infantry.

Department Number of battalions Department Number of battalions Department Number of battalions
Ain 3 Haute-Garonne 3 Oise 3
Aisne 3 Gers 3 Orne 3
Allier 3 Gironde 6th Pas-de-Calais 6th
Basses-Alpes 2 + 2 Herault 3 Puy-de-Dôme 3
Hautes-Alpes 2 + 2 Ille-et-Vilaine 6th Basses-Pyrénées 3 + 2
Ardèche 2 Indre 2 Hautes-Pyrénées 2 + 2
Ardennes 3 Indre-et-Loire 3 Pyrénées-Orientales 2
Ariège 2 + 2 Isère 3 Bas-Rhin 4th
Aube 3 law 2 + 2 Haut-Rhin 3
Aude 2 Country 2 Rhône 3
Aveyron 2 Loir-et-Cher 2 Haute-Saône 3
Bouches-du-Rhone 3 Loire 3 Saône-et-Loire 3
Calvados 3 Haute Loire 3 Sarthe 3
Cantal 2 Loire Inférieure 3 His 6th
Charente 3 Loiret 3 Seine-Inférieure 6th
Charente Inférieure 3 Lot 3 Seine-et-Marne 3
Cher 2 Lot-et-Garonne 3 Seine-et-Oise 3
Corrèze 2 Lozère 2 Deux-Sèvres 3
Corse 2 + 2 Maine-et-Loire 3 Somme 4th
Côte-d'Or 3 Some 6th Camouflage 3
Côtes-du-Nord 6th Marne 3 Tarn-et-Garonne 2
Creuse 2 + 2 Haute-Marne 2 Var 2
Dordogne 3 Mayenne 2 Vaucluse 2
Doubs 2 Meurthe 3 Vendée 3
Drôme 3 Meuse 3 Vienne 3
Your 3 Morbihan 4th Haute-Vienne 2 + 2
Eure-et-Loir 3 Moselle 3 Vosges 2 + 2
Finistère 3 Nièvre 2 Yonne 3
Gard 3 North 6th

Furnishing

Uniformity

After Napoleon's dismissal in 1815, it was ordered that the uniform skirts of the infantry of the Département legions should be white again from the pre-revolutionary period.
The pants were royal blue.

“The skirt is white with no stripes or embroidery; it is closed with nine large buttons on the right. He has a high stand-up collar; the pockets are closed with three buttons; the lap will reach below the knee. There are two large buttons at waist level, two at the end of the skirt and three on each pocket flap.
The vest has no stripes or embroidery, it is closed with nine small uniform buttons. The pants are skin-tight, without embroidery or trims.
The buttons are copper-colored.
The pants are royal blue.
The shako has a copper plaque with the royal lilies on the front. "

Royal Guard

The royal guard was reorganized, for which a total strength of 25,000 men was determined by decree. In contrast to the Guards of Louis XVI , it consisted only of combat-ready units, so there were no longer any splendid guards (e.g. the Garde de la porte ), as they had still existed after the First Restoration .

6 French regiments
2 Swiss alien regiments
2 regiments of grenadiers à cheval
2 regiments of Cuirassiers
1 Dragons Regiment
1 regiment chasseurs à cheval
1 regiment of Hussards
1 regiment of Lancers

Pattern of the flags of the cavalry, model 1816

  • Flag of 1 he cuirassiers, front

  • Flag of one he cuirassiers, back

Line cavalry

The line cavalry was drastically reduced in size. Of those that still exist in the Army of the Hundred Days

  • 2 regiments of carabiniers
  • 12 regiments of cuirassiers
  • 30 regiments of dragoons and hunters on horseback
  • 6 regiments of Lancers (Uhlans) and
  • 7 regiments of hussars

the lancers and the carabiniers were abolished entirely. It still remained

  • 6 regiments of cuirassiers
Régiment de cuirassiers de La Reine N ° 1
Régiment de cuirassiers du Dauphin N ° 2
Régiment de cuirassiers d'Angoulême N ° 3
Régiment de cuirassiers de Berry N ° 4
Régiment de cuirassiers d'Orléans N ° 5
Régiment de cuirassiers de Condé N ° 6
  • 10 regiments of dragoons
Régiment de dragons du Calvados N ° 1
Régiment de dragons du Doubs N ° 2
Régiment de dragons de la Garonne N ° 3
Régiment de dragons de la Gironde N ° 4
Régiment de dragons d'Hérault N ° 5
Régiment de dragons de la Loire N ° 6
Régiment de dragons de Manche N ° 7
Régiment de dragons du Rhône N ° 8
Régiment de dragons de la Saône N ° 9
Régiment de dragons de la Seine N ° 10
  • 24 regiments of hunters on horseback (Chasseurs à cheval)
Regiment de chasseurs d'Allier N ° 1
Régiment de chasseurs des Alpes N ° 2
Régiment de chasseurs des Ardennes N ° 3
Régiment de chasseurs d'Ariège N ° 4
Régiment de chasseurs du Cantal N ° 5
Régiment de chasseurs de Charente N ° 6
Régiment de chasseurs de Corrèze N ° 7
Regiment de chasseurs de Côte-d'Or N ° 8
Régiment de chasseurs de la Dordogne N ° 9
Regiment de chasseurs du Gard N ° 10
Regiment de chasseurs d'Isère N ° 11
Regiment de chasseurs de la Marne N ° 12
Régiment de chasseurs de la Meuse N ° 13
Regiment de chasseurs du Morbihan N ° 14
Regiment de chasseurs de la Oise N ° 15
Regiment de chasseurs de la Orne N ° 16
Régiment de chasseurs des Pyrénées N ° 17
Régiment de chasseurs de la Sarthe N ° 18
Régiment de chasseurs de la Somme N ° 19
Regiment de chasseurs du Var N ° 20
Regiment de chasseurs de la Vaucluse N ° 21
Regiment de chasseurs de Vendée N ° 22
Régiment de chasseurs de Vienne N ° 23
Regiment de chasseurs des Vosges N ° 24
  • Six regiments of hussars
Régiment de hussards de Jura N ° 1
Regiment de hussards de Meurthe N ° 2
Régiment de hussards de la Moselle N ° 3
Régiment de hussards du Nord N ° 4
Régiment de hussards de Bas-Rhin N ° 5
Régiment de hussards de Haut-Rhin N ° 6

literature

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Napoléon's personal guard on the island of Elba
  2. ↑ Victor Louis Jean François Belhomme: Histoire de l'infantry en France. Volume 5. H. Charles-Lavauzelle, Paris 1902
  3. ↑ Rank et nom des Légions départementales. 1820 ( Memento of January 22, 2018 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the Association du musée de l'infanterie
  4. ^ Adrien Pascal, Jules du Camp: Histoire de l'armée et de tous les régiments. Volume 4, p. LV of the tableaux chapter . A. Barbier, Paris 1850
  5. ↑ Victor Louis Jean François Belhomme: Histoire de l'infantry en France. Volume 5. H. Charles-Lavauzelle, Paris 1902, p. 10
  6. ↑ Henri Victor Dollin you Fresnel: Un régiment à travers l'histoire, le 76 e , ex-one he léger. E. Flammarion, 1894
  7. ↑ for the Swiss the name regiment was retained here
  8. ↑ Original text: La force militaire active de la France , although only the army is meant
  9. ↑ Reconnaissance Company
  10. ↑ Major was not a rank, but a position as head of administration of the unit
  11. ↑ But that was changed again by decree of October 27, 1820 - they were now royal blue
  12. ^ Order of the king on the list of the Légions départementales and the uniforms of the resigned officers