Nikola Ljubičić

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Nikola Ljubičić

Nikola Ljubičić (born April 4, 1916 in Karan , Užice , Kingdom of Yugoslavia ; † April 13, 2005 in Belgrade , Serbia ) was an officer of the People's Liberation Army , general of the Yugoslav People's Army and politician of the Union of Communists of Yugoslavia (BdKJ) from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), who was Minister of Defense (Federal Secretary for National Defense) between 1967 and 1982 and subsequently President of the Presidium of the Socialist Republic of Serbia from 1982 to 1984 . He was then a member of the Presidium of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia between 1984 and 1989 .

Life

Officer of the People's Liberation Army and World War II

Ljubičić attended the grammar school in Užice , the agricultural school in Valjevo and the reserve officer school in Maribor and then worked at the agricultural school in Sevojno . At that time he was actively involved in the youth representation of the agricultural school. During the Second World War, he took part in the partisan war against the occupation of Yugoslavia , the so-called "national liberation struggle of the peoples of Yugoslavia", from 1941 as platoon leader of a mountain battalion stationed in Požega . In August 1941 he joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (CPJ) as a member. His unit was involved in battles with the German armed forces at Valjevo, Bajina Bašta , Opština Priboj and Višegrad . Later he was company commander of the mountain battalion. After "Operation Uzice" the liberation of the Republic of Uzice , he participated in combat operations in Zlatibor and Sandžak against the Wehrmacht, the Yugoslav army in the homeland and later against Italian troops in part, before he followed to the bar at the Supreme Headquarters of the partisan troops to Rudo displaced has been.

Ljubičić then took over the post as company commander and deputy commander of a battalion of the 1st Proletarian Brigade commanded by Milan Ilic Čiče , which was later transferred to Romanija and then in 1942 to Jahorina . He then became an officer at the Supreme Headquarters of the People's Liberation Army in Foča and was wounded for the first time in the battle against Italian units near Čajniče on May 1, 1942. After his recovery he was the commander of the battalion stationed in during the combat missions near Durmitor and on the Piva River and later again a staff officer at the headquarters of the People's Liberation Army, before commanding the battalion in battles near Gacko and on the Sutjeska River , where he was exposed to constant Italian air raids. He then became commander of the 5th Battalion of the 2nd Proletarian Brigade and some time later commander of the 4th Battalion of this brigade, with which he participated in combat operations in Kalinovik , along the Sarajevo – Konjic railway , at Bugojno , Kupres , Manjača and the Liberation from Mrkonjić Grad and Jajce participated.

In the further course of the war, Ljubičić commanded the 4th battalion during the fighting near Bosansko Grahovo , Mount Dinara and Knin . After a serious wound he was recovering in Bosanski Petrovac and then took command of his battalion during the Battle of the Neretva from January to April 1943, before he later became an officer in the staff of the 2nd Proletarian Brigade. In this function, operations followed in combat operations against the Wehrmacht at Gornji Vakuf-Uskoplje , Drina , in Montenegro and at the Battle of the Sutjeska from May 15 to June 16, 1943. This was followed by participation with this brigade in combat operations near Zelengora , Kladanj and Tuzla , before he was entrusted with the implementation of operations in Semberija , Syrmia , Umka , Aranđelovac on the instructions of the Supreme Headquarters from August 1943 . Then he was transferred back to the 1st Proletarian Brigade, which he commanded in combat activities near Kosjerić , in the Tara Mountains and along the Lim River .

After reaching the Sandžak, Ljubičić was chief of staff of the 2nd Proletarian Brigade for some time and then commander of the 3rd Serbian Proletarian Brigade, which took part in battles at Ivanjica , Berane and Andrijevica . He then took over the post of Chief of Staff of the 2nd Proletarian Division, which arrived in Serbia in mid-1944 and took part in fighting on the Ibar and in the Kopaonik Mountains. Most recently, he became Deputy Commanding General of the National Defense Corps of Yugoslavia in August 1944.

Post War, Defense Minister and President of Serbia

Nikola Ljubičić (1976)

After the liberation of Yugoslavia, Ljubičić became the commander of a division of the National Defense Corps and, after visiting the military academy in Belgrade in 1950, commanding general of the corps stationed in Zagreb , Ljubljana and Kragujevac . This was followed by posts as deputy commander and head of the political administration of the First Army, as commander of the border troops, as commander of the war school and commander of the First Military District. At the same time he was a member of the Federal Assembly from 1963 to 1967 and also became a member of the Central Committee (ZK) at the Eighth Congress of the BdKJ in December 1964 . On May 18, 1967, he replaced Army General Ivan Gošnjak as Minister of Defense (Federal Secretary for National Defense) and held this ministerial post until he retired from active military service on May 16, 1982, whereupon the previous Chief of Staff of the People's Army, Fleet Admiral Branko Mamula, was his successor has been. In this function he promoted the Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinča" for the construction of nuclear weapons and the defense readiness, whereby he warned at the end of April 1977: "We must not overlook that unnecessary population movements would reduce the efficiency of the resistance against an aggressor." On the ninth At the Congress of the BdKJ in March 1969, he was also a member of the Presidium of the Central Committee and was confirmed in this function at the 10th Congress in May 1974 and at the 11th Congress in June 1978. At the twelfth congress of the BdKJ in June 1982 he was no longer elected as a member of the Presidium of the Central Committee, but retained his membership in the Central Committee until the Thirteenth Congress of the BdKJ in June 1986. As Minister of Defense and member of the Presidium of the BdKJ, he was a close confidante by President Josip Broz Tito and Colonel General Ivan Dolničar , Secretary General of the State Presidium .

After leaving the Federal Government as Minister of Defense, Ljubičić succeeded Dobrivoje Vidić as President of the Presidium of the Socialist Republic of Serbia and thus as President of this republic on May 5, 1982 . He held this post until May 5, 1984 and was then replaced by Dušan Čkrebić . He then became a member of the Presidium of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as the successor to Petar Stambolić for the Republic of Serbia . He belonged to this collective state presidency until 1989 and was then replaced by Borisav Jović as the representative of Serbia.

Ljubičić was honored several times for his long service and was honored on November 27, 1953 with the Order of the People's Hero . In addition, he received the Order of Hero of Socialist Labor (March 4, 1976), the Order of the War Banner, the Order of the Red Partisan Star, the Order of Merit of the People, the Order for Fraternity and Unity, the Order of the People's Army, the Medal of Bravery and the Partisan Memorial Medal from 1941.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Yugoslavia: Defense Ministers
  2. ↑ YUGOSLAVIA: Thirty Years of Thought. After India, Yugoslavia could become the next nuclear power - the secret police wanted the bomb to be built much earlier. . In: Der Spiegel from June 10, 1974
  3. ↑ YUGOSLAVIA: By all means. In an emergency, the whole people should defend Yugoslavia. Mobilization exercises in peace are already affecting large parts of the population. What is the deterrent value of this defense doctrine? . In: Der Spiegel from November 28, 1977
  4. ^ According to Tito - the generals. At the non-aligned summit in Havana, Yugoslavia's party and state leader Tito, 87, fought once again for the independence of his own state. At home he has already ordered his house: the army is ready to help organize the multiethnic state. Officers already control large areas of public life. The General Secretary of the State Presidium, which is to collectively succeed Tito, is a general. . In: Der Spiegel of September 17, 1979
  5. ↑ "God help the Yugoslavs". After Tito - all power to the generals . In: Der Spiegel from January 21, 1980
  6. ^ Yugoslavia: From the Tito cult to the cult of the dead . In: Der Spiegel from May 12, 1980
  7. ^ Socialist Republic of Serbia: Presidents of the Presidency (rulers.org)
  8. ↑ YUGOSLAVIA: Shoot if necessary. The Serbian nation experiences a rise under a general - at the expense of the minorities . In: Der Spiegel from August 16, 1982
  9. ↑ YUGOSLAVIA: New ideas. For the first time since Tito's death, Yugoslavia's collective leadership is being exchanged. One of the newcomers promises perfect state security. . In: Der Spiegel of March 12, 1984
personal data
SURNAME Ljubičić, Nikola
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Yugoslav politician and general
DATE OF BIRTH April 4, 1916
PLACE OF BIRTH Karan , Užice , Kingdom of Yugoslavia
DATE OF DEATH April 13, 2005
Place of death Belgrade , Serbia