Nikolai Alexandrovich Lvov

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Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Lwow (DG Levizki, 1780s, Russian Museum )

Nikolai Alexandrovich Lvov ( Russian Николай Александрович Львов * May 4 jul. / 15. May  1753 greg. On the estate of Nikolskoye in Torzhok , † December 22, 1803 jul. / 3. January  1804 greg. In Moscow ) was a Russian representative the Enlightenment and architect of classicism .

Life

Lwow came from the old noble family Lwow of the Tver Governorate . His father Alexander Petrovich Lwow owned only a small estate. In 1769 Lvov joined the foot artillery unit of the Izmailovsky Life Guard Regiment in St. Petersburg , for which he was registered as a child. In the Bibikow school of the regiment he founded the circle of the four sensible people with Nikolai Petrovich Osipov and N. and P. Yermolajew.

Lvov began his civil service career in the College of Foreign Affairs. As a diplomatic courier he traveled extensively to the German principalities and Denmark, and later to London , Madrid , Paris and the Netherlands . On a private trip to Italy he visited Livorno , Pisa , Florence , Bologna and Venice .

In 1779 Lwow was secretly married to Marija Alexejewna Djakowa (1755-1807). His brothers-in-law Gawriil Romanowitsch Derschawin , Wassili Wassiljewitsch Kapnist , Iwan Iwanowitsch Chemnitzer , Dmitri Grigorjewitsch Lewizki , Vladimir Lukitsch Borowikowski and Jewstignei Ipatowitsch Fomin belonged to the circle around Lwow .

Lwow was engaged in architecture , archeology , chemistry , geology and mechanics . He collected folk songs , translated anacreontic songs into verse and was a talented draftsman and engraver . In 1783 he was elected to the Russian Academy . In 1785 he became an honorary member of the Academy of Arts . In 1787 he wrote the libretto for a comic opera by Fomin. He planned the stars and signs for the Order of St. Vladimir and the Order of St. Anne . He prepared a dictionary of artists and the arts , but it was not published and the manuscript of which was lost. 1798–1799 he wrote and published the two chronicles about the old Rus from Rjurik to the end of Ivan IV and about Russia from the beginning to the battle of Poltava .

Lvov became known as an architect for his buildings in St. Petersburg and the surrounding area and the mansions in the Tver, Novgorod and Moscow governorates . He was a representative of Palladianism . He translated Andrea Palladio's I quattro libri dell'architettura and edited it. He was looking for new building materials . He developed methods for earth building and for heating and ventilation of buildings, which he published in 1795. In 1799 the second part appeared with the Calorifère heating . A third part was published after Lvov's death.

In the summer of 1803, Alexander I sent Lvov to the Caucasus and the Crimea to develop the warm waters there. He stayed in the Don Cossacks - Oblast on, drew a lot and opened two sources in Pyatigorsk .

Lwow had two sons and three daughters who, after the death of their parents, lived with their uncle Gavriil Romanowitsch Derschawin. Lvov's eldest daughter Jelisaveta (1788–1864) married the musicologist and writer Fyodor Petrovich Lwow in 1810 . Lvov's son Alexander was an officer, art lover and grandfather of the politicians Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Lwow and Vladimir Nikolajewitsch Lwow . Lwow's daughter Wera (1792–1873) was married to the major general and poet Alexei Wassiljewitsch Wojeikow and grandmother of the painter Vasily Dmitrijewitsch Polenov . The youngest daughter Praskowja (1793-1839) was married to the historian Konstantin Matwejewitsch Borosdin .

In 2004 a Lvov memorial was erected in the center of Torzhok.

Works

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Львов, Николай Александрович . In: Russian Biographical Dictionary . tape 10 , 1914, pp. 778-784 .
  2. ↑ a b Львов (Николай Александрович) . In: Brockhaus-Efron . tape XVIII , 1896, p. 136-137 ( Wikisource [accessed November 18, 2019]).
  3. ↑ a b c d Строев Н .: Львов, Николай Александрович . In: Русский биографический словарь А. А. Половцова . tape 10 , 1914, pp. 778-784 ( Wikisource [accessed November 18, 2019]).
  4. ↑ a b c d этюд из очерка А.Островского "Архитекторы Петербурга": Архитектор Николай Александровлай Александрович (accessed November 18, 2019.
  5. ↑ a b Архитекторы Санкт-Петербурга: Архитектор Николай Александрович Львов (accessed November 17, 2019).
  6. ↑ Львов Н. А .: ст Избранные сочинения (Предисл. Д. С. Лихачева. Вступ.., Сост., Подгот. Текста и коммент. К. Ю. Лаппо-Данилевского. Перечень архитектурных работ Н. А. Львова подготовлен А. В. Татариновым ) . Böhlau Verlag , Пушкинский Дом, РХГИ, Акрополь, Cologne, St. Petersburg 1994.
  7. ^ L'vov NA: Italian diary . Edited and commented by K. Yu. Lappo-Danilevsky. trans. from the Russian by Hans Rothe and Angelika Lauhus; Building blocks for Slavic philology and cultural history, Series B, New Series, Volume 13. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 1998.
  8. ↑ Андреевский А. К .: Отопление . Выш. школа, Minsk 1982, p. 5 .
  9. ↑ ПОДВОРЬЕ АТАМАНОВ ЕФРЕМОВЫХ (accessed November 17, 2019).
  10. ↑ Полякова О. А., Чегутаева Л. Ф .: ЛЕТОПИСЬ города-курорта Пятигорск. Раздел 1 . Министерство культуры Ставропольского краяГосударственное бюджетное учреждение культурыСтавропольского края "ПЯТИГОРСКИЙ КРАЕВЕДЧЕСКИЙ МУЗЕЙ" Pyatigorsk 2012 ( [1] [PDF; 2.3 MB ; accessed on November 17, 2019]).
  11. ↑ Благотворительный фонд им. Н. А. Львова (accessed November 18, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Lvov, Nikolai Alexandrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Львов, Николай Александрович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian scout and architect
DATE OF BIRTH May 15, 1753
PLACE OF BIRTH Nikolskoje near Torzhok
DATE OF DEATH January 3, 1804
Place of death Moscow