Obbach

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Obbach
Community Euerbach
Coordinates: 50 ° 4 ′ 28 "  N , 10 ° 5 ′ 37"  E
Height : 280 m above sea level NN
Residents : 882  (Feb. 1, 2013)
Postal code : 97502
Area code : 09726
View of Obbach
View of Obbach

Obbach has been part of the municipality of Euerbach in the Bavarian district of Schweinfurt since the regional reform in Bavaria on May 1, 1978 .

Geographical location

View of Obbach from the east in the early evening

Obbach is ten kilometers west-northwest of the Schweinfurt city ​​center and 13 kilometers south of Bad Kissingen , 4 km west of the Wern . The village is located near the regional center of Schweinfurt in a sparsely populated region. It is the breadbasket of the district in the low-precipitation Schweinfurt basin with a continental climate . The entire municipality of Euerbach belongs to the inter-municipal alliance Upper Werntal.

Junction No. 98 Wasserlosen leads to the A 7 located four kilometers to the west and junction No. 30 Schweinfurt-West to the A 71 located 4 km to the east .

history

middle Ages

The first known documentary mention of Obbach (also Oppach, Opáhu) dates from May 9, 813. The place therefore celebrated its 1200th anniversary in 2013.

Around 1275, Count Hermann von Henneberg was named as a feudal lord and the Counts of Henneberg were the local lords until the 15th century .

Modern times

After the Hennebergers, the place came to the Imperial Knights of Hutten . In 1527 Margareta von Hutten, the daughter of Ludwig von Hutten-Frankenberg, got engaged to Kasimir von Seckendorff-Aberdar and in 1532 the marriage took place. Margareta received Obbach as a dowry. After Ludwig's death, a protracted legal dispute over Obbach began, which was not settled until 1732 when the von Hutten family renounced.

Evangelical parish church

After the free imperial city of Schweinfurt committed itself to the Lutheran creed in 1542 and the Seckendorf family had completely taken over Obbach from the Hutten family, Obbach probably also became Protestant around 1550. During the Thirty Years' War in 1631, the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg , Philipp Adolf von Ehrenberg , occupied the Protestant Obbach and appointed a Catholic priest. At the end of 1631 the Protestant Swedes conquered the entire diocese of Würzburg and Hans Christoph von Seckendorf was able to take over his estates again until 1634. After the Swedes withdrew, the village was again taken over by the Würzburg bishop - now Franz von Hatzfeld - in 1635 . Under his successor, Johann Philipp von Schönborn , the local rule went back to the Lords of Seckendorf in 1653 and to the Barons of Bobenhausen in the same year .

Obbach 1863

Since 1653 Obbach belonged to the barons of Bobenhausen, who belonged as free imperial knights to the knightly canton Rhön-Werra of the Franconian knight circle . In 1766/1767 the von Bobenhausen family had the church built. This family ruled the place until the mediatization , which initially took place in the so-called Rittersturm after the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 and was sanctioned by the Rhine Confederation Act in 1806 . Obbach was first incorporated into the Electorate of Bavaria and in 1806 into the Kingdom of Bavaria . Until the sale to the Barons Zu Rhein in 1813, the Bobenhausen were still lords of the manor in Obbach. In 1856 the estate went to the middle-class Eisfeld family. After further changes of ownership between 1907 and 1924, the industrial family Schäfer acquired the property that is still in their possession.

Obbach has been an Evangelical Lutheran parish village since 1698 . Until then, Obbach was a branch church of Euerbach.

Agriculture took off around 1800 as previously unused areas were cultivated. The village had a grain surplus and grew hemp, flax, fruit and wine. A quarry and the woods provided building material.

The loss of independence

After the Bavarian state government had submitted the draft law to strengthen local self-government on April 16, 1970, the discussion about the reorganization of the municipalities began. In 1971 there was a plan according to which Obbach should become the seat of a new large community with the districts Obbach, Wasserlosen , Greßthal , Rütschenhausen and Schwemmelsbach . A citizens' meeting in Obbach rejected this plan - the other communities later merged to form the entire community of Wasserlosen .

On July 27, 1971, the Bavarian state parliament passed a first law to strengthen local self-government, which contained clear guidelines for community sizes and administrative communities. The pressure from the state government to form larger unified communities and administrative communities was enormous. Obbach continued to resist and only when it became clear that a compulsory amalgamation would take place anyway, a citizens' meeting approved the merger with Euerbach and Sömmersdorf in 1975 and the new overall community with its seat in Euerbach came into being on May 1, 1978. Since this entire municipality with around 3,000 inhabitants remained below the target figure of 5,000 aimed at by the state, an administrative partnership with the municipality of Geldersheim was officially prescribed. This administrative community was rejected by Obbach. Only after the municipal council of the entire community voted unanimously again against the administrative community and made representations to the newly elected Bavarian state government, the administrative community was repealed on January 1, 1980.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the entire municipality of Euerbach, to which Obbach has belonged since 1978, shows the golden crossbars on a red background from the coat of arms of those of Hutten.

  • Coat of arms of the Counts of Henneberg

  • Coat of arms of those von Hutten

  • Coat of arms of the von Seckendorff

  • Coat of arms of those of Bobenhausen

  • Coat of arms of the municipality of Euerbach

Obbach Castle

Obbach Castle

Georg Ludwig von Bobenhausen had the castle built between 1692 and 1697. Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst von Bobenhausen had Balthasar Neumann add a second wing in the Baroque style from 1746–1747 .

In 1933, the first automatic cast steel ball factory owned by the Schäfer family , formerly Friedrich Fischer, AG, set up a rest home for employees and pensioners in the castle. After the castle and property were temporarily confiscated by the Americans in 1945, home operations were resumed and continued until 1958. The castle then served as a depot for Georg Schäfer's painting collection until it moved to Schweinfurt in the newly built Georg Schäfer Museum in 2000 .

An agricultural estate with 275 hectares belongs to Obbach Castle , which has been managed according to the principles of organic farming since 1998. The farm was selected by the Federal Ministry of Agriculture as a demonstration farm for organic farming .

The Jewish community

In nearby Schweinfurt , Jewish citizens can be identified as early as 1212. After the destruction of Schweinfurt in the Second Margrave War , the city received the right from the Emperor in 1555 to refuse to allow the Jews who had previously lived within its walls to resettle again. The expelled Schweinfurt Jews were spread across the surrounding area - especially in the imperial village of Gochsheim and in the knightly villages. A larger influx to Obbach is only accepted after the Thirty Years' War.

Jewish residents of Obbach have been known since 1730. In the 19th century they made up almost a third of the village's residents. A new synagogue was built in 1850 - it is not known when the first was built. The day after the Reichspogromnacht on November 10, 1938, the synagogue in Obbach was also destroyed and burned down; Houses inhabited by Jews were devastated and their shops looted.

In addition to the synagogue, there was also a parish hall with its own elementary school and a ritual bath . While 106 Jewish citizens were still living in Obbach in 1933, this number had fallen to 36 by 1941 due to emigration. On April 22, 1942, most of them were deported to Theresienstadt via Schweinfurt and Würzburg - only two returned from the concentration camp.

Obbach cleaning mill

The Obbacher Wagner and blacksmith Johann Christoph Baum returned to his home village in 1857, which he had left in 1839 because he had emigrated to America. With ideas and tools from the new world, he and his sons Mathäus and Wilhelm began the series production of grain cleaning mills . They did not purchase the iron parts from a blacksmith, but made them themselves. They obtained the gears from the Schweinfurt master locksmith Georg Schäfer. A total of around 10,000 such mills are said to have been manufactured in Obbach, which were sold in Lower Franconia in particular. However, there were also exports to Hungary and Turkey.

Obbach today

The district today has 882 inhabitants

In 2004 the Office for Rural Development of Lower Franconia started a village renewal program which, in addition to public construction projects for redesigning the village center, also provides for the promotion of private renovation projects.

The village renewal is also accompanied by the Obbach construction works. The goal is to secure the Franconian village "with its typical local constructions and design features for the future and to develop it sustainably."

Personalities

Important sons and daughters of the district

Honorary citizen

Between 1945 and 1978 two honorary citizens were made:

literature

  • Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia or a complete alphabetical description of all cities, monasteries, castles, villages, flecks, farms, mountains, valleys, rivers, lakes, strange areas, etc. , Volume 4, Ulm 1801 , Columns 146-148 online at the Bayerische Staats-Bibliothek
  • Eduard Röß: Obbach. Documented history of a Franconian village . In: Schweinfurter Heimatblätter, Heft 6, 1929, Nr. 2–12 (typewritten manuscript on CD in pdf format attached to the anniversary publication 1200 Years Obbach; page numbers for individual references refer to this manuscript)
  • Oppahu - Obbach (published by the municipality of Euerbach on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the municipality part of Obbach 2013), Ebertshausen 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-041806-8

Web links

Commons : Obbach  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: History of the deposed Feyertage in the knightly Evangelical Lutheran parishes of Obbach, Euerbach, Niederwehrn  - sources and full texts

Remarks

  1. ↑ s. were also also the Knights Canton Odenwald on

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b s. Georg-Wilhelm Hanna : Ministeriality, Power and Mediatization. The knight nobles von Hutten, their social position in church and state until the end of the Old Kingdom (= Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 44). Hanau 2007, ISBN 3-935395-08-6 , p. 443. (= Diss. Bamberg 2006 on the OPUS server , (PDF; 7024 kB).)
  2. ↑ s. Manfred Hock: Foray through Obbach's settlement history . In: Oppahu - Obbach (published by the municipality of Euerbach on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the municipality of Obbach 2013), Ebertshausen 2013, p. 29
  3. ↑ Schloss Obbach: Agriculture sets the tone , at www.mainpost.de, accessed on November 26, 2018
  4. ^ Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia or a complete alphabetical description of all cities, monasteries, castles, villages, spots, farms, mountains, valleys, rivers, lakes, strange areas, etc. , Volume 4, Ulm 1801, columns 146-148 online at the Bayerische Staats-Bibliothek
  5. ↑ s. Bavarian Law and Ordinance Gazette 1971 No. 13 ( Memento of December 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), pp. 247-251.
  6. ↑ s. Klaus-Peter Müller: New beginning after 1945 as reflected in the municipal council minutes . In: Oppahu - Obbach (published by the municipality of Euerbach on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the municipality part of Obbach 2013), Ebertshausen 2013, pp. 144–148.
  7. ↑ Schloss Obbach , on euerbach.de, accessed on November 26, 2018
  8. ↑ s. Elisabeth Böhrer, Andreas Schäfer: On the Jewish history of Obbach . In: Oppahu - Obbach (published by the municipality of Euerbach on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the municipality of Obbach 2013), Ebertshausen 2013, p. 111
  9. ↑ s. Obbach (Euerbach community, Schweinfurt district) Jewish history / synagogue , at www.alemannia-judaica.de, accessed on November 26, 2018
  10. ↑ s. Roland Wolf: Economy and trade in the 19th and 20th centuries . In: Oppahu - Obbach (published by the municipality of Euerbach on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the municipality of Obbach 2013), Ebertshausen 2013, p. 153/154; Uwe Meiners: The grain sweep in Central Europe. Verbal and factual studies of the history of an early agricultural machine . 1983, p. 258/259, full text (PDF)
  11. ↑ s. Roland Wolf: Economy and trade in the 19th and 20th centuries. In: Oppahu - Obbach (published by the municipality of Euerbach on the occasion of the 1200th anniversary of the municipality of Obbach 2013), Ebertshausen 2013, p. 163.
  12. ↑ s. Website of the municipality of Euerbach Information on village renewal in Obbach on the website of the municipality of Euerbach; Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  13. ↑ s. Website of the Bauhütte Homepage of the Bauhütte Obbach ( Memento of the original from May 5, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Retrieved April 23, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bauhuette-obbach.de