Blind red
Blind Red Adelmannsfelder Rot |
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The Blinde Rot runs in the opposite direction to the Bühler in the Ellwang Mountains |
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Data | ||
Water code | DE : 238632 | |
location |
Swabian-Franconian forest mountains
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River system | Rhine | |
Drain over | Kocher → Neckar → Rhine → North Sea | |
source | at Frankenhardt- Hirschhof 49 ° 3 ′ 21 ″ N , 9 ° 59 ′ 22 ″ E |
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Source height | approx. 503 m | |
muzzle | at Abtsgmünd- Schäufele coordinates: 48 ° 54 '15 " N , 9 ° 59' 16" E 48 ° 54 '15 " N , 9 ° 59' 16" E |
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Mouth height | approx. 363 m | |
Height difference | approx. 140 m | |
Bottom slope | approx. 5 ‰ | |
length | 28.2 km | |
Catchment area | 60.7 km² | |
Flowing lakes |
Fleckenbachsee , Betzenweiher at the tributary: Treibsee |
The Blinde Rot , also called Adelmannsfelder Rot , is a river in the Ellwanger Mountains in northern Baden-Württemberg, which rises in the area of the municipality of Frankenhardt and on which the municipality of Abtsgmünd flows into the Kocher from the right .
geography
The Blinde Rot rises on the silica sandstone plateau on the northern foothills of the Ellwang Mountains near Hirschhof , soon flows through the Fleckenbachsee and then runs in valley and meadow meanders to the south, to turn abruptly to the west about 2 km before its mouth in front of the Hornberg then to reach the stove at Schäufele .
Its valley lies over the entire length in the Mittelkeuper . The larger neighboring rivers Bühler and Jagst , which run roughly parallel to the west and east , both flow in opposite directions to the north. Apart from the hamlet of Willa , which is part of Rosenberg, the floodplain is only inhabited by humans at a few mill locations. The valley and the surrounding heights are largely covered by forest, in which small clearing islands are embedded around individual farms and hamlets, some of which at Adelmannsfelden to the west of the valley have grown together to form larger fields and meadows. The very flat Black Jura plateau, which stretches across from Adelmannsfelden to the east of the last third of the valley, is used intensively for agriculture when it is sparsely populated.
Tributaries
The inflows of the Blind Rot include, listed from the source to the mouth:
Surname | Length [km] |
Direction of flow |
Mouth height [m above sea level NN ] |
Mouth | Origin / course |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kohlbach | 0.6 | right | 486 | southwest of Frankenhardt -Ipshof | from the eastern shepherd , flows into Fleckenbachsee |
Kaltenbach (!) | 2.2 | right | 469 | after the Betzenweiher near Rosenberg - Betzenhof | from the western shepherd |
Trout stream | 1.9 | right | 467 | between Rosenberg-Betzenhof and -Zollhof | from the strut |
Höllholzbach | 1.1 | right | 461 | opposite Rosenberg-Zollhof | flows through the fountain blade |
Eisenbach | 1.7 | Left | 458 | south of Rosenberg-Zollhof | from the iron nail |
Kaltenbach (!) | 1.2 | Left | 456 | across from Rosenberg-Uhlenhof | from the Birkhof |
Neumüllerswaldbach | 0.8 | Left | 451 | opposite the southern edge of Rosenberg-Ludwigsmühle | from the northern Vogelbuck |
Vogelklingenbach | 1.1 | Left | 449 | below and across from Rosenberg-Ludwigsmühle | from the southern Vogelbuck |
(Bach through the wolf blade ) | 1.3 | right | 448 | approx. 400 m south-southwest of Rosenberg-Ludwigsmühle | from the west bend of the K 2628 |
(Brook through the castle blade ) | 0.7 | Left | 442 | southwest of the old castle | |
Fuchsbach | 1.6 | Left | 439 | flows through the fox blade | |
Dollesbach | 2.6 | right | 438 | from the direction of Bühlerzell -Kammerstadt, flows through the Treibsee | |
Scherrbach | 1.6 | right | 436 | from the direction of Spatzenhof | |
Einsiedelsbach or maybe Einsiedelbach | 2.1 | Left | 435 | on the sign at the intersection of 49th latitude and 10th longitude | from the direction of Rosenberg- Hohenberg |
(Bach through the Höfelesklinge ) | 1.0 | right | 430 | approx. 400 m north-northeast of Bühlerzell-Röhmen | |
Stadelsbach | 4.1 | Left | 425 | at the Bühlerzeller Röhmensägmühle | from the direction of Rosenberg-Zumholz |
Heidenfeldbach | 0.8 | right | 425 | east of Bühlerzell-Grafenhof at the sewage treatment plant | |
(Inflow) | 0.5 | right | 419 | south-southeast of Adelmannsfelden -Grafenhof | runs past the southern edge of the Grafenhof |
Buchweiherbach | 0.9 | right | 417 | southeast of Adelmannsfelden -Mittelwald | Outflow of the 0.8 hectare beech pond [!] Near Adelmannsfelden-Mittelwald |
Waldbach | 2.4 | Left | 415 | east of the Adelmannsfelden-Vorderwalder Sommerhalde | from the direction of Rosenberg-Hinterbrand |
Geissbach | 1.9 | Left | 411 | across from Vorderwald along the municipal boundary from Adelmannsfelden to Neuler at a dirt road bridge over the Blinde Rot | Headwaters south of Rosenberg-Hütten |
Steinboßbächlein | 1.1 | right | 409 | east under the forest Steinboss | Source on the L 3242, flows for a long time on the northern edge of the Steinboß |
(Inflow at the former Herrenmühle ) | 0.5 | right | 408 | at the foot of Adelmannsfelden-Ottenhof | |
(Inflow) | 0.6 | right | 407 | between Ottenhof and Adelmannsfelden-Dollishäusle | |
Klingenbach (!) | 1.1 | right | 405 | Bridge on the L 1073 Neuler-Gaishardt - Adelmannsfelden | arises in the western area of Adelmannsfelden, runs through Klinge between the village and Dollishäusle in the north |
(Inflow) | 0.7 | right | 399 | into the mill canal of Adelmannsfelden paper mill | is being built south of Mörikestrasse just outside of Adelmannsfelden |
Haldenbach | 3.0 | Left | 398 | Adelmannsfelden paper mill | arises northeast of Gaishardt |
Klingenbach (!) | 1.3 | Left | 395 | is created below the Neuler-Leinenfirster Teufelskanzel | |
Mühlholzbach | 1.0 | Left | 395 | immediately before Neuler-Burghardsmühle | is created below the Neuler-Leinenfirster Teufelskanzel |
(Bach vom Krähenbühl ) | 1.4 | right | 394 | immediately before Neuler-Burghardsmühle | is being built south of Adelmannsfelden am Krähenbühl |
(Bach from the Geheuerfeld ) | 1.8 | right | 394 | immediately after Neuler-Burghardsmühle | arises west of Adelmannsfelden-Metzelgehren in the Geheuerfeld |
Fürtlebach | 1.2 | right | 390 | 400 m south of Neuler-Burghardsmühle | arises south of Abtsgmünd-Herrenwald |
Hartbach | 1.9 | Left | 389 | Headwaters at Neuler-Pfaffenhölzle | |
Jungholzbach | 0.5 | right | 385 | ||
Franzenbach | 1.7 | right | 385 | is being built east of Abtsgmünd- Pommertsweiler | |
Zobelsbach | 1.4 | Left | 383 | from the direction of Neuler-Ramsenstrut | |
Rotwiesenbach | 0.6 | right | 383 | from the Gschäl | |
Fischbach | 3.0 | right | 380 | from the eastern slope of the Büchelberger ridge | |
(Brook from the firewood ) | 0.4 | Left | 380 | ||
(Stream through the birch blade ) | 0.5 | Left | 378 | Abtsgmünder oil and saw mill | from the quarrel |
Ölmühlbach | 0.6 | right | 378 | Abtsgmünder oil and saw mill | from the direction of Abtsgmünd-Wilflingen |
Höftbach | 1.0 | Left | 375 | from the direction of Neuler-Binderhof | |
Götzenreutebach | 0.5 | right | 374 | from Geigersberg | |
Geigersbergbach | 0.4 | Left | 374 | at the west bend | |
Buchhaldenbach | 0.6 | Left | 371 | from the north-western slope of the Hornberg , flows into a side arm | |
Forchenwaldbach | 0.6 | right | 368 | from Geigersberg , flows into the nature reserve Tal der Blinden Rot | |
Kotenbach | 1.2 | right | 367 | northeast of Abtsgmünd -Schäufele | from southeast of Wilflingen |
Environment, protected areas
The Blinde Rot runs in an initially very shallow valley basin, which deepens more deeply from around Willa and nowhere does not exceed a width of 150 m. Mostly enclosed on both sides by forest slopes, a small-scale, natural river landscape has been preserved on the valley floor. Meadows and pastures alternate here with wooded areas, including alder trees that have become rare elsewhere; The river meanders through both of them unhindered in natural meanders with steep and flat slopes, accompanied by sandbanks, oxbow lakes and slowly silting pools. This has led to protected areas being designated for almost the entire length:
In the upper reaches of the valley, partly together with the converging side valleys, up to the Grafenhof district of the municipality of Bühlerzell, is designated as a landscape protection area of the Upper Blinde-Rot-Tal . The area formed by ordinance of the Ostalbkreis district office of May 5, 1994 is 358 hectares and is 128 hectares in the Schwäbisch Hall district (protected area number 1.27.077) and 230 hectares in the Ostalb district (protected area number 1.36.057).
Immediately afterwards to the Burghardsmühle below Adelmannsfelden there is the nature reserve Tal der Blinden Rot . It covers 84.5 hectares and was already designated on December 20, 1968 by ordinance of the Aalen district office with the protected area number 1.36.017.
On the last third of the valley, almost to the mouth, there is the nature reserve Tal der Blinden Rot . The area formed by the ordinance of the Stuttgart Regional Council of October 9, 1990 with the number 1,169 is 60.7 hectares in size.
On the left valley slope of the Unterlauf near Bronnen, surrounded by the upper slope forest, lies the approx. 5 hectare large natural monument Birkhof cattle pasture in a clearing .
fauna
The nature reserve Tal der Blinden Rot is a species-rich biotope with a diverse fauna.
28 species of breeding birds have been observed in the valley , including the dipper , the kingfisher , the woodcock and the reed warbler .
The reptiles are represented by the forest lizard and the slow worm.
Of the 7 amphibian species , the fire salamander and the yellow-bellied toad are particularly worth mentioning.
The rare brown trout and the endangered river lamprey live in the water of the Blind Rot , and many butterflies and dragonflies fly over the floodplains of the stream.
flora
Black alder and willows line the banks of the Blinden Rot . On astonishingly wet parts of the valley floor, alder trees stand between open puddles of water in small swamp forests , the native deciduous forests have stayed in drier areas or spruce trees have been planted. The marsh marigold blooms yellow in spring in the damp locations . The globe flower still grows on the extensively managed wet meadows . The spring rush and various types of sedges such as the yellow , panicle , felt and fox sedge can be found in the wetlands . The yellow iris is not missing here either.
Of orchids that come Broad , the meat red and the rare green-winged orchid in the valley before, else the Yellow Eisenhut and the forest-Columbine . In some places butterbur forests stretch along the watercourse .
The glandular balsam is also found here .
Water quality
As of 2004, the Blinde Rot was only slightly contaminated on its entire course from about the inflow of the Geißbach (quality class I-II).
history
In the catchment area, which is more than half covered by forests, forest management used to be predominant, with charcoal burners , resin mills , tar huts and, above all, the extraction of wood. It was processed into sawn timber in sawmills, but was mainly used as firewood, which was rafted down to the valley in the form of logs. Since the water flow in the valley was too low for constant rafting , swell ponds called floating lakes were built here , the dammed water of which was drained for a short period of time, after which the prepared logs were washed down the valley. In the past, a lot of wood from the forests around the Blinde Rot was transported first through the latter itself and then the water-rich cooker down to Schwäbisch Hall , where the saltworks constantly had a large need for firewood. With the construction of the railway, this mode of transport became obsolete; the name of the lake near Kammerstatt on the left tributary Dollesbach still reminds of this technology.
Sights and buildings
- Fleckenbachsee with the Fleckenbach saw mill
- Middle course with old river arms, sandstone cliffs and sometimes steep side valleys
- Jakobus pilgrimage church Hohenberg in Rosenberg , about 3 km east of the river at an altitude of 568 m on the Zeugenberg mountain of the same name, which offers a view far into the country
- Adelmannsfelden Castle
economy
In the past, water power was used in the Valley of the Blind Red to drive some saw, paper and oil mills. A small sawmill at the Betzenhof has kept from it on the upper reaches , where you can still sometimes see the saw tree cutting logs in an open hut next to the dam road of the Betzenteich. At the Ludwigsmühle below Willa there is a medium-sized wood processing company. Hydropower is still used today at a total of four locations in the valley (Fleckenbachsee, Betzenweiher, paper mill near Adelmannsfelden, Abtsgmünder oil and saw mill).
Importance as a traffic route
Apart from forest roads and a few connecting roads for hamlets and mills in the valley area, which are of little greater importance in terms of traffic, there are hardly any traffic routes along the river. The swampy valley in the upper reaches and the valley gorge in the lower reaches, on the contrary, impede the crossing traffic, so that apart from the L 1060 near Willa and the L 1073 near Adelmannsfelden there are no developed roads of supra-local importance, especially over the deeply sunk lower valley. On the wooded middle course there is a completely pathless and seamless valley section.
See also
- List of the tributaries of the stove
- List of landscape protection areas in the district of Schwäbisch Hall
Notes and individual references
- ↑ Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. → Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
- ↑ Hansjörg Dongus : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 171 Göppingen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1961. → Online map (PDF; 4.3 MB)
- ↑ According to the contour lines of the TK25, see literature.
- ↑ Interpolations from two entered river heights above and below the Kocher on the one hand and on the other hand from the contour map of the TK25, see literature, agree well.
- ↑ a b LUBW-FG10, see the web links.
- ↑ Addition of the areas of the sub-catchment areas according to LUBW-GEZG.
- ↑ Read from LUBW-FG10 or TK25 or interpolated there from the contour line image.
- ↑ According to TK25, in the database of LUBW-FG10 probably wrongly Einsiedelbach .
- ↑ a b LUBW-NSG with the appreciation.
- ↑ a b Personal observation around 2005.
- ↑ Biological water quality map 1: 350,000 of the State Institute for Environmental Protection Baden-Württemberg (PDF; 11.7 MB)
- ↑ For today's use of hydropower see LUBW-WKA.
literature
- "TK25": Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg North, single-sheet cut the maps with the numbers 6925 Obersontheim, 6926 Stimpfach, 7025 Sulzbach-Laufen, 7026 Ellwangen-West.
- Ulrike Kreh: Valley of the Blind Red . In: Reinhard Wolf (ed.): The nature reserves in the Stuttgart administrative region . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-7995-5173-5 , pp. 679-681.
Web links
- Run and catchment area of the Blinden Rot : Landesanstalt für Umwelt Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
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Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( information ), in particular with the partial maps / layers of the State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg (LUBW)
- "LUBW-FG10": River 1: 10,000
- "LUBW-FND": extensive natural monument
- "LUBW-GEZG": water catchment areas
- "LUBW-LSG": landscape protection area
- "LUBW-NSG": nature reserve. From there you can also reach the "Appreciation NSG", via a direct link Profile (Appreciation): Nature reserve "Valley of the Blind Red" .
- "LUBW-SG10": Standing water 1: 10,000
- "LUBW-WKA": hydropower plants
- LGRB-MapServer with geoscientific overview maps of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining
- Wood use yesterday and today (PDF; 190 kB)