Microsoft Office

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Microsoft Office

The Microsoft Office for Windows logo
Word 16.27 on Mac (July 2019)
Microsoft Word 2019 on macOS
Basic data

developer Microsoft Corporation
Publishing year 1989
Current  version Office 2019
(September 24, 2018)
operating system Windows , macOS , iOS , iPadOS , Android , Windows Phone
programming language C ++
category Office package
License proprietary
German speaking Yes
Office (Windows)
Office (Mac)

Microsoft Office refers to an Office package from Microsoft for Windows , macOS , iOS , iPadOS , Android and Windows Phone . Different editions are offered for different tasks , which differ in the components contained, price and licensing. At the same time, subscription-based licensing of the entire Office software has been offered under the name Microsoft 365 ( Office 365 until April 2020 ) since 2011 .

history

macintosh

The first version of Microsoft Office appeared on August 1, 1989 exclusively for the Apple Macintosh and included the word processor Word (version 4.0), the spreadsheet application Excel (version 2.2) and the presentation software PowerPoint (version 2.01) and Microsoft Mail (version 1.37). The last versions for classic Mac OS were Microsoft Office 98 and Microsoft Office 2001 . The published in 2001 Microsoft Office v. X was the first version for Mac OS X, the successor product Microsoft Office 2004 appeared in June 2004.

Office 2008 has been completely redesigned with Xcode . The goal was processor independence, so that Office runs natively on Intel and PowerPCs ( Universal Binary ). With this version the rudimentary VBA support was dropped in favor of AppleScript support. Microsoft had justified this step by stating that the outdated program code could no longer be translated with modern compilers and that porting it to modern GCC compilers would be disproportionate difficulties. With Office 2011, VBA support was reintroduced.

The macOS version Office 2016 has been available as a 32-bit version since July 9, 2015. The 64-bit version was made available on August 22, 2016.

The current macOS version Office 2019 was published on September 24, 2018.

Windows

Microsoft Word 1.1a, part of Office 1.6
Microsoft PowerPoint 3, part of Office 3
Microsoft Excel 5, part of Office 4.3
Microsoft Word 2011, part of Office 2011

The first Office version for Windows appeared at the end of September or in October 1990 (English version). For the first time, it bundled the previously available individual programs Word for Windows 1.1, Excel for Windows 2.0 and PowerPoint for Windows 2.0 for Windows using a common installation program and already offered cross-program data exchange via DDE . This Office version was content with some. a. with EGA graphics, 2 MB RAM and a processor of the 80286 class, but already required a pointing device and - since Windows was not yet very widespread - could also be used under DOS with an adapted Windows runtime. In 1992 the version Microsoft Office 3.0 appeared, which in addition to Word 2.0, Excel 4.0 and Powerpoint 2.0 also included Mail 3.0. In 1994, the three programs Word, Excel and Powerpoint in the Office 4.x versions formed the “Standard” package, which in the “Professional” version was expanded to include the programs Access and Mail (4.0 and 4.3). They worked e.g. B. via OLE 2.0 together.

In 1995 Microsoft Office 95 (version 7) appeared, in which for the first time all components shared the version number - 7.0. Access was also integrated in the installation program. This version only ran on 32-bit - operating systems (Windows 95 or NT 3.51). Was provided a 386 - PC . At the end of 1996 Microsoft Office 97 (version 8) was published, which required a 486 PC and Windows 95 or NT 3.51 (Publisher 98 might require version NT 4.0 instead of NT 3.51).

With Microsoft Office 2000 (Version 9), which appeared in mid-June 1999, a Pentium - compatible processor was specified as the minimum requirement; Support for Windows NT 3.51 was no longer available. At the end of May 2001, Microsoft Office XP (version 10) came out. With Office XP, the Windows version required product activation via the Internet or telephone for the first time . Without this activation, the program stopped working after a few starts. Windows 95 was no longer supported. Office XP was the last Office suite to run on MS-DOS- based operating systems ( Windows 98 / ME ).

On October 21, 2003, Microsoft Office 2003 (Version 11) was available for Windows . InfoPath form processing was also introduced there. The 2003 version only supported operating systems based on NT, whereby at least Windows 2000 had to be used. Support for Windows NT 4.0 and the Windows 98 / ME product lines was no longer available. Office 2003 is the oldest Office that is officially compatible with Windows 7 .

From version 2007 onwards, so-called ribbons (context-related function or menu bars) were introduced in the user interface .

The Office version 2016 for Windows has been available since September 22, 2015. The successor, Office 2019 , was released on September 24, 2018.

Market status

Microsoft's office suites occupy a dominant position in the US and Europe ; the components Word , Excel , PowerPoint , Access and Outlook form the de facto standard in their respective fields of application in today's office environments and have formerly competing products such as the word processing system WordPerfect , the spreadsheets Quattro Pro and Lotus 1-2-3 or Symphony as well the Paradox database management system . The biggest competitors for Microsoft's office suite are OpenOffice.org and LibreOffice , which, depending on the study, have a market share of between 5% and 19%.

The FrontPage HTML editor , which was made for Windows, was the world's best-selling software in its market segment and was included in the premium version of MS Office 2000, XP and 2003. Nevertheless, development was stopped in 2003. "Microsoft Office SharePoint Designer 2007" took on similar functions in MS Office 2007, but requires a SharePoint server. In autumn 2007 Microsoft Expression Web succeeded Microsoft FrontPage .

Localizations

Microsoft Office for Mac is localized and published in different languages.

Under Windows, the original English product can be expanded with MUI language packs, so that users can freely select the one that suits them from a list of installed languages ​​at any time. There are also versions for smaller language groups, which are based on the MUI interface and can be implemented by interested associations in cooperation with Microsoft. Since the summer of 2006, a language pack including a spell and grammar check for Rumantsch Grischun can be downloaded from the Lia Rumantscha for Office 2003 ; in spring 2007, an Alsatian version was presented by the Office for Language and Culture in Alsace (Office pour la Langue et la Culture d'Alsace, OLCA). The language packs are either installed later using a normal setup process or integrated directly into the Office installation by slipstreaming .

Microsoft Office Mobile

Microsoft Office Mobile is a variant of Microsoft Office specially designed for smartphones . The operating systems Windows 10 , iOS , iPadOS and Android are officially supported . Earlier versions also supported Windows Mobile and Windows Phone .

Microsoft Office Online

Since June 2010 Microsoft has offered a reduced version of the Word, Excel, PowerPoint and OneNote applications as Office Online (formerly Office Web Apps). They are part of Outlook.com and linked to other cloud offerings, including Microsoft OneDrive . As part of the presentation of Office 2013 and Windows 8 , Microsoft also presented a new version of Office Online, which is now based entirely on HTML5 . They can no longer only be used in Internet Explorer , but also in other browsers and especially in Safari under Apple iOS and iPadOS .

Components

Components shipped with Office 2010, 2011, and 2016

The following components belong to the current Microsoft Office system (Office 2010 for Windows , Office 2011 for Macintosh) and Office 2016 for Windows, Mac, iOS and Android , some of which are available in different editions and for the most part also or only as individual programs :

product description Windows OS X
Word Word processing X X
Excel Spreadsheet X X
PowerPoint Presentation program X X
Outlook Personal Information Manager X X
Access Database management system X
Publisher Desktop publishing X
OneNote Information management X X
InfoPath Form creation and evaluation X
Skype for Business 1) Messenger software X X

Remarks:

1)formerly Lync or Office Communicator

Eliminated components

Components that are no longer included in the office packages (2010 and 2011):

product Delivery with description Windows macintosh
Mail individual versions up to Office 4.3 E-mail program X X
Binder Office 95 to 2000 Project composition X
Schedule + Office 95 (as a supplement up to Office 2003) Appointment calendar X
PhotoDraw 5) Office 97 and 2000 6) image editing X
Photo Editor 4) Office 97 to XP 6) image editing X
FrontPage 3) up to Office 2003 HTML editor X
Project up to Office 2003 1) Project management software X
Visio up to Office 2003 1) Visualization program X
Groove 8) Office 2007 through Office 2010 Collaboration software X
Outlook Express Office 98 only E-mail program X
Virtual PC 7) Office 2004 only 2) PC emulation X
Entourage Office 2001 to 2008 Personal Information Manager X
Expression Media Office 2008 only Media management program X

Remarks:

1) still available as a single version
2) still available as a stand-alone version under Windows and not in the Office suite, discontinued under Macintosh
3)has been replaced by the individual products Microsoft Expression Web and Microsoft SharePoint Designer
4)was replaced in Office 2003 by the Picture Manager
5) Available under Office 97 as a “Draw 98” plug-in (download)
6)Development was stopped afterwards; the separately available program Microsoft Photo Suite was available (development also discontinued)
7) Windows version subsequently made available for free download
8th)In Office 2007 under the name Groove . Renamed to Microsoft SharePoint Workspace in Office 2010 , then completely discontinued

Server components for Windows systems

The following server components are part of the current Microsoft Office system

  • Microsoft Office Forms Server, scalable, standards-based electronic forms solutions with enhanced security
  • Microsoft Office Groove Server, so that the client software can be provided, managed and integrated company-wide
  • Microsoft Office Office Communications Server, offers employees the opportunity to find people within their company and to communicate with them in real time.
  • Microsoft Office Office PerformancePoint Server, business intelligence software that combines monitoring, analysis and planning functions in one application
  • Microsoft Office Office Project Server, in conjunction with the associated clients, enables a company to manage and coordinate the entire project life cycle more effectively, from one-off projects to complex programs
  • Microsoft Office Office SharePoint Server , an organization can use it to simplify collaboration between employees, provide content management features, implement business processes and provide access to information that is critical to the company's goals and processes.
  • Microsoft Office Office SharePoint Server for Search, a search solution for the company-wide intranet and for websites.

Office editions

The different versions of Office are offered in different combinations, so-called "editions". These differ in the target group, the composition and the price. In addition, Microsoft changes the components of these compilations from version to version; H. the “Standard” edition of the 2003 version contains different programs than the 2010 version, etc. The packages also differ in the number of installation licenses, which is not always recognizable from the name of the edition offered.

  • Office 95: Standard, Professional
  • Office 97: Standard, Small Business, Professional, Developer
  • Office 98: Standard, Gold
  • Office 2000: Standard, Small Business, Professional, Premium, Developer
  • Office XP: Standard for students and teachers, Standard, Professional, Small Business, Professional with publisher, developer
  • Office 2003: Basic, Students and Teachers, Standard, Small Business, Professional
  • Office 2004: Standard, Professional, Student & Teacher
  • Office 2007: see Microsoft Office 2007 # editions
  • Office 2008: Home & Student, Standard, Business Edition, Special Media Edition
  • Office 2010: see Microsoft Office 2010 # editions
  • Office 2011: Home & Student, Home & Business, Academic, Standard
  • Office 2013: see Microsoft Office 2013 # editions
  • Office 2016: see Microsoft Office 2016 # editions
  • Office 2019: see Microsoft Office 2019 # editions

Versions

The following important information is missing from this article or section:
There are no editions for Windows Phone Mobile, iOS, Android and Windows Phone
Help Wikipedia by researching and pasting it .

List of all final versions delivered to date that have been released for Windows, macOS or Mac OS Classic:

designation Release date version Operating
system		 Applications Remarks
Office 1 1989 1.0 Mac OS Classic Word 4.0, Excel 2.2, PowerPoint 2.01 and Mail 1.37 First Office version, it was originally published as a limited package of individual programs (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Mail), later offered as a standard.
Office 1 October 1990 1.0 Windows Word, Excel, PowerPoint First Office version for Windows 3.0, only on floppy disks
Office 1.5 1991 1.5 Mac OS Classic Word 4, Excel 3.0, PowerPoint 2 Update of Excel, supports System 7 for the first time .
Office 1.5 March 1991 1.5 Windows Word, Excel 3.0, PowerPoint Update of Excel, available as an update of the previous version (depending on the purchase date of the previous version, free or paid)
Office 1.6 July 1991 1.6 Windows Word 1.1, Excel 3.0, PowerPoint 2.0, Mail 2.1
Office 3.0 August 30, 1992 3.0 Windows Word 2.0c, Excel 4.0a, PowerPoint 3.0, Mail, Access 1.1 (1993) Available for the first time on CD-ROM
Office 3 1992 3.0 Mac OS Classic Word 5.0, Excel 4.0 and PowerPoint 3.0 Excel 4.0 with AppleScript support
Office 4.0 17th January 1994 4.0 Windows Word 6.0, Excel 4.0, PowerPoint 3.0, Mail, Access 2.0. OLE interface for mutual integration. The English version included a voucher for a free upgrade to Excel 5.0 and PowerPoint 4.0, subject to availability. 3.5 "floppy disks (1.44 MB) with coupon for 720K and 5.25" floppy disks.
Office 4.2 1994 4.2 Mac OS Classic Word 6.0, Excel 5.0, PowerPoint 4.0 and Mail 3.2 First Office for the Power Macintosh . The user interface was identical to Office 4.2 for Windows.
Office 4.2 16-bit: May '94
32-bit: Sept. '94 		4.2 Windows Word 6.0, Excel 5.0, PowerPoint 4.0, Access 2.0, "Microsoft Office Manager" 32-bit version: Word and Excel for i386, MIPS, PowerPC, and Alpha (Office and individual programs have the suffix “for Windows NT”), PowerPoint as 16-bit for i386
Office 4.2.1 1994 4.2.1 Mac OS Classic Word 6.01, Excel 5, PowerPoint 4 Update for Word, last version for 68k Macintoshs.
Office 4.3 June 2, 1994 4.3 Windows Word 6.0, Excel 5.0, PowerPoint 4.0, Access 2.0, Mail 3.2 last version with Windows 3.1 support
Office 95 August 30, 1995 7.0 Windows Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access 7, Publisher 95, Schedule + 7 32-bit for Windows NT and 95, also supplied on CD-ROM. The 32-bit code was not optimized for speed, but for high compatibility with NT on a wide range of CPUs .
Office 97 December 30, 1996 8.0 Windows Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access 97, Publisher 97 or 98 (SBS 1.0 or 2.0), for the first time with Outlook (optionally Schedule + 7.5 up to and including Off. 2003) last version with support for NT 3.51 (Outlook, FrontPage and Publisher 98 require Windows NT 4.0); last delivered on 3½ "floppy disks (45 floppy disks for the standard and 55 floppy disks for the professional version); introduction of the office assistant including the figure of Karl Klammer
Office 98 March 15, 1998 8.0 Mac OS Classic Word 98, Excel 98, PowerPoint 98, Internet Explorer 4, Outlook Express 4 Office was largely redesigned with a user interface designed for Mac OS, System 7.5 or higher.
Office 2000 January 27, 1999 9.0 Windows Word 2000, Excel 2000, Access 2000, Outlook 2000, Publisher 2000, PowerPoint 2000, Small Business Customer Manager, FrontPage 2000, PhotoDraw 2000 last version with support for Windows 95
Office 2001 October 11, 2000 9.0 Mac OS Classic Word 2001, Excel 2001, PowerPoint 2001 and Entourage 2001 last edition for Classic systems. It requires Mac OS 8.1 , Mac OS 8.5 or higher is recommended.
Office XP May 31, 2001 10.0 Windows Word 2002 etc. Introduction of product activation; last version with support for Windows 98 / ME / NT 4.0
Office vX November 19, 2001 10.0 Mac OS X Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Entourage first edition for Mac OS X
Office 2003 November 17, 2003 11.0 Windows Word 2003, Excel 2003, Powerpoint 2003, Access 2003 etc. XML support; last version with support for Windows 2000
Office 2004 May 11, 2004 11.0 Mac OS X Word 2004, Excel 2004, PowerPoint 2004, Entourage 2004 Requires a PowerPC processor on Mac OS X 10.2.8 "Jaguar" up to Mac OS X Leopard (10.5.8) and runs with Rosetta on Mac OS X Tiger, version 10.4.4 up to Mac OS X Snow Leopard (10.6.8) also on Intel Macs, last update: 11.6.6 (December 13, 2011)
Office 2007 January 30, 2007 12.0 Windows Word 2007, Excel 2007, etc. New user interface with multi-function bar (“ Ribbon ”) instead of menus; Introduction of a new XML file format, also called OOXML, which is not identical and incompatible with the ISO standard OOXML . Since SP2 also support for ODF  1.1
Office 2008 January 15, 2008 12.0 Mac OS X Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Entourage, Expression Media First native Mac version for Intel processors ( Universal Binary ) and runs on Mac OS X Tiger, version 10.4.9 and newer, no VBA , comprehensive AppleScript support, last update: 12.3.6 (March 11, 2013)
Office 2010 June 15, 2010 14.0 Windows Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access, Outlook, OneNote, Publisher, InfoPath Designer, InfoPath Editor, SharePoint Workspace

Individual products: Office Mobile for Windows Mobile, Visio, Project
Web version: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, OneNote

First support for the ISO standardized OOXML file format. There is also a free basic version. First version with which documents can also be edited in the browser over a network or the Internet. Last version for Windows XP and Vista.

According to information from the Technical Preview (Build 14.0.4006.1110):

  • Available in 32-bit and 64-bit versions.
  • Runs on Windows XP with SP3, Vista (at least SP1), Windows 7 and Windows 8.
  • Both the 32-bit and the 64-bit version can run under a 64-bit operating system.
Office 2011 October 26, 2010 14.0 Mac OS X Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook Entourage becomes Outlook, which is now based entirely on Cocoa and enables the import of PST files. Requires an Intel processor and at least Mac OS X Leopard, version 10.5.8 . Introduction of the menu bar familiar from Office 2007. The connection to the macro language Visual Basic for Applications is also returning and the joint editing of documents at different locations via Sharepoint technologies should be possible, last update: July 14th (September 2017)
Office 2013 January 29, 2013 15.0 Windows Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneNote, Publisher, Access, InfoPath, SharePoint The interface has been revised and adapted to Windows 8. Office 2013 has been optimized for operation on touch screens.
Office 2016 OS X:
July 9th, 2015
Windows:
September 22nd, 2015 		OS X:
15.x  (until December 17)
16.x  (from January 18)
Windows:
16.0 		Windows and OS X Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, OneNote (Windows also: Publisher, Access) The color of the surface has been revised, and the Mac and Windows versions have been adjusted to one another. Office has been supplemented with some new functions such as improved collaboration options.
Office 2019 September 24, 2018 macOS:
16.17  (RTM)
Windows:
16.0 		Windows and macOS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook (Windows additionally: Publisher, Access; macOS additionally: OneNote) Office 365 functions from Office 2016 are all in this version. There are also new animations in PowerPoint and new forms in Excel. Office 2019 is only available for Windows 10, OneNote is only available for macOS and Windows 10.

With version 7.0, which was only released for Windows, there was a multiple version jump in partial programs in order to:

  • to provide all programs with the same version number
  • Bringing Mac and PC to a uniform version number

The Mac and Windows versions received the same internal numbers from version 8 onwards, but could be distinguished by the designation (XP or vX and the other year numbers).

Interoperability

The following important information is missing from this article or section:
Mac versions and versions for tablets / smartphones are not included in the table
Help Wikipedia by researching and pasting it .

The table below contains a simplified representation of the interoperability of common document standards with Windows-based Office versions.

In newer Office versions, documents can also be exported to PDF format. As of Office 2013, the "PDF Reflow" function also offers the option of importing data from PDF files. According to Microsoft, however, the aim is not to replace display or editing programs for PDF files.

Office 2003 Office 2007 Office 2010 Office 2013 Office 2016
for Windows 		Office 2019
Binary formats (.doc, .xls, .ppt) 1 Read Write Read Write Read Write Read Write Read Write Read Write
OOXML (Version ECMA-376, "OOXML 1st Edition") 2 Read Write Read Write Just read Just read Just read Just read
OOXML (ISO / IEC 29500: 2008 - Transitional) Just read Just read Read Write Read Write Read Write Read Write
OOXML (ISO / IEC 29500: 2008 - Strict) No No Just read Read Write Read Write Read Write
ODF 1.1 No Read Write Read Write Just read Just read Just read
ODF 1.2 No No No Read Write Read Write Read Write

Remarks:

1The binary formats are not an open standard ; They are constantly being further developed and updated by Microsoft.
2 Officially referred to by Microsoft as "Ecma Office Open XML File Format".

criticism

An investigation by the Dutch government in late autumn 2018 came to the conclusion that Microsoft is using Office 2016 and Office 365 to collect personal user data and thereby violate the GDPR.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jared Spataro: Office 2019 is now available for Windows and Mac. Microsoft Corporation , September 24, 2018, accessed September 26, 2018 .
  2. ↑ www.lextrait.com .
  3. ↑ Andreas Beier: Microsoft's plans for Mac OS X. In: Heise online . August 8, 2006 . Retrieved February 14, 2012.
  4. ↑ Dieter Brors, Office 2008, in: c't special 2/2008, Mac, pages 62ff., 65.
  5. ↑ Leo Becker: Office for Mac 2016: 64-bit and important security update. In: Heise online . 23rd August 2016 . Retrieved August 23, 2016.
  6. ↑ Microsoft: MS16-099: Description of the security update for Office 2016 for Mac: August 22, 2016 , August 22, 2016, accessed on August 23, 2016
  7. ^ A b Stuart J. Johnston: Office for Windows Bundles Popular Microsoft Applications. InfoWorld, October 1, 1990 (page 16); literally: "announced last week" (announced last week)
  8. ↑ Ivanka Menken: Microsoft Office 365 Complete Certification Kit - Core Series for IT, Emereo Publishing, 2012, p. 2066 [1]
  9. ↑ a b c Microsoft Office 4.0 Professional , pcmuseum.ca (see enlarged box front)
  10. ↑ Description of the versions of Microsoft Office client software supported on Windows 7 , Microsoft Support, accessed on May 17, 2014
  11. ↑ Statistics on the worldwide distribution of MS Office (English), accessed on March 12, 2010
  12. ↑ Market Share Analysis - Developer Wiki from OpenOffice.org
  13. ↑ Office 2003 Romansh Interface Pack
  14. ^ Andreas Wilkens: First Microsoft Office version in the regional language: Alsatian. In: Heise online . April 18, 2007 . Retrieved February 14, 2012.
  15. ↑ Office in the browser: Microsoft Office Web Apps put to the test. Access documents from anywhere. netzwelt GmbH, June 10, 2010, accessed on February 14, 2012 .
  16. ↑ Moritz Stückler: Office Web Apps: Microsoft is finalizing Cloud Office with new features. In: t3n magazine . October 23, 2012, accessed October 24, 2012 .
  17. ↑ a b Schedule + can be used from Office 97 as the main calendar in addition to Outlook:
  18. ↑ PerformancePoint Server Developer Portal
  19. ^ "The Microsoft Office Bundles 4 Programs," InfoWorld, June 19, 1989, page 37, accessed November 7, 2011
  20. ↑ Microsoft ships updated Office for Windows . In: InfoWorld , March 4, 1991, p. 16. 
  21. ^ The Microsoft Office for Windows 1.6 Advertisement . In: InfoWorld , July 8, 1991, pp. 18-19. 
  22. ↑ Elizabeth Eva: Microsoft Incorporates Mail for PC Networks Into Office for Windows . In: InfoWorld , May 27, 1991, p. 16. 
  23. ^ Shawn Willett: Microsoft Office gets Access . In: InfoWorld , May 10, 1993, p. 111. 
  24. ^ The Microsoft Office Professional Advertisement . In: InfoWorld , July 5, 1993, pp. 17-19. 
  25. ↑ pipeline . In: InfoWorld , February 15, 1993, p. 16. 
  26. ↑ a b Microsoft Announces Word 6.0 and Microsoft Excel 5.0 for Windows NT Workstation. (No longer available online.) PR Newswire, 1994, formerly original ; Retrieved February 14, 2012 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.krsaborio.net  
  27. ↑ Microsoft announced Word 6.0 and Microsoft Excel 5.0 for Windows NT Workstation . Thefreelibrary.com. September 19, 1994. Retrieved March 10, 2012.
  28. ↑ Microsoft readies supporting versions of Microsoft Excel and Word for Windows NT The PowerPC . Thefreelibrary.com. June 12, 1995. Retrieved March 10, 2012.
  29. ^ Alan Zisman: MS Office 95: This Suite smells of success.
  30. ↑ https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/tn-archive/cc767941(v=technet.10)
  31. ↑ Microsoft Office File Format Documentation Introduction , Documentation status: September 4, 2015
  32. ↑ New file format options in the new Office , August 13, 2012
  33. ↑ Understanding Office Binary File Formats
  34. ↑ heise online: Investigation: Microsoft Office collects data and violates the GDPR. Accessed November 27, 2018 (German).