Rich raming

The extension of Reichraming is 10.4 km from north to south, 16.9 km from west to east, 79.2% of the area is forested, 11.5% is used for agriculture. The center of the village is 356 m above sea level and is on the Reichramingbach river . Reichraming is divided into two localities, Arzberg and Reichraming, by the Enns.

The municipality is surrounded by mountains - the Reichraminger Schneeberg, the Fahrenberg and the Schieferstein .

Community structure

The municipality includes the following two localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):

Arzberg (644)
Rich raming (1064)

The community consists of the cadastral communities Arzberg and Reichraming.

The individual districts in Reichraming are Dirnbach, Niglgraben, Weißenbach, Anzenbach and the Reichraminger Hintergebirge towards the south. The Rohrbachgraben, Steinbachgraben and Hohe Dirn lie in the direction of Losenstein . The Brunnthal and the Heinzl are in the direction of Großraming .

Neighboring communities

The community of Reichraming borders on the neighboring communities of Losenstein and Laussa in the north, Großraming in the east, Weyer and Windischgarsten in the south and Molln and Ternberg in the west.

history

Early history

Paleolithic stone tools and bones found in the Nixloch and in the Schaflucke near Losenstein prove the early settlement of the area around Reichraming. Hole axes and flat hatchets from the Neolithic period indicate a settlement in the village of Arzberg.

middle Ages

The name "Reichraming" ( → see below ) suggests Slavic settlements, the first settlements probably originated in the 6th or 7th century AD. Settlement over the Pyhrn from the Carinthian Mark as well as settlement is possible here Slavs from the Lower Austrian Danube region. In the 8th century, the Kremsmünster monastery foundation letter mentions the Slavs who live around Steyr. A first Bavarian settlement activity can possibly be derived from the house name "Bayrnedt". After the area became independent in 787 under Tassilo III. lost, it has been part of the Franconian Empire since that time . Reichraming has been part of the Duchy of Austria since the 12th century.

Since 1490 it has been assigned to the Principality of Austria ob der Enns . At that time the population lived from agriculture, but the ore of the slate and the wood from the Rohrbachgraben also laid a foundation for the development of the place. At the beginning of the 15th century, around 200 master nail smiths are based in the Losenstein parish . They process iron that is obtained from raft docks on the Enns.

16th to 20th century

In connection with the first Turkish siege of Austria in the 16th century, there is the Turkish House , a listed building that was built in 1586. This stands on the grounds of a former hammer mansion in which Turkish besiegers could have taken quarters. The field names Türkenwiese and Türkentümpel give further evidence of a siege of Reichramings by Akindschi .

During the Napoleonic Wars , the place was occupied several times.

Since 1918 the place belongs to the federal state of Upper Austria. After the annexation of Austria to the German Reich on March 13, 1938, the place belonged to the Gau Oberdonau . In 1945 Upper Austria was restored.

In the middle of 1982, Ennskraftwerke AG presented the project of two storage power plants located one behind the other with 80 m (Große Klause barrier) and 99.5 m (barrier Kaiblingsmauer) in the Reichraminger Hintergebirge. There was broad resistance, coordinated by ARGE Hintergebirge, against this construction of the largest ecologically intact and biologically valuable brook system in Upper Austria with a length of 20 km - also as a recreation area to protect nature. The inefficiency of the expected electricity production was confirmed in the spring of 1984 by Minister of Commerce Norbert Steger and the power plant project was withdrawn.

As a result, the Triftsteig in the Great Gorge was insured as a via ferrata , the cycle route to Unterlaussa and hiking trails opened in May 1987. In 1997 the Kalkalpen National Park was founded.

Place names

The name Reichraming

The place name Reichraming has an important history for Slavonic studies . Raming comes from the Slavic Rubьnica (South Slavic: Ribnica ), which means "Fischbach". Reichraming means “rich Fischbach”, meaning the Reichramingbach. The particular interest for linguistics lies in the archaic sound level with which this place name was adopted by the German settlers in the early Middle Ages. The name of the brook is documented as Rubinicha as early as 1082 , which presupposes rubinika and not rybьnica , as the “ancient Slavonic” form of this word was according to the long prevailing view of Slavic studies.

The Viennese Slavist Georg Holzer , referring to the name Rubinicha / Raming and about ten other Slavic place names and words that were borrowed early in other languages, has been able to prove since 1995 that the Prot-Slavic language sounded much more archaic around the year AD 600, as previously accepted (source (among others): G. Holzer: The first post-Ur-Slavonic phonetic innovations and their relative chronology; in: Linguistica Baltica 4, pp. 247-256; 1995). Far-reaching changes took place in the following 250 years or so until the beginning of the written tradition of the Slavic languages in Old Church Slavonic texts. On the basis of these texts, linguists developed the " ancient Slavonic " language since the 19th century ; the additional information from the Slavic lexemes , which were borrowed particularly early in other languages, was not yet taken into account in this work.

Place names in the municipality

The information provided comes from the representations of Brunnthaler:

Arzberg : indicates the ore-containing slate stone. In 1255 the village was first mentioned as Erzperg as part of a donation to the Garsten Monastery .
Anzenbach : comes from Atze , which means something like pasture place. The village was first mentioned in 1530 as Atzenbach.
Dürnbach : should be etymologically due to arid brook.
Rohrbachgraben : The Rohrbachgraben is first mentioned in 1313 as Rorbach.

Culture and sights

Reichraming Parish Church

Forest Museum Reichraming: The hard life of forest workers is documented in the museum. Models of drift systems and numerous exhibits about woodwork complete the exhibition.
Reichraming Parish Church
Kalkalpen National Park

coat of arms

Blazon : “Divided by a silver sloping bar; Above in red two silver rootless conifers, the right one smaller than the left, below divided nine times by blue and gold. ”The community colors are red and yellow.

Population development

In 1991 the municipality had 1,936 inhabitants according to the census, in 2001 it had 1,884 inhabitants. Despite the positive birth balance, the population decreased to 1,805 by 2011 and to 1,742 by 2018 due to the strongly negative migration balance .

Economy and Transport

The Reichraming brass factory existed in Reichraming from 1569 to 1928. It was one of the oldest companies in the metalworking industry in the Habsburg hereditary lands and was a prime example of Austrian economic history.

Reichraming station is located on a section of the Rudolfsbahn , where the Reichraming Forest Railway ended .

The small power station in Schallau was built on a weir on Reichramingbach in the 1920s . (The EKW storage power plant project from 1982 was not implemented.) The weir was destroyed in a flood in 2002. The Austrian Federal Forests rebuilt the weir and modernized the power plant by 2006. With a new Kaplan tube turbine and the horizontal Francis turbine from 1926, 320 kW output and 1,250 MWh annual yield are generated from a 4.95 m head.

literature

Josef Aschauer: The brass factory in Reichraming. A contribution to Upper Austrian economic history. In: Upper Austrian homeland sheets . Volume 7, Issue 3–4, Linz 1953, pp. 313–326 ( online (PDF; 1.8 MB) in the OoeGeschichte.at forum).
Adolf Brunnthaler: Reichraming. Gnas 2000.

Web links

Commons : Reichraming - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Map in the Digital Upper Austrian Room Information System ( DORIS )
More information about the community of Reichraming on the geo-information system of the federal state of Upper Austria .

Individual evidence

↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
^ Girkinger Ludwig: Chronicle Reichraming
↑ Wiesinger Peter: The settlement of Upper Austria in the light of place names. In: Baiern and Slavs in Upper Austria. Trauner Verlag, 1980, p. 159.
↑ Helmut Daucher: Reichraminger Hintergebirge - model of a "gentle" tourism development. In: ÖKO.L magazine for ecology, nature and environmental protection. Volume 9, Issue 4, Linz 1987 ( PDF on ZOBODAT , accessed February 1, 2020).
↑ Codex Traditionum Monasterii Garstensis . In: Upper Austrian document book . Volume 1, No. V, 1082, p. 118 (rubinicha, rubiniccha).
^ Adolf Brunnthaler: Reichraming. P. 70ff.
↑ Otakar, King of Bohemia, etc., prescribes the Garsten monastery two talents in income from goods in the offices of Ternberg and Moln for the purpose of collecting tithes . In: Upper Austrian document book . Volume 3, No. CCXXVI, Linz, 1255, p. 226 (Erzperg).
↑ Emperor Maximilian's hunting book for Upper Austria. P. 65 f.
^ State of Upper Austria, coat of arms of the Reichraming community. Retrieved March 23, 2019 .
^ Statistics Austria, A look at the community of Reichraming, population development. Retrieved March 23, 2019 .
↑ Untertauern: New power plant opens on the Taurach salzburg24.at, July 15, 2019, accessed February 1, 2020.
↑ Small Hydropower Schallau bundesforste.at, accessed February 1, 2020.

[Metadaten_Einwohnerzahl_AT_Ortschaft_QUELLE-1] Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )

[2] Girkinger Ludwig: Chronicle Reichraming

[3] Wiesinger Peter: The settlement of Upper Austria in the light of place names. In: Baiern and Slavs in Upper Austria. Trauner Verlag, 1980, p. 159.

[4] Helmut Daucher: Reichraminger Hintergebirge - model of a "gentle" tourism development. In: ÖKO.L magazine for ecology, nature and environmental protection. Volume 9, Issue 4, Linz 1987 ( PDF on ZOBODAT , accessed February 1, 2020).

[5] Codex Traditionum Monasterii Garstensis . In: Upper Austrian document book . Volume 1, No. V, 1082, p. 118 (rubinicha, rubiniccha).

[6] Adolf Brunnthaler: Reichraming. P. 70ff.

[7] Otakar, King of Bohemia, etc., prescribes the Garsten monastery two talents in income from goods in the offices of Ternberg and Moln for the purpose of collecting tithes . In: Upper Austrian document book . Volume 3, No. CCXXVI, Linz, 1255, p. 226 (Erzperg).

[8] Emperor Maximilian's hunting book for Upper Austria. P. 65 f.

[9] State of Upper Austria, coat of arms of the Reichraming community. Retrieved March 23, 2019 .

[10] Statistics Austria, A look at the community of Reichraming, population development. Retrieved March 23, 2019 .

[11] Untertauern: New power plant opens on the Taurach salzburg24.at, July 15, 2019, accessed February 1, 2020.

[12] Small Hydropower Schallau bundesforste.at, accessed February 1, 2020.