SM U 75
| SM U 75 ( previous / next - all submarines ) |
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| Construction data | ||
| Submarine type: | Single-hull deep-sea boat war order E / UE |
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| Series: | U 75 - U 80 | |
| Builder: | Vulkan shipyard, Hamburg | |
| Build number: | 57 | |
| Launch: | January 30, 1916 | |
| Commissioning: | March 26, 1916 | |
| Technical specifications | ||
| Displacement: | 755 tons (above water) 832 tons (under water) |
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| Length: | 56.80 m | |
| Width: | 5.90 m | |
| Draft: | 4.86 m | |
| Pressure body ø: | 5.00 m | |
| Max. Diving depth: | 50 m | |
| Dive time: | 40-50 s | |
| Drive: | Diesel engines 900 PS E-machines 900 PS |
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| Speed: | 9.9 knots (above water) 7.9 knots (under water) |
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| Armament: | 1 × bow torpedo tube (port side) 1 × stern torpedo tube (starboard) (4 torpedoes in the upper deck) 1 × 8.8 cm deck gun 2 × stern mine tube (38 sea mines) |
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| Mission data | ||
| Commander: |
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| Crew (target strength): | 4 officers 28 men |
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| Calls: | 8th | |
| Successes: | 9 sunk merchant ships
1 sunk warship |
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| Whereabouts: | sunk by a mine in the North Sea on December 13, 1917 | |
SM U-75 was a diesel-electric mines - submarine of the class UE of the German Imperial Navy . It was used in the First World War . The sinking of HMS Hampshire , in which the British Minister of War , Lord Kitchener , was killed is attributed to a mine of U 75 .
Special feature of the armament and motorization
The main task of U 75 was laying the sea mines, up to 38 of which could be transported inside the boat. They were laid via two outlet pipes in the stern of the boat. It was therefore not primarily a submarine for torpedo attacks. Compared to other deep-sea submarines, it was relatively weakly motorized. Even the surface speed remained in the single digits. The torpedo armament was only used for self-defense.
Calls
U 75 ran on 30 January 1916, which Vulkan shipyard in Hamburg from the stack and was put into service on March 26, 1916th The submarine was assigned to the I. U-Boot Flotilla in June 1916 . The commanders of the submarine were Kapitänleutnant Kurt Beitzen (March 26, 1916 to May 1, 1917) and Lieutenant Fritz Schmolling (May 2, 1917 to December 13, 1917).
During the First World War, U 75 carried out eight operations in the eastern North Atlantic and the North Sea . Nine merchant ships with a total tonnage of 13,618 GRT were sunk. In addition, the British armored cruiser Hampshire with 10,850 GRT was sunk as the first and largest ship . The cruiser sank in stormy seas west of the Orkney Islands on June 5, 1916 after hitting a mine. It is believed that the mine came from U 75 . U 75 laid mines in these waters at the end of May 1916. Among the more than 600 fatalities was the British Minister of War, Lord Kitchener, who had embarked on a diplomatic mission to Russia . Various conspiracy theories have grown up around Kitchener's death . After that, Kitchener is said to have been the victim of a murder plot by Irish separatists or British adversaries. It is more plausible, however, that the German Navy knew of security measures west of Orkney based on a decrypted British radio message and concluded that there was an upcoming special operation. U 75 is said to have been directed to lay mines in this same sea area.
U 75 also mined a shipping lane at the entrance to the White Sea . This sank the cargo ships Etton and Kovda , among others . The British naval trawler Arctic Prince was damaged.
Whereabouts
On December 13, 1917, U 75 was escorted by two minesweepers through the minefields around Heligoland to the yellow outlet. After the search boats had received the freighter Nordstern , the submarine continued on its own. Shortly afterwards, U 75 ran into a mine north of Terschelling . Part of the crew went on deck and fired signal rockets that were seen on the Nordstern . When the ship turned around and reached the place where the submarine went down ( 53 ° 59 ′ N , 5 ° 24 ′ E ), eight crew members were rescued. Among the survivors was the commandant, Kapitänleutnant Schmolling. There are indications that the mine was deliberately placed in the supposedly safe outlet route by the British submarine E 51 . The German submarine UB 61 had already sunk through such a mine on November 29, 1917 . The U 75 propeller can now be viewed in the Laboe Naval Memorial .
literature
- Bodo Herzog: German U-Boats 1906–1966 . Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen, 1993, ISBN 3-86070-036-7 .
- Paul Kemp: The German and Austrian submarine losses in both world wars . Urbes, Graefelfing 1998, ISBN 3-924896-43-7 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bodo Herzog: German U-Boats 1906–1966 . Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1993, p. 136.
- ↑ Bodo Herzog: German U-Boats 1906–1966 . Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen, 1993, p. 123.
- ↑ Bodo Herzog: German U-Boats 1906–1966 . Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1993, p. 68.
- ^ Ships hit during WWI HMS Hampshire . uboat.net (English)
- ↑ Bodo Herzog: German U-Boats 1906–1966 . Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1993, p. 120.
- ^ Sunk U 75 HMS Hampshire? - The mysterious death of Lord Kitchener
- ↑ Lord overboard . In: Der Spiegel . No. 22 , 1959 ( online ).
- ^ Ships hit during WWI Etton. uboat.net (English)
- ↑ Ships hit during WWI Kovda. uboat.net (English)
- ^ Ships hit during WWI Arctic Prince. uboat.net (English)
- ^ Paul Kemp: The German and Austrian submarine losses in both world wars . Urbes, Graefelfing 1998, p. 40.
- ↑ Bodo Herzog: German U-Boats 1906–1966 . Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen, 1993, p. 90 ff.
- ↑ https://deutscher-marinebund.de/berichtedmb/gedenkfeier-anlaesslich-des-volkstrauertags-und-zur-wuerdigung-der-beendigung-des-1-weltkriegs/
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