Sackwiesensee
| Sackwiesensee | ||
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| View from the southeast with the front cushion and sea wall | ||
| Geographical location | Hochschwab Group , Styria | |
| Tributaries | periodic seepage springs and karst waters | |
| Drain | Ponor northeast | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 47 ° 35 '29 " N , 15 ° 3' 41" E | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 1414 m above sea level A. | |
| surface | 4.55 ha | |
| length | 350 m | |
| width | Max. 210 m | |
| volume | 60,000 m³ | |
| scope | 1 km | |
| Maximum depth | 5.7 m | |
| Middle deep | 1.3 m | |
The Sackwiesensee is a mountain lake in the Hochschwab Group in the Austrian federal state of Styria . The body of water, surrounded by alpine pastures and montane coniferous forest, is located in the municipality of Tragöß-Sankt Katharein and is a popular hiking destination.
Location and surroundings
The Sackwiesensee is 1414 m above sea level. A. in a depression without surface runoff on the plateau between Sonnschienalm in the west and Häuslalm in the east. The small lake basin is framed by the Seemauer ( 1776 m ), Allakogel ( 1640 m ) and Hocheck. It opens to the south to the Plotschboden above the Tragößer Klamm and to the east to the Sackwiesenalm at the foot of the Buchbergkogel ( 1700 m ). The highest elevation in the vicinity is the Ebenstein northwest of the water surface. The lake can be reached on marked hiking trails from the Jassinggraben and through the Tragößer Klamm and from the Ilgner Valley . The closest bases are the Sonnschienhütte and the Häuslalm.
Geology, morphology and hydrology
The area around the Sackwiesensee is made up of Central Triassic Wetterstein limestone . The water situation is assigned to the remnants of the 1500 m plateau cycle and owes its deep embedding to a west-east trending disturbance . Along this fault, the limestone plate, the base of which consists of Werfen layers , was severely eroded by karstification processes , the resulting sinkhole was later smeared during the Ice Age .
The lake, with a silting bog on its north bank , is divided into two basins that gradually merge into one another. The greatest depth of 5.7 m is in the southwestern area, the eastern basin reaches a maximum depth of only 2.85 m. Overall, the flat parts predominate, 46% of the water surface lies above the 1 m isobath .
Due to the remains of the Werfen strata, there are several spring outlets on the south-east bank, the discharges reach 0.5 l / s and sometimes dry up in summer. These tributaries have an unusually high gypsum content , which is reflected in increased conductivity values . During thermal and chemical investigations in the early 1960s, irregularities in the oxygen series of the lake water were also found, which suggested additional underground inflows. Two of these could be discovered when the water level was low in the littoral . The annual level fluctuation between 1961 and 1964 due to the snowmelt averaged 30 cm.
Limnology
The transmission maximum of lake water is in the range of orange light , which corresponds to a brown water nature. Due to the long-lasting ice cover, there is an effective consumption of oxygen in winter, and in spring the oxygen deficit reaches right up to the ice cover. The high sulphate content due to the gypsum-carrying tributaries causes a pronounced chemocline and stable stratifications with a strong temperature gradient between the surface and the ground. In March and April, as a result of bacterial oxygen and sulfate reduction, hydrogen sulfide and methane are formed . During the short vegetation period, the amount and quality of the nanoplankton is modest and consists mainly of Chlorophyceae and Cryptomonads . Irregularities in its vertical distribution were attributed to the chemocline. The zooplankton , including mainly Crustacea , is richly developed. As a result of the intensive formation of hydrogen sulfide in the soil mud , the Sackwiesensee lacks a bottom fauna.
vegetation
The vegetation on the Sackwiesensee consists of alpine pondweed , streaky and 's Floating pondweed and Chara , who Hahnenfußart Ranunculus paucistamineus , Equisetum fluviatile and Sparganium natans together. The swamp flora close to the banks consists of white germer , crown lettuce and Scheuchzer's cotton grass . The moor is home to the lichen species, real reindeer lichen and Cetraria islandica, as well as numerous species of moss, including Bryum pseudotriquetrum , Dicranum elongatum , golden women's hair moss , Sphagnum capillifolium , Sphagnum warnstorfii and spit peat moss . The dry areas are made of mountain pines . The dwarf shrub heather is made up of common heather , bilberry , common cranberry , lingonberry and bogberry .
History and etymology
According to regulatory files, the Sackwiesenalpe consisted of two mountain basins in 1860 and was mainly used as pastureland for cattle and young cattle . In the upper, partially swampy basin, there were 16 alpine huts and 17 grazing permits. The driving time began generally to St. John and ended around the Little Women . During this time, the Sackwiesensee in the lower mountain basin served the cattle as a natural drinking place. The alpine pasture area belonging to the Göß lordship comprised a total of around 300 yoke pastures and 100 yoke forests. Unlike in neighboring pastures, the farmers are 48 pounds of lard and the usual 14 had penny Ableitgeld annually Michaeli cede to the rule of several wheel of cheese.
The name bag meadows derives from the thriving in damp locations seaweed from, called in Tragöß "Socher". In the vicinity, Sackwaldboden, Socherbichl and Socherlacke are other toponyms of this origin. The sour grass is used in dried form as animal bedding and in the past was also used by hikers as a sleeping pad. Another etymological aspect is the shape of the terrain, which is said to be reminiscent of a sack.
Literature and maps
- Klaus Kosswig: The Sackwiesensee in the Eastern Alps (Hochschwab area). On the limnology of a dystrophic gypsum body. In: International review of the entire hydrobiology. Vol. 52, No. 3, 1967, pp. 321-359.
- Hochschwab group. Alpine Club Map 1: 50,000, sheet 18, combined print of the official ÖK50 map from the Federal Office for Metrology and Surveying , ISBN 978-3-937530-62-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Klaus Kosswig: The Sackwiesensee in the Eastern Alps (Hochschwab area). On the limnology of a dystrophic gypsum body. In: International review of the entire hydrobiology. Vol. 52, No. 3, 1967, pp. 321-359.
- ↑ Johann Nevole: preliminary work on a plant Geographic map of Austria - V. The Hochschwab area in Upper Styria. In: Treatises of the kk zool.-botan. Society in Vienna. Volume IV, Issue 4, Vienna 1908, pp. 22-27 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
- ^ A b Wolfgang Puchleitner: The alpine pasture in Tragöß. History and stories. Self-published, Graz 2007, ISBN 978-3-200-00981-3 , pp. 242-251.
- ↑ StLA GL, No. 18, K 57: Extract No. 25 from the lard register in Amt Tragöß, Sackwiesenalm.
- ↑ StLA Archiv Göß Stift, K 200, H 279, p. 52.
- ^ Alfred Webinger : On the topography of the Hochschwab area. Settlements, alpine pastures, meadows, mountains, bodies of water. Leykam , Graz 1953, p. 12.