Schiener Berg

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Schiener Berg
View from a vantage point near Freudenfels Castle between Eschenz and Klingenzell (CH), across Eschenz and the Untersee to the Schienerberg - including Wangen (right), Öhningen (center; D) and Stein am Rhein (left; CH)

View from a vantage point near Freudenfels Castle between Eschenz and Klingenzell ( CH ), across Eschenz and the Untersee to the Schienerberg - including Wangen (right), Öhningen (center; D ) and Stein am Rhein (left; CH)

Highest peak nameless summit at Ferdinandslust , near rails ( D ) ( 716.9  m above sea  level )
location between Horn ( district of Konstanz , Baden-Württemberg , Germany ) and Stein am Rhein ( district of Stein , canton of Schaffhausen , Switzerland )
part of Southwest Hegau highlands
Coordinates 47 ° 41 ′  N , 8 ° 55 ′  E Coordinates: 47 ° 41 ′  N , 8 ° 55 ′  E
rock Molasses
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The Schiener Berg , also called Schienerberg , is located between Horn in the district of Konstanz , Baden-Württemberg ( Germany ) and Stein am Rhein in the district of Stein , Canton Schaffhausen ( Switzerland ). He is a 716.9  m above sea level. NHN high ridge of the Bodensee peninsula Höri in the southwest Hegau highlands . The name of the village is the railroad , which is located roughly in the center of the landscape .

geography

location

The Schiener Berg extends to the west of the Untersee of Lake Constance - from the eponymous town ofbahnen (at approx.  600  m altitude) looking clockwise starting in the north-west and including the natural spatial situation - between these places: Arlen in the north-west, Worblingen in the north-north-west , Bohlingen in the north, Bankholzen , Bettnang , Weiler and Iznang in the northeast, Gundholzen and Horn in the east, Gaienhofen in the east-southeast, Hemmenhofen in the southeast, Wangen in the south-southeast and Kattenhorn and Öhningen in the south; they all belong to the district of Konstanz (Germany) and, apart from the four first-named towns, are located on Untersee or its part of Lake Zell . On Swiss territory, according to the above-mentioned observation pattern in the canton of Schaffhausen, these localities are adjacent: Stein am Rhein in the south-west, Hemishofen in the west- south- west and Wilen in the west and Ramsen in the west-north-west. The Schiener Berg continues west across the Ramsener Quertal through the Rauhenberg .

Natural allocation

The Schiener Berg belongs to the natural spatial main unit group pre-alpine hill and moorland (No. 03), in the main unit Northern Lake Constance and Hegau basin (030/031) and in the subunit Südwesthegauer Bergland (030 / 031.1) to the natural area Schienerberg (with Höri -Uferland) (030 / 031.13).

Surveys

The Schiener Berg is a maximum of 716.9  m high, which refers to a point about 1.5 km east of rails, a little east-northeast of Ferdinandslust and a little northwest above the source of the Klingerbach . The highest altitude is often mentioned as only 708  m . The elevations and slope spurs of the ridge include - sorted by height in meters (m) above sea ​​level (NHN) ( D ) and meters above sea (m above sea level) ( CH ):

  • nameless summit at Ferdinandslust (716.9 m), near rails (D)
  • nameless summit at Eternity (701.5 m), near rails (D)
  • Schrotzburg (approx. 693 m)
  • Gentlemen's table (678.3 m) above Arlen
  • nameless hilltop on Brand / Wittmisried (660.4 m), near Bohlingen (D)
  • nameless hilltop in Bannholz (641.2 m) near Öhningen
  • Kressenberg (approx. 624 m), near rails (D)
  • Ölberg (621.5 m) above Öhningen and Stein am Rhein
  • nameless hilltop at Schlossbühl (617.5 m), near Weiler (D)
  • Wolkensteinerberg (approx. 608 m), near Hemishofen (CH)
  • Hohenklingen (590.6 m)
  • Kastenbühl (587.4 m), near Bohlingen (D)
  • Salen (581.2 m), near Wangen (D)
  • nameless knoll on the leaf (503.9 m), near Weiler (D)

Flowing waters

The water of a couple of short streams that flow north from the Schiener Berg reaches the Untersee via the Radolfzeller Aach, which runs north of the ridge to the east ; Streams heading north-east flow directly into this lake. The rivers of the ridge also include: the gorge , which flows into the Untersee at Wangen, the Klingerbach , which flows into the Untersee at Oberstaad Castle between Kattenhorn and Öhningen, and the Schiener Bach (Hemishoferbach), which flows into the Rhine at Hemishofen .

Communities

These municipalities and cities have territorial shares on the Schiener Berg: Rielasingen-Worblingen , Singen , Moos , Gaienhofen and Öhningen in Germany and Stein am Rhein , Hemishofen and Ramsen in Switzerland. Numerous farms and settlements are distributed along and on the ridge within their municipal areas.

Monasteries and castles

On the Schiener Berg, in Germany, are the former monasteries Eisenbahn (in rails) and Grünenberg (near Bankholzen), the ruins of Schrotzburg (near Eisenbahn-Oberschrotzburg) and the castle stables Kastenbühl and Frankenberg (near Bohlingen) and Schlossbühl and Rusbühl (near Bankholzen) and in Switzerland the Hohenklingen castle (near Stein am Rhein) and the Wolkenstein castle stable (near Hemishofen; on the Wolkensteinerberg ).

geology

The Schiener Berg is mainly composed of layers of the Upper Freshwater Molasse (OSM) and has a cover of ice-age gravel ( Nagelfluh ). It thus resembles the mountain ranges of Bodanrück (in the north) and Seerücken (in the south, on the other side of the Untersee on Swiss territory) that run roughly parallel . The northern steep drop towers above the middle Hegau-Untersee depression and the Untersee by 250 to 300 m. It has its origin in the so-called Schienerberg Fault , which is attributed to the Freiburg-Bonndorf-Bodensee fault zone ( Bonndorfer Graben ) running from northwest to southeast ( Hercynian direction ) . As a result of this fault, the sediment layers in the north have been lowered by approx. 100 m. The foreland was also deepened by the erosion of the Ice Age glaciations. The southern slope, on the other hand, descends mostly in terraces to the Untersee. These terraces were formed by various phases of the advance and retreat of the Ice Age glaciers.

Protected areas

The landscape protection area (LSG) Schienerberg ( CDDA no. 324141; designated 1954; 41.96  km² in size) lies on the majority of the Schiener Berg, which is wooded in many places , and on its flanks that extend to the Untersee there are several spatially separated parts of the LSG Shore of Lake Constance (CDDA No. 31921; 1952; 10.13 km²). The fauna-flora-habitat area Schiener Berg and the western Untersee (FFH no. 8319-341; 25.963 km²) are located on large parts of the ridge, reaching down to the Untersee . Parts of the Untersee bird sanctuary of Lake Constance extend up to the lower flank areas (VSG no. 8220-401; 59.1533 km²). In addition, there are twelve nature reserves on the Schiener Berg and on its flanks that extend as far as the Untersee, some of which are adjacent (in alphabetical order):

Fossil discovery site at the Öhningen quarry

Giant salamander skeleton of the genus Andrias Scheuchzeri

The famous fossil site in the Öhninger Limestone (Upper Freshwater Molasse) is located on the southern slope of the Schiener Berg. There, in 1726, the Swiss Johann Jakob Scheuchzer (1672–1733), Zurich city doctor and naturalist, found the approximately one meter tall fossilized skeleton of a giant salamander ( Andrias Scheuchzeri ) that lived 14 million years ago . This fossil was interpreted by him as "Homo diluvii testis", a "sad skeleton of an old sinner" one in the "Sündflut" ( Deluge ). Even then, the giant salamander was considered to be the most sensational find in the Öhningen quarry Foundation of Scheuchzer's theory of the “deluge man”. It was not until 1809 that the French naturalist Georges Cuvier (1769–1832) succeeded in correcting this mistake and correctly interpreting the bones as the remains of an amphibian; later the Dutchman Jan van der Hoeven (1801–1868), a naturalist, succeeded in classifying the skeleton in the correct place in the system. The original is now in the Teylers Museum in the Dutch city of Haarlem .

traffic

Several country (L) and district roads (K) in Germany and other roads in Switzerland lead through the villages around the Schiener Berg . The L 193 runs roughly in a north-north-east-south-south-west direction from Bankholzen through the rails on the ridge to Öhningen ; In addition, rails are connected to cheeks via the K 6156 .

various

The ridge used to be the venue for the “Schienerberg Race”, a motor racing event of the 20th century.

literature

  • Max Pfannenstiehl: The paleontological excavations at the University of Freiburg i. Br. Am Schienerberg 1947–1950 . In: Landesverein Badische Heimat (Hrsg.): Badische Heimat. My home country. Journal for regional and folklore, nature, environmental and monument protection . Volume 30 (1950), 1/2, pp. 25-30. Freiburg im Breisgau 1950. ISSN  0930-7001
  • Schiener Berg . Pp. 214-224. In: Otto F. Geyer, Thomas Schober, Matthias Geyer: Collection of geological guides. 94. The Upper Rhine regions between Lake Constance and Basel . Brothers Borntraeger. Berlin, Stuttgart 2003. ISBN 978-3-443-15077-8
  • Schiener Berg. Between the Hegau volcanoes and Lake Constance . In: Pocketguide. Castles, views and volcanoes. 3 tour tips in Hegau . Supplement in the hiking magazine issue 130, August / September 2006
  • OF Geyer, MP Gwinner: Geology of Baden-Württemberg . Swiss beard Stuttgart 2011 (5th edition). ISBN 978-3-510-65267-9
  • Albert Schreiner: Hegau and western Lake Constance, collection of geological guides 62 . Gebr. Bornträger, Berlin - Stuttgart 2008 (3rd edition). ISBN 978-3-443-15083-9
  • Michael Losse, Hans Noll, Michael Greuter (Eds.): Castles, palaces, fortresses in Hegau - fortifications and aristocratic residences in the western Lake Constance area . Michael Greuter Verlag, Hilzingen 2006, ISBN 3-9806273-2-2

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
  2. ↑ a b Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( information )
  3. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  4. ^ Anatol Hennig: The tropics near Öhningen . Singener Wochenblatt
  5. ↑ Older than the dinosaurs? In: scinexx. The knowledge magazine from December 10, 2004
  6. ^ Andrias Scheuchzeri In: Meyers Konversationslexikon