Schiffelbach

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Schiffelbach
Coordinates: 50 ° 56 ′ 57 ″  N , 8 ° 59 ′ 38 ″  E
Height : 272  (267–290)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 8.15 km²
Residents : 296  (Jan 15, 2009)
Population density : 36 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1974
Postal code : 35285
Area code : 06453

Schiffelbach is a district of Gemünden (Wohra) in the northern Hessian district of Waldeck-Frankenberg .

geography

The place is surrounded by forest, between Kellerwald and Burgwald on the Wohra tributary Schiffelbach . State road 3342 runs through the village .

history

The place was first mentioned in 1263 as Scufelbach . The village was wholly or mostly owned by the Schleier family until it died out in 1635. The veils were ministerial and feudal men of the Counts of Ziegenhain and after their extinction in 1450 the Landgraves of Hesse . Schleier'sche Burghof, mentioned in 1580, on the south-eastern outskirts (field name: behind the courtyard ) was probably built around 1500 on the site of an older castle complex; from 1747 it was referred to as Tilemann'scher Hof, but also as a castle. The property was still inhabited until around 1830.

In 1449/89 one half (the upper village) was the Electoral Mainz fiefdom of the lords of Schleier, the other half (the lower village) was owned by the lords of Löwenstein . The latter sold a quarter of half their village to the veils in 1555. In 1577, the veils and von Löwenstein each shared half the court, although the veils had the Löwenstein half in pledge possession; Landgrave Wilhelm IV of Hessen-Kassel claimed sovereignty and blood jurisdiction . Johann Schleier zu Schiffelbach died in 1579, and when the inheritance was divided among his four sons in 1580 with their mansions in Schiffelbach, Ottrau , Schrecksbach and Gemünden (Wohra) , the Schleier family began to decline. In 1580 they bought all of the Löwenstein's half of the court, but in 1619 the veils sold the part of the village they had bought from the Löwensteiners to Philipp von Scholley the Elder . Ä., Headmaster of the aristocratic monasteries in Hesse, with the right of repurchase, and in 1622 Scholley also acquired the rights of use of the mainzian half of the village through pledging . After the Schleier zu Schiffelbach veils died out with Johann Daniel Schleier in 1635, the ore monastery Mainz moved the Mannlehen to half of the village and court and lent it to the Mainz cellar David Leutenrodt in Neustadt . The former half of the von Löwenstein family was at that time free possession of Heinrich Gramehl, who had acquired them from Scholley. From 1635 to 1650 the court in Oberdorf was jointly exercised by David Leutenrodt and Heinrich Gramehl, but as early as 1650, Landgrave Wilhelm VI , who took over the affairs of government in that year, renewed it . of Hessen-Kassel the sovereign claim to the high jurisdiction ; the lower jurisdiction was still exercised by Heinrich Gramehl.

In 1688, Landgrave Karl sold the estate and village of Schiffelbach to the colonel and later lieutenant general and city commander of Marburg , Johann ufm Keller , who actively supported the construction of the half-timbered church in 1700/1701 . After his death in 1706 there were disputes within the heir family and there were repeated arguments with the villagers. In 1707 Reformed church services began in Schiffelbach, and in 1714 Schiffelbach and Altenhaina became branches of the Reformed mother church established in Gemünden . In 1802/03 a new school was built. In the years 1810 and 1838, the rule of the Keller's heirs, most recently the Tilemann family called Schenk, ended in the village with the sale of the estate, which had now been divided among them: the first part was sold to 16 local farmers in 1810, the other part 1838 to 30 farmers; the forest ownership came to an interest group.

The old half-timbered church was restored in 1906; In 1965 it was given a church tower for the new bells instead of its ridge . In 1913 a threshing machine cooperative was founded. In 1921 the place was connected to the electricity network. A new school was opened in 1926; it was closed at the end of 1969, and from January 1970 all the local children attended school in Gemünden.

Mills

Two mills on the Schiffelbach are documented. In 1268 the von Marburg transferred their rights to the mill in Schiffelbach to the Haina monastery . In 1580 it was owned by the Lords of Löwenstein, but was sold to the veils that year with the entire previously Löwenstein half of the village. In 1788 two millers and in 1858 two mills are mentioned: the so-called village mill and the lower mill located about 1 km north-west of the village, both overshot and each with one grinding and one beating pass .

Administrative affiliation

Schiffelbach was part of the Kirchhain district , created in the Electorate of Hesse in 1821 , from 1867 onwards in Prussia , which was added to the Marburg district in 1932 . The community had no direct connection to the rest of the district and was enclosed by the districts of Frankenberg and Ziegenhain .

On January 1, 1974, the previously independent municipality came to the city of Gemünden an der Wohra and thus to the district of Waldeck-Frankenberg by virtue of state law in the course of the regional reform in Hesse . For Schiffelbach, as for the other parts of the city, a local district with a local advisory board and local council was formed.

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1577: 34 house seats
• 1580: 19 hoof farmers , 11 cottagers
• 1747: 38 households
• 1838 40 residents who are entitled to use, 10 residents who are not entitled to use, 13 residents
Schiffelbach: Population from 1788 to 1967
year     Residents
1788
  
 282
1834
  
 338
1840
  
 354
1846
  
 405
1852
  
 369
1858
  
 329
1864
  
 344
1871
  
 325
1875
  
 317
1885
  
 335
1895
  
 319
1905
  
 329
1910
  
 336
1925
  
 298
1939
  
 321
1946
  
 438
1950
  
 455
1956
  
 384
1961
  
 344
1967
  
 338
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1861: 174 Evangelical Lutheran , 161 Evangelical Reformed , 8 Jewish residents
• 1885: 335 Protestant (= 100.00%) residents
• 1961: 321 Protestant (= 93.31%), 19 Catholic (= 5.52%) residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1788: Labor force: 2 millers, 3 blacksmiths, 4 stocking weavers, a tailor, a bricklayer, 2 trade Jews, a shoemaker, a büttner, 3 day laborers and spinners
• 1838: Families: 33 agriculture, 16 trades, 14 day laborers.
• 1961: Labor force: 114 agriculture and forestry, 52 manufacturing, 9 trade and transport, 7 services and other.

Personalities

  • Johann Tilemann (March 13, 1696 in Marburg; † May 6, 1773 at Gut Schiffelbach), university professor, philosopher, theologian and historian
  • Adolph von Vangerow (born June 5, 1808 at Gut Schiffelbach; † October 11, 1870 in Heidelberg), Professor of Law at the Universities of Marburg and Heidelberg

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Schiffelbach, Waldeck-Frankenberg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Anton Friderich Büsching: New Earth Description: Third Part, which contains the German Empire in its current state constitution. Third part, first volume, 3rd edition, Bohn, Hamburg, 1761, p. 1100
  3. ↑ His tomb is in the village's Evangelical Church.
  4. ↑ David Mayes: Communal confessionalization in rural Upper Hesse during the government of Landgrave Karl 1677-1730 ; P. 132
  5. ↑ Descendants of the Marburg professor Philipp Johann Tilemann called Schenk or his son Johann Tilemann called Schenk, Professor of Ethics and Politics, who married a Ufm Keller, resigned his professorship in 1747 and moved to Schiffelbach, where he on May 6, 1773 passed away. ( Hessian chronicle with simultaneous from the general history. (Reprint of the history calendar in the “Hessischer Volksfreunde” in chronological order). Joh. Aug. Koch, Marburg, 1855, p. 131 )
  6. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Frankenberg and Waldeck (GVBl. II 330-23) of October 4, 1973 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1973 No. 25 , p. 359 , § 9 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
  7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 391 .
  8. ↑ main statute. (PDF; 873 kB) §; 6. In: Website. City of Gemünden (Wohra), accessed February 2019 .