Sebeș

Sebeș
Mühlbach
Szászsebes

Basic data

State :

Romania

Historical region :

Transylvania

Circle :

Alba

Coordinates :

45 ° 57 ' N , 23 ° 34' E Coordinates: 45 ° 57 '17 " N , 23 ° 34' 12" E

Time zone :

EET ( UTC +2)

Height :

248 m

Area :

115.54 km²

Residents :

27,019 (October 20, 2011)

Population density :

234 inhabitants per km²

Postal code :

515800

Telephone code :

(+40) 02 58

License plate :

FROM

Structure and administration (as of 2016)

Community type :

Municipality

Structure :

3 districts / cadastral communities: Lancrăm , Petreşti , Răhău

Mayor :

Dorin Gheorghe Nistor ( PNL )

Postal address :

Str. Piața Primăriei, no.1
loc. Sebeş, jud. Alba, RO-515800

Website :

www.primariasebes.ro

Sebeș [ ˈsebeʃ ] ( German Mühlbach , Hungarian Szászsebes ) is a Romanian city in the Alba district in Transylvania .

location

Sebeş (Mühlbach) is located about 50 km northwest of Sibiu and 10 km south of Alba Iulia in the Unterwald on the former Königsboden .

history

Evangelical parish church in Mühlbach, 1966

The area in which Mühlbach was founded had already been settled by the Dacians in centuries before Christianity . For a short time he was also part of the Roman Empire . In the 11th century the area came under Hungarian rule. The Hungarian kings brought the Szekler auxiliary people there to secure the border , but they were relocated to the new imperial border further east in the middle of the 12th century. Immediately afterwards, German settlers were settled in what was then known as Terra Sebus ( Transylvanian Saxony ). They named their new village Mühlbach and determined the fate of the city well into the 20th century. Like many other places in Transylvania, Mühlbach was devastated by the Mongols in 1241. The place was first mentioned as Malembach in 1243 . By 1300 it already had around 2000 inhabitants. Mühlbach is mentioned as a town for the first time in 1341. In 1342 the city is also mentioned for the first time as the seat of the Mühlbacher Stuhl . At the end of the 14th century the city received its fortifications, most of which are still visible today. In 1438 the city was besieged by the Turks. After the capitulation, Mühlbach was plundered and the surviving population was led into slavery, from which the city was not to recover in the near future. Attacks by the Kuruzen in 1706 and a plague epidemic from 1738–1739 claimed 1040 victims. In 1778 the first Romanian Orthodox church was built. In 1891 the city was connected to the railway network and from 1906 the city had its own power station.

The majority of the Transylvanian Saxons moved to Germany in the early 1990s .

Attractions

Franciscan Church

Evangelical parish church from the 13th / 14th centuries Century: In its place was originally a Romanesque basilica from the 12th century, which was destroyed in the Mongol storm in 1241. The current church was then rebuilt in the Gothic style and provided with fortifications.
City wall: The course of the city wall, which dates back to the 14th century, is still clearly visible on city maps today. Much of it has been preserved.
Franciscan Church : Originally a Dominican monastery from the 13th century. The Gothic church was baroque in the 18th century. The Gothic choir windows are well preserved.

geography

The city of Sebeş is located in the so-called Unterwald on a plain in the southern part of the Alba district near the mouth of the Sebeş ( Mühlbach ) river in the Mureş ( Mieresch ). In Sebeş, the European roads E 81 intersect with the E 68 . Alba Iulia ( Karlsburg ) is 10 km from Sebeş , Sibiu ( Hermannstadt ) is 50 km and Deva ( Diemrich ) is 63 km . In the north Sebeş borders on the city of Alba Iulia, in the east on the municipalities of Daia Română , Cut ( Kokt ) and Câlnic ( Kelling ), in the south on Săsciori ( Schweis ) and in the west on Vințu de Jos ( Winz ) and Pianu de Jos ( Deutschpien ). The Sibiu – Vințu de Jos railway runs through the city .

City structure

Lancrăm ( Langendorf ) is about 2 km north of the city of Sebeş, Petreşti ( Petersdorf ) is located south of the Sebeş River . There is a reservoir there that is used for drinking water and electricity supply. Răhău ( Reichau ) is east of Sebeş.

population

At the 2002 census, the entire municipality of Sebeş (including the villages of Lancrăm , Petreşti and Răhău ) had 27,698 inhabitants, including 25,632 Romanians, 411 Germans, 1385 Roma, 212 Hungarians and 58 other nationalities. The city has 9,860 households, of which 6,874 in Sebeş, 411 in Lancrăm, 1,192 in Petreşti and 340 in Răhău.

The population of Sebeş developed as follows:

census		Ethnic composition
year	population	Romanians	Hungary	German	other
1850	4456	2695	39	1568	154
1910	8504	4980	875	2345	304
1941	9389	6720	255	1757	657
1977	19.191	15,935	399	1733	1124
1992	23,227	21,117	294	557	1259
2002	21,077	19.303	166	231	1377

economy

The most important economic sectors are industry, agriculture, trade and services, and communication. 1,484 companies are based in Sebeş. In particular, the wood processing by SC Kronospan Sebes SA and SC Kronospan Sepal SA (Germany / Austria - one of the largest manufacturers of wood-based materials - e.g. MDF boards , chipboard and laminate flooring - in Europe), right next door SC Holzindustrie Schweighofer SRL (Austria), Savini Due SRL (Italy) and Ciatti SRL (Italy). SC Ciserom SA and SC Anversa Est Textil SA (Italy) are active in the textile production sector. SC Capris SA (Germany), SC Confexpeli SA and SC Rapel SA stand for leather goods.

Agriculture

The total agricultural area is 5,628 ha . Of this, 4,695 hectares are cultivated by farmers' associations and the rest by individual farmers.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Johann Friedrich Geltch (1815–1851), pastor and writer
Friedrich Krasser (1818–1893), physician and writer
Georg Friedrich Marienburg (1820–1881), pastor, local historian and linguist
Franz Binder (1824–1875), Africa researcher
Carl Filtsch (1830–1845), composer and pianist
Viktor Roth (1874–1936), historian and pastor, honorary member of the Romanian Academy
Theobald Streitfeld (1902–1985), local history researcher
Harald Krasser (1906–1981), writer and translator
Gheorghe Răşinaru (1915-1994), football player
Radu Stanca (1920–1962), writer
Anneliese Thudt (1927–2018), dialect researcher and lexicographer

Personalities associated with Sebeş

Johann Zápolya (1487–1540), Prince of Transylvania, died near Mühlbach
Michael Pancratius (1631 / 32–1690), Protestant bishop in Transylvania from 1686 to 1690
Lucian Blaga (1895–1961), poet, philosopher, playwright and translator, lived here for many years of his life