Vințu de Jos

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Vințu de Jos
Unterwintz
Alvinc
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Vințu de Jos (Romania)
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Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Transylvania
Circle : Alba
Coordinates : 46 ° 0 ′  N , 23 ° 29 ′  E Coordinates: 45 ° 59 ′ 40 "  N , 23 ° 29 ′ 9"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 217  m
Area : 88.39  km²
Residents : 4,801 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 54 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 517875
Telephone code : (+40) 02 58
License plate : FROM
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Vinţu de Jos, CAMPU Goblii , Ciocaşu , Criseni , Dealu Ferului , Gura Cuţului , Hategana , Inuri , Laz , Mătăcina , Mereteu , Parau lui Mihai , POIENITA , Stăuini , Valea Goblii , Valea lui Mihai , Valea Vinţului , Vurpar
Mayor : Ion Iosiv Josan ( PV )
Postal address : St. Lucian Blaga, no. 47
loc. Vințu de Jos, jud. Alba, RO-517875
Website :

Vințu de Jos [ ˈvintsu de jos ] ( German  Winz , Unterwintz , Unter-Wintz or Alwinz , Hungarian Alvinc ) is a Romanian municipality in the Alba district in Transylvania .

Vințu de Jos is also known under the German names Winzendorf and Weinsdorf .

Geographical location

Location of the commune of Vințu de Jos in the Alba county

The community Vințu de Jos is located in the Unterwald , in the southwest of the Transylvanian Basin . The community center is located at the mouth of the Pianu River - a left tributary of the Mureș -, the European route 68 , the district road (Drum județean) DJ 107C and the Arad – Alba Iulia railway 10 kilometers northwest of Sebeş ; the district capital Alba Iulia is located about 16 kilometers northeast of Vințu de Jos.

history

The history of settlement in the region goes back to the Neolithic . According to information from C. Gooss, Grigore Tocilescu , M. Roska, G. Téglás and many others - on areas named by the locals Sibișeni and Valea Rea - in the area of ​​the municipality . made numerous finds which point to dwellings from the Neolithic and Roman times .

The place Vințu de Jos was first mentioned in 1248 (1486 under Alwijncz ). In the Middle Ages, the place was a flourishing market town in Unterweißburg County , with a port for salt trade and other raw materials from the region. In 1621, the Hutterites settled here and built a Bruderhof here, which lasted until the recatholization in the middle of the 18th century.

The main occupations of the population today are agriculture, livestock and fruit growing. Various smaller industrial companies are located here.

population

The population of the municipality developed as follows:

census Ethnic composition
year population Romanians Hungary German other
1850 4.117 3,043 619 92 363
1900 4,936 3,971 813 55 97
1977 5,773 5,491 105 14th 163
2002 5,295 5,108 76 8th 103
2011 4,801 4,453 46 4th 298

The highest population of today's municipality - and at the same time that of the Romanians - was determined in 1977. The highest population of Germans was registered in 1850, Hungarians (848) in 1890 and that of Roma (226) in 1850. In addition, in 1880 and 2002 one and in 1930 three residents identified themselves as Ukrainians , and in 2002 one as Serb . Almost every recording since 1880 - except 1977 and 2002 - also included Slovaks , the highest number (14) being registered in 1910. In 2011, 81 Roma, three Turks , four Italians , one Bulgarian and one Czech were identified.

Attractions

  • The ruins of the Martinuzzi Castle - a castle built in the Renaissance style - in which Cardinal G. Martinuzzi ( brother Georg ) had his residence from 1545 to 1551. The castle was rebuilt under Gábor Bethlen ; In 1773 the baroque gate entrance was built. The castle is a listed building.
  • The ruins of the Protestant church, a Gothic basilica, built in the 14th century, the tower of which was added in the 19th century, are listed as historical monuments.
  • The Romanian Orthodox Church Adormirea Maicii Domnului , built around 1700, is a listed building.
  • The property of the Roman Catholic monastery in Vințu de Jos, built in 1726, is a listed building.
  • The ruins of the Zebenik castle ("Cetatea Zebernic"), once a medieval castle complex above the incorporated village of Valea Vințului (ung. Vincipatak ), first mentioned in 1248, destroyed in 1529. In 1638 the castle was taken over by the German-speaking Hutterites (a branch of the Reformation Anabaptist movement ) from Bohemia, who set up a ceramic factory here and produced the Habaner ceramics - the first fine ceramic dishes from Transylvania - until a fire in the factory in the 18th century destroyed.

Web links

Commons : Vințu de Jos, Alba  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ^ Dictionary of the localities in Transylvania
  4. ^ Institute Of Archeology - Vințu de Jos, accessed July 24, 2010 (Romanian)
  5. ↑ Vințu de Jos ( Memento of April 13, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ a b c Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen. Kraft-Verlag, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 .
  7. ^ Robert Friedmann: Alwinz (Transylvania, Romania) . In: Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online
  8. ↑ Census, last updated October 30, 2008, p. 195 (Hungarian; PDF; 1.2 MB)
  9. ↑ a b c d List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2010 (PDF; 7.10 MB)
  10. ↑ Marius Mărginean: The Colonization of the Anabaptists in Vințu de Jos , accessed on July 24, 2010 ( Memento from December 3, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (Romanian; PDF; 296 kB)