Șona (Alba)

The place SONA itself is also under the German name of beauty , the Transylvanian Saxon name rails or rails with and in Hungarian as Szászszépmező , Oláhmező and Oláhszépmező known.

Geographical location

Location of the municipality of Șona in the Alba district

Bell tower and entrance to the evangelical church in Șona

Entrance to the cemetery

Rectory below the fortified church

Dedication at the rectory

The municipality of Șona is located in the southwest of the Transylvanian Basin on the lower reaches of the Târnava Mică (Little Kokel) . Located on the county road (drum județean) DJ 107 and the Blaj – Praid railway line , the village is about 10 kilometers northeast of Blaj (bubble village ) ; the district capital Alba Iulia (Karlsburg) is about 41 kilometers southwest of Șona.

Neighboring places

Pănade	Biia	Sânmiclăuș
Lunca Târnavei		Jidvei
Sâncel	Glogoveț	Bălcaciu

history

In the area of the incorporated village of Biia (Bendorf) , various gold finds from the early Iron Age were made.

The place Șona is a former Transylvanian-Saxon Hörigendorf of the Kokelburg county , with a fortified church on a hill in the west of the place. It was first mentioned in 1313 under the name terra Scepmezeu . After the place was given to Nikolaus von Talmesch by King Charles I Robert of Hungary in 1322 , the place was owned by several Hungarian nobles. In a major fire in 1654, the entire village (except for the church) was destroyed; Another fire in 1859 hit the whole village again except for the church, the school and ten houses (covered with roof tiles). In 1784 the serfs of the village took part in the Horea uprising . 1848–1869 the community bought the property of the last noblemen resident in the village.

The Schönau Saxons celebrated the big “Rinnenfest” every year in May - until their mass emigration. The week before, the village boys cleaned the field springs and drains. Afterwards they decorated an ox wagon with which they drove through the town singing and received wine from the farmers as thanks for their work. During this parade the boys were doused with water by the spectators so that "the springs may gush lively". In the evening a party was held, at which the village's own adjuvants played regularly and ensured a good mood.

population

The population of the municipality developed as follows:

census		Ethnic composition
year	population	Romanians	Hungary	German	other
1850	4,301	2,672	679	682	268
1900	5,635	3.216	1,270	1,123	26th
1941	7,024	4.157	1,347	1,207	319
1977	5,939	3,603	1.306	984	46
1992	4,647	3,102	1,262	57	226
2002	4,514	3,046	1,176	31	261
2011	4,067	2,734	930	11	392

The highest population of today's municipality - and at the same time that of the Romanian Germans - was determined in 1941. The highest population was Romanians (4,319) in 1956, Hungarians (1,404) in 1920 and Roma (261) in 2002. In addition, one of them referred to himself as a Ukrainian in 1930 and a Slovak in 1992 .

In 50ona itself, between 1850 (676) and 1930 (1,110) about five times as many Romanian Germans as Romanians were registered. In 1966 and 1977 there were only about twice as many Germans (999) as Romanians. In 1992 there were still 54 Germans living in Șona (after the mass emigration of the Transylvanian Saxons). In 2002, 1,122 people lived in the village; 961 were Romanians, 27 Germans, 51 Hungarians (also the highest number of Hungarians in the town since 1850) and 83 Roma.

Attractions

Șona village

Martinskirche , mentioned in a document in 1252 , was demolished around 1450–1452 and rebuilt. After a major fire in the village (1654), the church was renovated again in 1657. The bell tower was redesigned in its current form in 1826. The church was rebuilt from 1844 to 1845, the altar in 1874 and the organ in 1852. A bell in the bell tower has the following inscription: With God's help, Gustav Below poured me from Brunswig in Weißenburg in 1647 . The fortified church is not a listed building.
The rectory was built in 1875 on the site of the 1696 building.

Bethlen Castle in Sânmiclăuș

The Bethlen Castle of the Miklós Bethlen family in the south of the incorporated village of Sânmiclăuș (Klosdorf) , built 1668–1683. The rectangular castle, which was co-designed by the architect Miklós Bethlen, with rectangular bastions protruding at the corners, now serves as a storage room for sparkling wine and wines. The name Miklós Bethlens is carved over the entrance to the castle.

Web links

Commons : Șona - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
↑ Arcanum Kézikönyvtár: Historical-administrative book of place names of Transylvania, Banat and Partium. Retrieved May 2, 2020 (Hungarian).
^ Institute Of Archeology - Sohodol, accessed June 15, 2010 (Romanian)
↑ Șona ( Memento of April 13, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Annemarie Morgen: Geschichte Schönau on www.sibiweb.de, accessed on June 15, 2010
↑ Census, last updated October 30, 2008, p. 172 (Hungarian; PDF; 1.2 MB)
↑ ^a ^b Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (Ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen. Kraft-Verlag, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2

[1] 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)

[2] Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)

[3] Arcanum Kézikönyvtár: Historical-administrative book of place names of Transylvania, Banat and Partium. Retrieved May 2, 2020 (Hungarian).

[4] Institute Of Archeology - Sohodol, accessed June 15, 2010 (Romanian)

[5] Șona ( Memento of April 13, 2010 in the Internet Archive )

[HOG-6] Annemarie Morgen: Geschichte Schönau on www.sibiweb.de, accessed on June 15, 2010

[7] Census, last updated October 30, 2008, p. 172 (Hungarian; PDF; 1.2 MB)

[hsrs-8] Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (Ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen. Kraft-Verlag, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2