Berghin

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Berghin
Blood Red
Berve
Berghin does not have a coat of arms
Berghin (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Transylvania
Circle : Alba
Coordinates : 46 ° 5 '  N , 23 ° 44'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 4 '42 "  N , 23 ° 44' 13"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 290  m
Area : 75.17  km²
Residents : 1,893 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 25 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : RO-517110
Telephone code : (+40) 02 58
License plate : FROM
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Berghin, Ghirbom , Straja , Henig
Mayor : Vasile Bica ( PNL )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 361
loc. Berghin, jud. Alba, RO-517110
Website :

Berghin ( German  Blutroth , Hungarian Berve ) is a Romanian municipality in the Alba district in Transylvania .

location

Location of the municipality of Berghin in the Alba district

Berghin lies in the Zekesch highlands (Podișul Secașelor) in the southwest of the Transylvanian Basin , in a hilly landscape, crossed by the Gârbău stream , a tributary of the Secaș (Zekesch) . The district capital Alba Iulia is 13 km to the west (as the crow flies).

history

There are numerous archaeological sites on the territory of the municipality. A site from 1961 - a burial ground about 2.5 kilometers northeast of the incorporated village of Ghirbom - testifies to a settlement from the early Neolithic to the Middle Ages . Between 1978 and 1987 the remains of dwellings and tools made of cut stone were found.

Berghin was first mentioned in 1332 under the name "villa Bervini" in papal tax lists. In 1348 a document shows that the place belonged to the possession of the Weissenburg diocese . The next written references to the place ("Berven") only come from 1554. Even then he had a Transylvanian German pastor; the German place name "Blutroth" is only attested in 1678. At that time, the village was no longer in ecclesiastical but in noble ownership. It wasn't on royal soil ; the residents were servants . In 1784 there were surveys of Transylvanian-Saxon and Wallachian servants . In February 1849 the village was occupied by General Józef Bem's Hungarian revolutionary troops.

As everywhere in Transylvania, almost all of the Transylvanian Saxons left the place before and especially after the 1989 revolution to emigrate to Germany.

population

The population of the entire municipality developed as follows:

census Ethnic composition
year population Romanians Hungary German other
1850 3.817 3,029 31 581 176
1900 4,995 4,066 53 800 76
1930 5,583 4,422 6th 991 164
1966 3,845 3,324 3 518 -
1992 2,260 2,094 3 148 15th
2002 2,169 2,035 14th 34 86

While almost exclusively Romanians have lived in the incorporated villages of Ghirbom (Birnbaum) , Straja (Hohenwarthe) and Henig (Henningsdorf) since the census of 1850 , in the village of Berghin itself there were roughly equal parts of Transylvanian Saxons and Romanians until about the 1970s, before After the mass emigration of the Transylvanian Saxons, almost all Romanians and Roma live here. In 2002 the population of Berghin village was 743. All the villages in the municipality have seen a drastic decrease in population since the Second World War, between 60 and 70%.

Attractions

  • The wooden church Sf. Petru , built in Berghin in 1707, is a listed building.
  • The wooden church Sf. Nicolae , built in 1688 in the incorporated town of Ghirbom and renovated in the 19th century, is a listed building.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ↑ Repertoriul Arheologic Naţional (RAN) National Archaeological Museum (Romanian)
  4. ↑ Gernot Nussbächer: “Berwinsdorf” became “Blood Red”. In Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung für Romania , January 19, 1994, ZDB -ID 1146290-5 .
  5. ↑ Johann Czetz : Bem's campaign in Transylvania in 1848 and 1849. Publisher Hoffmann und Campe, Hamburg 1850, p 215, digitized .
  6. ↑ Census, last updated October 30, 2008, p. 49 (Hungarian; PDF; 1.2 MB)
  7. ↑ a b List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2010 PDF 7.10 MB