Cricau

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Cricau
Krakow
Boroskrakkó / Krakkó
Coat of arms of Cricau
Cricau (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Transylvania
Circle : Alba
Coordinates : 46 ° 11 '  N , 23 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 10 '35 "  N , 23 ° 33' 59"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 290  m
Area : 52.63  km²
Residents : 1,912 (2011)
Population density : 36 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : RO-517265
Telephone code : (+40) 02 58
License plate : FROM
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Cricau, Craiva , Tibru
Mayor : Emil Lupșan ( PNL )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 58
loc. Cricau, jud. Alba, RO-517265
Website :
Others
City Festival : Festivalul Cetăților Dacice ("Festival of the Dacian Fortresses")

Cricau ( German  Krakau , Hungarian Boroskrakkó or Krakkó ) is a Romanian municipality in the Alba district in Transylvania .

Geographical location

Location of the Cricau commune in the Alba county
Reformed Church in Cricău
Exhibition fight at the Festivalul Cetăților Dacice , 2013
Fairies at the Festivalul Cetăților Dacice , 2013

Cricău is located in the center of the Alba district, on the stream of the same name - a tributary of the Galda - on the south-eastern edge of the Trascău Mountains in the west of the Transylvanian Basin . Located on the district road (Drum județean) DJ 107H, the city of Teiuș is 10 kilometers northeast and the district capital Alba Iulia 21 kilometers south. With its two incorporated towns, the municipality extends over an area of ​​5263.24 hectares. The connecting roads to Craiva (Königsbach) approx. 3.5 kilometers and Tibru (Tiburg) approx. 5 kilometers are in a rather poor condition.

From a quarry between Cricău and Craiva - called Cubelcărie or Cobelcerie by the locals - the stone blocks needed to build the Apoulon Castle on the Piatra Craivii mountain were taken.

history

There are several archaeological sites on the territory of the municipality. Between 1961 and 1971 remains of dwellings and other finds - probably from the Hallstatt period - were discovered in the area of ​​the incorporated town of Craiva .

The place Cricau was probably founded in the 12th century by the Transylvanian Saxons and was first mentioned in 1206 under the name villa Karako in a report by King Andrew II of Hungary . According to some historians, the first Saxon colonists, hapites regri , as they are mentioned in documents, were already settled in this area at the time of Saint Stephen I of Hungary .

Later the village was named under different names like Carkow (1291), Crako (1309), Cracov (1333), Karkow (1337), Karako (1733, in a document of the bishop of the Greek Catholic Church , Inocențiu Micu-Klein ), Krakkó (1760), Krikou (1850, in a Transylvanian statistic) and Boroskrakkó (1913). Over the centuries, Romanian residents increasingly dominated the village. They lived and live from agriculture and viticulture. During the Romanian peasant uprising of 1784, fighting took place on the territory of the municipality; On November 12, 1784, an armistice was signed here between the peasant leader Cloşca and the Austrian Colonel Schulz. On October 28, 1848, a Romanian peasant army defeated Hungarian revolutionary troops from Aiud here .

In 1959 the community received electricity. The heating of the households is ensured by the use of wood, whereby a private household needs about 20 tons of wood per year. There is a shortage of clean drinking water in the municipality as it is mostly drawn from surface sources. A drinking water system was built in 1980/81 to supply the place with drinking water.

In 1971, after heavy rainfall, landslides occurred in the incorporated town of Craiva, so that this village was largely abandoned and rebuilt four kilometers down the valley.

population

The population of the municipality developed as follows:

census Ethnic composition
year population Romanians Hungary German other
1850 1,891 1,800 12 6th 73
1900 2,729 2,597 129 2 1
1930 3.151 3,011 42 8th 90
1966 2,571 2,564 7th - -
2002 2,097 2,068 8th 1 20th

The highest number of inhabitants (1675) of the place Cricău in the narrower sense was determined in 1956; In 2002 there were still 1290 people living here.

Attractions

  • The Reformed Church, a three-nave Gothic church, is one of the oldest churches in the Transylvanian Saxons and was later taken over by the Hungarian population. The steeple was built by the Hungarians in 1507. During excavations from 1964 to 1966, a 1.10–1.25 meter thick defensive wall of oval shape with a length of 64 meters, a width of 55 meters and four watchtowers was found around the church. The square, 6.90 meter wide entrance tower was on the eastern side of the castle. After 1900 the aisles were dismantled. The church, including the remains of the castle, is a listed building.
  • Romanian Orthodox Church, built in 1839, is a listed building
  • Greek Catholic Church, built in 1910
  • A wayside cross in the center of Cricău, inaugurated on September 14, 2002
  • Monument to the heroes of the First and Second World Wars
  • Monument to the Armistice of 1784
  • Mount Piatra Craivii ( 1078  m )

Web links

Commons : Cricău  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  2. ^ Dictionary of the localities in Transylvania
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Primăria Cricău - Infrastructura ( Memento of the original from January 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.comunacricau.ro
  4. ↑ a b c d Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (Ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen. Kraft-Verlag, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 .
  5. ↑ Census, last updated October 30, 2008, p. 79 (Hungarian; PDF file; 1.14 MB)
  6. ↑ a b List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2010 (PDF; 7.10 MB)