Kieferstädtel
| Kieferstädtel | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Gliwice | ||
| Area : | 11.68 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 17 ' N , 18 ° 32' E | ||
| Height : | 250 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 1919 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 44-153 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 32 | ||
| License plate : | SGL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Kędzierzyn-Koźle - Gliwice | ||
| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 9 districts | ||
| Surface: | 116.24 km² | ||
| Residents: | 8894 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 77 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 2405063 | ||
| Administration (as of 2008) | |||
| Mayor : | Czesław Jakubek | ||
| Address: | ul.Rynek 19 44-153 Sośnicowice |
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| Website : | www.sosnicowice.pl | ||
Kieferstädtel , Polish Sośnicowice ([ sɔˈɕnitsovʲitsɛ ]) is a town in the powiat Gliwicki (district of Gliwice) in the Polish Voivodeship of Silesia and has around 1700 inhabitants. It is the capital of the urban and rural municipality of the same name , which has been officially bilingual since 2013 (Polish and German).
Geographical location
Kieferstädtel is located in Upper Silesia on the Klodnitz and Birawka rivers on the western edge of the Upper Silesian industrial area , about 8 km southwest of the city center of Gleiwitz .
history
When it was first mentioned in the property and tithe register of the diocese of Breslau Liber fundationis Episcopatus Vratislawiensis (around 1305), Kieferstädtel was called Soßnessowitz . The village was probably founded by Opole Duke Wladislaus I in the 13th century, was settled by colonists and at that time was probably given city rights. From that time on, Kieferstädtel was also a parish . Even if the city was referred to as the capital of a district or country in the 14th century, economic development was slow and Kieferstädtel was more of a market town with a ring. In addition, Kieferstädtel experienced severe devastation in the Hussite Wars , so that the place was only mentioned as an oppidum , i.e. as a city, in 1506 .
In 1526 the city, like the whole of Gliwice, fell directly to the Habsburgs . In the same year, Emperor Ferdinand I had the city rebuilt and founded, for which the forest had been cleared by inhabitants who immigrated from Bohemia . The town took on the appearance of an artisan and agricultural town , and its buildings were protected by an earth wall. Kieferstädtel belonged to the Dukes of Opole until the 16th century, after which the city passed into the possession of various noble families, the von Seidlitz , Trach von Brzezie, the Counts of Praschma , the Counts of Hodlitz and the Counts of Chorinsky. Soon after, the Reformation took hold in the city, whereupon the parish church was taken over by the Protestants in 1555, in whose hands it remained until 1679. With the Counter-Reformation of the Habsburgs, the city was re-Catholicized again.
After the town in the Thirty Years' War had been devastated in 1626, tried to Emperor Leopold I. by the award of fair - and weekly market law to accelerate in 1677 the development of the town. However, the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) ruined any reconstruction as the city was burned down. This war changed nothing about Kieferstädtel's state affiliation - like most of Silesia since 1742, it remained Prussian . The renewed reconstruction was conducive to the suspension of excise duties - handicrafts, trade and cattle markets became economically important, not least thanks to the Krakow - Opava trade route . The prosperity finally wiped out a large city fire in 1768, from which the city did not recover for a long time and finally lost its city charter in 1808.
The town fire also stunted the ancient pine tree in the center, which was reminiscent of the place name and was replaced in the following century by a statue of St. John of Nepomuk . The old place name, which can be traced back to the Polish word for pine (sosna) , has undergone many minor changes in the history of the town and in 1789 the name Kieferstädtel finally caught on. The city coat of arms also takes up the etymology of the place name and has been documented since the 16th century.
1853, the town was granted in district Tost-Gleiwitz its charter back, and slowly took the back industry in the form of an iron factory in the city by foot. The Ring and the main streets Ratiborer and Gleiwitzer Straße were paved as early as 1830. The incorporation of the manor district of the castle and the south-facing village of Pohlsdorf (today Polska Wieś) allowed the urban area to grow to its present size.
During the Reichspogromnacht in 1938, the wooden buildings on the small Jewish cemetery southeast of Kieferstädtel were burned down. At that time, however, there were no longer any Jews living in the city - in 1844 they had identified 93 of the 926 inhabitants and had their own prayer house.
In 1945 Kieferstädtel belonged to the Tost-Gleiwitz district , which until 1939 had been incorporated into the Opole district of the Prussian province of Silesia of the German Empire and which was then assigned to the Katowice district .
Towards the end of the Second World War , Kieferstädtel was occupied by the Red Army on January 27, 1945 - the western side of the ring and the castle, which were burned out, were mainly destroyed. After the end of the war, the region was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet Union . The Polish place name Sośnicowice was introduced, and the town charter was lost again in the same year. Subsequently, the immigration of Polish migrants began, some of whom came from areas east of the Curzon Line , where they had belonged to the Polish minority. Most of the German city dwellers have been evicted by the local Polish administration .
Despite its proximity and economic dependence on the city of Gliwice , Sośnicowice was able to maintain its independence, received city rights again in 1996 and became the seat of a city and rural municipality. Today the community is characterized by light industry and agriculture and benefits from the proximity to the A4 with the Kleszczów-Sośnica motorway junction . Even so, the city's population is decreasing while that of the parish is increasing.
Bilingual place names
On October 10, 2013, official German place names were introduced for six of the nine districts in the municipality after local surveys had already been carried out. Thus, the place also received the German place name Kieferstädtel and is therefore bilingual. On December 11, 2013, bilingual place-name signs were also set up.
Demographics
| year | population | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1783 | 370 | |
| 1817 | 519 | |
| 1825 | 616 | including ten Protestants and 46 Jews |
| 1840 | 827 | 15 Evangelicals, 739 Catholics, 73 Jews |
| 1844 | 926 | thereof eleven Evangelicals, 822 Catholics, 93 Jews |
| 1855 | 906 | |
| 1858 | 946 | |
| 1861 | 984 | 18 Evangelicals, 909 Catholics, 57 Jews |
| 1867 | 1016 | on December 3rd |
| 1871 | 1015 | mostly Catholics (530 Poles ); According to other data, 1,015 inhabitants (on December 1), of which 18 were Protestants, 958 Catholics, 39 Jews |
| 1900 | 1025 | mostly Catholics |
| 1910 | 1070 | on December 1st, with castle and manor district (101 people) |
| 1933 | 1947 | |
| 1939 | 2130 |
| year | city | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 2002 | 1804 | |
| 2006 | 1715 |
Town twinning
A partnership with the German city of Linden in Hessen has existed since 1993 .
Attractions
- The late baroque palace was built for Karl von Hoditz around 1755 and laid out in a U-shape. In this new building, however, the foundations of the medieval predecessor building were used. The exterior is rather simple and adorned with baroque and rococo decorations.
- The late Gothic parish church of St. James in the town center dates from 1447 . It burned down in 1680 and was given its present form during the reconstruction from 1786 to 1794. The construction was directed by the builder Hainze and used the old foundations of the church for the new building. Since then, the front tower has been crowned with a baroque hood . Inside the church received a late Baroque interior that has been preserved to this day. Next to the side entrance is a sandstone atonement cross .
sons and daughters of the town
- Theodor von Pelchrzim (born October 9, 1816 - January 15, 1892), Prussian major and writer
literature
- Felix Triest : Topographical Handbook of Upper Silesia , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, pp. 535-539 .
- Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia. 2nd Edition. Graß, Barth and Comp., Breslau 1845, pp. 843-844 .
Web links
Kieferstädtel . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 9, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 715.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Bilingual place name signs in Kieferstädtel! ( Memento of the original from December 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , December 12, 2013, vdg.pl (German minority in Poland)
- ↑ Cf. Alfons Hayduk: The seven hundred year old Kieferstädtel. In: Upper Silesia in Pictures. Number 8, 1932 ( digitized version )
- ↑ See sosnicowice.pl ( Memento of the original from September 15, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; down. on August 17, 2008
- ^ Felix Triest : Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, p. 535 .
- ↑ a b Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865 ( digitized version )
- ↑ See territorial.de ; down. at March 20, 2008
- ↑ Cf. Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845 ( digitized version )
- ↑ List of municipalities according to Article 12 of the law of January 6, 2005 on national and ethnic minorities and the regional language ( memento of the original of October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 294 kB) Polish Ministry of Public Administration and Digitization
- ↑ Bilingual place-name signs in Kieferstädtel ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ markuskrzoska.de
- ↑ a b Felix Triest : Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, p. 537 .
- ↑ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Prussia. Province of Silesia, including the Margraviate of Upper Lusatia, which now belongs entirely to the province, and the County of Glatz; together with the attached evidence of the division of the country into the various branches of civil administration. Melcher, Breslau 1830, p. 329 .
- ↑ a b Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia. 2nd Edition. Graß, Barth and Comp., Breslau 1845, pp. 843-844 .
- ↑ a b Felix Triest : Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, p. 473, paragraph 103 .
- ^ A b Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Silesia and their population. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 324–325, item 2 .
- ^ Gustav Neumann : The German Empire in geographical, statistical and topographical relation . Volume 2, GFO Müller, Berlin 1874, p. 175 .
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 10, Leipzig / Vienna 1907, p. 886.
- ↑ gemeindeververzeichnis.de
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. gleiwitz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b Archived copy ( memento of the original dated February 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
