St. Anton (Zurich-Hottingen)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. Anton Church, front view

The St. Anton Church is the Roman Catholic parish church in the Zurich district of Hottingen . It has been listed as a building worthy of protection of cantonal importance since 1981.

history

Eastern side portal
Western facade

The Roman Catholic Kultusverein Zürich was founded in 1898 with the aim of building a Catholic church in the Fluntern , Hottingen or Riesbach quarters . It was to become the fifth Catholic church in the city of Zurich, a subsidiary parish of the Liebfrauenkirche .

The popular Saint Anthony of Padua (1195–1231) was appointed as the church patron . On June 13, 1898, St. Anthony's Day, the first call for donations was made for the new building of this church. In 1901 an architecture competition took place; the three architects Stadler and Usteri, Richard Schuster as well as Chiodera and Tschudy each developed a project, among which that of Chiodera and Tschudy emerged as the winner. When this project came under criticism, among other things, because of the building site, the shape and the style of the church, the episcopal ordinariate asked the architects Curjel and Moser to submit another project. In 1901, the building site for today's St. Anton church was bought on Neptunstrasse. Since in 1905 the Chiodera and Tschudy project no longer corresponded to contemporary tastes, a limited competition process took place among the architects Chiodera and Tschudy, Curjel and Moser, Albert Rimli and Thiersch. Although Moser and Curjel did not present a Romanesque, three-aisled basilica, but a neo-baroque church, they emerged victorious from the project. Karl Moser was able to realize his neo-baroque church project in 1912–1914 with the construction of the church of St. Josef in Zurich's industrial district. Karl Moser, the architect responsible for the project, reworked it according to the demands of the commission. The building permit was granted in spring 1906 and the foundation stone was laid on October 28, 1906 .

Between 1906 and 1908 the church was built according to the plans of Robert Curjel and Karl Moser , Karlsruhe. For the later ETH professor Karl Moser, the church of St. Anton was the first public commission in the city of Zurich. On October 10, 1908, the church was consecrated by the Bishop of Chur , Georg Schmid von Grüneck. The actual church consecration took place on October 27, 1935 after the interior had been gradually completed.

In 1935 the lower church was expanded by the architect Karl Strobel. In 1973 architect Walter Bosshart remodeled the lower church. In 1977 the St. Anton Church was renovated on the outside and in 2001/2002 it was extensively renovated on the inside. This was done by the architects Felix Schmid. In 2008 the lower church was renovated and redesigned by Walter Moser .

Until 1985, the old rectory had been to the right of the St. Anton church when viewed from Neptunstrasse. In 1984/1985 today's rectory was built to the left of the church. The old rectory was then demolished and the parish center was built in its place between 1985 and 1988.

In 2001 and 2002 the interior was renovated according to the plans of the architects Oskar Pekarek and Pius Bieri from the Felix Schmid architectural office, Rapperswil . In cooperation with the cantonal monument preservation , a return of the interior design of the upper church to the state of 1929 was sought. The altar area was redesigned. The aim was to adapt the liturgy to the ever decreasing size of the congregation.

Daughter parishes

St. Anton was elevated to a parish in 1910. At that time, the former parishes and later quarters of Zurich Hottingen, Hirslanden , Riesbach and Witikon also belonged to the parish area. The actual church consecration took place on October 27, 1935 by Bishop Laurenz Matthias Vincenz .

In 1927 the parishes of Zollikon and Zumikon were replaced by the parish of Küsnacht and assigned to the parish of St. Anton. In the same year, a building site was purchased on Riethofstrasse for what would later become the first church in Zollikon. In 1931 Zollikon became its own parish.

For the construction of the later Church of the Redeemer , the Kultusverein von St. Anton acquired a building site on Zollikerstrasse in 1933. The Church of the Redeemer was built in the years 1936–1937, raised to an independent parish by decree of December 22, 1937 and separated from the parish of St. Anton.

In Witikon, the parish church of St. Anton was able to acquire the building site for today's church of Maria Krönung on Carl-Spitteler-Strasse. In 1957, a parish vicariate was established in Witikon and, after the construction of the Church of the Coronation of Mary, Bishop Johannes Vonderach appointed it a parish on January 19, 1964.

In 1960 and 1961, the parish boundaries between St. Anton and the neighboring parishes were reorganized.

Since 1933 church services for the French speaking Catholics have been held regularly in St. Anton. Between 1964 and 1966, the Église de la Sainte Famille was built on Hottingerstrasse. Besides the Don Bosco Church in the Aussersihl district , this is the only separate church building for a Catholic mission in the city of Zurich.

To this day, other missions celebrate numerous services in a foreign language in the centrally located St. Anton Church.

The parish has 5,512 members (as of 2017), making it one of the medium-sized Roman Catholic parishes in the city of Zurich.

Building description

Exterior and church building

The church stands “like a monument” between Kreuzplatz and Römerhof. The church was planned as an optical destination in the line of sight of Apollostrasse. As the main axis of the quarter, this street leads almost straight to the main facade of the St. Anton church, which was already determined in 1903 when the planning of the church construction began.

The St. Antonius Church shows with its cubic masses of wide central and narrow aisles, elliptical choir and balcony-like vestibule , tower and symmetrical side annexes that it was designed as a neo-Romanesque church. The spire is reminiscent of places of worship in Valais and Piedmont and the pilaster strips on the walls are modeled on buildings in Northern Italy . In contrast to this are the modern elements such as the plastic decorations of the pond flora, which are taken from Art Nouveau . The exterior of St. Anton is considered to be the most progressive of the historicism buildings of the city of Zurich's diaspora .

  • Main portal

  • Detail on the main portal

  • Detail from the western side portal

  • Side portal

Furnishing

View of the chancel

The church has a basilica floor plan with a central and two side aisles. Thick round pillars characterize the vestibule and the interior of the church. Consoles support the belts, which structure the yokes with the groin vaults. A mighty cap arches over the apse. Three-domed windows lead the light into the central and side aisles. Karl Moser counteracted the longitudinal direction of the church by building the pews from the main nave to the side aisles. In addition, the belt arches were highlighted with stencil paintings to additionally emphasize the transverse direction.

As the last element of the original interior design, Fritz Kunz completed the Stations of the Cross in 1929 . The church was to be returned to this condition from 1929 during the interior renovation in 2001/2002. The outer doors were reconstructed, the stored original alabaster chandeliers were restored to their original place in the arched openings between the main and side aisles. The floor in the naves was reworked according to old templates and the pews were reduced from originally 1000 to 364 seats.

The pulpit is made of yellow Siena - marble and was built 1917th Four bronze reliefs show the western church fathers St. Ambrosius , St. Gregorius , St. Hieronymus and St. Augustine . These reliefs were created in 1920 by the sculptor Andreas Kögler (1878–1956).

The high altar was also made in yellow Siena marble in 1914 by Schmidt & Schmidweber, Zurich and Dietikon . A priest figure was attached to the left and right of the tabernacle with crucifix , each of which was surrounded by an angel figure on the left and right. The four angels show symbols of the Passion of Christ ( handkerchief , crown of thorns, etc.). Because of the First World War, it was Brass scarce; therefore only the two priest figures are made of chased brass, the angels are made of painted and patinated plaster .

During the interior renovation, the front altar area was redesigned and moved into the nave. The sculptor Hans-Peter von Ah (* 1941), Ebikon created the new people's altar from white Carrara marble , which, together with the newly created liturgical area, is subordinate to the symmetry of the choir, but remains a foreign body in Moser's ensemble in terms of color. The altar was consecrated on Pentecost Sunday 2002.

  • High altar

  • pulpit

  • Baptistery

  • Baptismal font

Choir paintings and paintings above the side altars

The frescoes in the choir of the church, which were inaugurated on October 9, 1921, are by Fritz Kunz . They are characterized by a solemn severity, stylization and characteristic coloring. Fritz Kunz was influenced by the Beuron School . The large fresco was designed for an area of ​​200 square meters in 1919 (sketches) and 1920 (model). From May 11th to October 11th 1921 Fritz Kunz created the fresco in the church.

The fresco in the apse depicts a Te Deum image with Christ enthroned , surrounded by angels, apostles and saints .

The two side murals show scenes from the life of St. Anthony. (Sermon on fish and healing of a youth).

The side altars were made in 1918 and show two further frescoes by Fritz Kunz from 1919 in marble arches: The left altar depicts a Madonna and Child, venerated by saints and young men and women. The right altar is dedicated to the church patron St. Antonius and shows the blessing of the holy bread. What is special about this depiction is that the church patron St. Antonius also distributes bread and alms to a father who is depicted in the uniform of the Swiss soldiers during the First World War . The fresco thus refers to the current problem at the time that there was still no Wehrmann compensation fund for the Swiss soldiers, so that the soldiers were very worried about the feeding of their families.

Baptistery

During the restoration in 2002, the original wall design was restored. The paintings were created by Fritz Kunz in 1926 and show v. r. n. l. the expulsion from Paradise , Moses dividing the sea, the Annunciation , the baptism of Jesus and finally an allegory with a deer quenching his thirst.

The font was created by Johann Michael Glässel in 1909 and shows four images from the life of Christ (the Holy Family , Baptism, Crucifixion and Resurrection ) on the brass lid . The statuette that crowns the brass lid depicts Jesus on the Sea of ​​Galilee , to whom a drowning disciple is clinging.

organ

Kuhn organ from 1914 (partial view)

The organ of the St. Anton church comes from the company Kuhn , Männedorf, and was inaugurated on February 1, 1914. The organ prospect was designed by architect Karl Moser. The instrument has a pneumatic action with 54 registers . The completely preserved late romantic disposition comes from Fridolin Roth (1871–1961). The gaming table is a scaled-down copy of that in St. Sulpice , Paris.

In 1947/1948 the organ was first renovated. During the church renovation in 2001/2002, the organ was overhauled again. The remote work behind the high altar, which began in 1926 but was not implemented, was also created here. The Kuhn organ in the St. Anton church is considered to be the oldest organ in the city of Zurich that has been preserved in its entirety.

Disposition:

I Manual C-g 3
Principal 16 ′
Bourdon 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Flauto major 8th'
Flauto amabile 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
Covered 8th'
Gamba 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Super octave 2 ′
Mixture VI 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Cornett 8th'
Trumpet 8th'
II Manual C-g 3
Lovelydacked 16 ′
Violin principal 8th'
Flûte harmonique 8th'
Delicately covered 8th'
Reed flute 8th'
Salicional 8th'
viola 8th'
Dolce 8th'
Fugara 4 ′
Transverse flute 4 ′
Octave 2 ′
Clarinet 8th'
Cornettino 4 ′
Tremulant
III Manual C-g 3
Quintatön 16 ′
Lovely covered 8th'
Concert flute 8th'
Aeoline 8th'
Voix céleste 8th'
Flauto dolce 4 ′
violin 4 ′
Flautino 2 ′
oboe 8th'
Vox humana 8th'
Tremulant
III Fernwerk C – g 3
Bourdon d'écho 8th'
Viola d'amore 8th'
Vox angelica 8th'
Vox humana 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
Principal bass 16 ′
Sub bass 16 ′
Silent 16 ′
Harmonic bass 16 ′
Violon bass 16 ′
Quintbass 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octavbass 8th'
cello 8th'
Dolcebass 8th'
Super octave 4 ′
trombone 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'
  • Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
    • Suboctave: II / I, III / I, III / II
    • Superoctave: II, II / I, III, III / I, III / II
  • Hand register and free combination
  • Wind Chest: Pocket Shop
  • Action: pneumatic (remote control electric)
  • Registration: pneumatic (remote control electrical)

  • View of the organ

  • Organ prospectus

  • Game table with pipe brochure on the left

Lower church

Lower church

The Church of St. Anton was the first of the Catholic houses of worship in Zurich to have a lower church . The lower church was expanded in 1934/1935 by the architect Karl Strobel, Zurich and completely rebuilt in 1973 by the architect Walter Bosshart, Zurich and the artist Josef Caminada, Zurich. On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the parish in 2008, the crypt was completely renovated again and architect Walter Moser redesigned in consultation with the cantonal monuments to a bright liturgical space, Mass is celebrated daily in the.

Church tower and bells

Steeple

The church tower of St. Anton is made of Bolliger sandstone on the outside from the base to the tower cross, which was added later in its present form . It reveals its modernity not only through its dimensions, but also through the sound openings with the sculptural work at the height of the belfry by Bernhard and Julius Schwyzer, Zurich.

The originally iron, gilded tower cross was replaced in 1929 by a stone one designed by the architect Karl Moser. The foundations , the shaft up to the height of the church roof and the reinforcement pilasters consist of the then new construction material reinforced concrete . The tower clock dates from 1923.

The chime consists of six bells, which were cast by the Grassmayer bell foundry in their branch in Buchs SG . The largest bell had to be cast again and, in contrast to the other bells, does not date from 1911, but from 1912. This bell is the largest that has ever been cast by the Grassmayer bell foundry. The bells were inaugurated on March 17, 1912 by Chur Bishop Georg Schmid von Grüneck. With a total weight of 14,310 kilograms, it is the second heaviest bell in the city of Zurich.

number Weight volume dedication
1 5425 kg As Holy Trinity
2 3650 kg B. St. Anthony
3 2255 kg of Mother of God
4th 1380 kg it St. Joseph
5 1000 kg as St. Jerome
6th 600 kg b Holy Guardian Angel

Appreciation

With the design of the Church of St. Anton as a Romanesque church, Karl Moser remains true to the style of his churches that were built in earlier years. Similarities can be found to the Luther Church in Karlsruhe (entrance area), but also to the Johanniskirche in Mannheim (tower) and to the Pauluskirche in Basel (outlines and stone surfaces with ornamental patterns). At the church of St. Anton, however, Karl Moser had already broken away from the formal language of the Romanesque and switched from the historicism of the 19th century to Art Nouveau to neoclassicism around 1920, as he allowed it to come to fruition in the Fluntern church. Saskia Roth writes about the Church of St. Anton: “With the Romanesque, but art nouveau-like, flat ornamentation ... Moser creates a church with a fascinating effect. He is introducing a new style in Catholic church building in Zurich. "

See also

literature

  • Guido Kolb : 100 years of St. Peter and Paul. Zurich, 1974.
  • Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. Chur 1980.
  • Henri Truffer: Association of Roman Catholic Churches in the City of Zurich. Zurich 1989.
  • Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. ( Swiss Art Guide , No. 786, Series 79). Ed. Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2005, ISBN 978-3-85782-786-0 .
  • Sonja Lüthi Ihle, Pascal Ihle: 100 years of St. Anton. Zurich 2008.
  • Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship in the city of Zurich. New Year's Gazette Industriequartier / Aussersihl. Zurich 2012.
  • City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. Zurich 2014.

Web links

Commons : St. Anton (Zürich-Hottingen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Interior views of St. Antonius Catholic Church, Zurich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. P. 10.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Henri Truffer: Association of Roman Catholic Parishes of the City of Zurich. P. 176.
  3. ^ Rainald Fischer, in: Guido Kolb: 100 years of St. Peter and Paul. P. 190.
  4. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. Pp. 5-6.
  5. ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. Pp. 106 and 110.
  6. ↑ a b c d Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship in the city of Zurich. P. 75.
  7. ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. P. 106.
  8. ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. P. 105.
  9. ^ Henri Truffer: Association of Roman Catholic Parishes of the City of Zurich. P. 177.
  10. ^ A b Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. Pp. 10-11.
  11. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. P. 4.
  12. ^ Henri Truffer: Association of Roman Catholic Parishes of the City of Zurich. Pp. 176-177.
  13. ↑ See article on Wikipedia on Maria Krönung (Zurich-Witikon)
  14. ^ Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship in the city of Zurich. Pp. 17 and 77.
  15. ↑ Catholic Church in the Canton of Zurich: Annual Report 2017. p. 84.
  16. ↑ Sonja Lüthi Ihle, Pascal Ihle: 100 years of St. Anton. P. 23.
  17. ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. P. 108.
  18. ^ Rainald Fischer, in: Guido Kolb: 100 years of St. Peter and Paul. P. 195.
  19. ^ Rainald Fischer, in: Guido Kolb: 100 years of St. Peter and Paul. P. 195.
  20. ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. P. 108.
  21. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. Pp. 22-23.
  22. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. P. 11.
  23. ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. P. 110.
  24. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. P. 23.
  25. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. P. 28.
  26. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. Pp. 29-30.
  27. ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. P. 108.
  28. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. Pp. 30-31.
  29. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. Pp. 18-20.
  30. ↑ Portrait of the instrument on the website of the organ builder Kuhn. Retrieved June 28, 2013.
  31. ^ Rainald Fischer, in: Guido Kolb: 100 years of St. Peter and Paul. P. 195.
  32. ^ Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship in the city of Zurich. P. 75, and Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. Pp. 32-33.
  33. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. P. 14.
  34. ^ Hanspeter Rebsamen: The Catholic parish church of St. Anton in Zurich. P. 15.
  35. ↑ Information about the bells on YouTube . Retrieved January 31, 2015.
  36. ^ Saskia Roth: St. Anton , in: City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. P. 110.

Coordinates: 47 ° 21 '55.7 "  N , 8 ° 33' 25.9"  E ; CH1903:  684,492  /  246673