St. Ludgerus (Elte)
The St. Ludgerus Church is the Catholic parish church of the municipality of Elte near Rheine . Since 2012 it has been one of the three churches of the Parish Association of St. John the Baptist , consisting of the formerly independent parishes of Elte ( St. Ludgerus ), Hauenhorst ( St. Mary's Visitation ) and Mesum ( St. Johannes Baptist ).
Patronage
The community and the parish church are under the patronage of St. Liudger , the first bishop of Münster . The place Elte has a special relationship to Liudger, as one of the most popular legends of this saint is located here: Liudger moved across the country with the reputation of being able to do strange things. To test this, farmers in Elte complained to the future bishop that wild geese were eating the freshly sown seeds from their fields. If it were in his power, he should do something about it. St. Liudger then ordered the wild animals to retreat to a stable. The fields were spared, the farmers could slaughter the geese and later harvest their crops. These and other goose legends justify the representation of the bishop with a goose as his distinguishing feature .
History and architecture
The listed church is traditionally the successor to the former castle chapel of the nearby Schwanenburg. However, this cannot be proven. However, it can be verified that the building partly consists of demolition material from the prince-bishop's castle in neighboring Bevergern , which was razed in 1680 . It lies on a sand hill built over by a quarry stone plateau. Due to this elevated location, which characterizes the village, it appears as a stately village church despite its relatively small dimensions (tower height 18.50).
Until the expansion in the 20th century, the church was a small three-bay hall church in the typical forms of the Westphalian Gothic with a polygonal choir closure and an open south porch from 1683. The pointed arched windows and the buttresses on the outer walls typical of that time also breathe the spirit the late Gothic. On closer inspection, however, there are many Baroque stylistic devices (massive plinths, extremely massive buttresses, slight pointed window arches, sober tracery ). Often it seems to be Gothic style elements, but these are interpreted in baroque style. Thus, the building represents a typical example of post-Gothic from the second half of the 17th century. This form of recourse to the pre-Reformation Gothic language of forms should be understood as a conscious counterpoint to Protestantism and is therefore a stone-built symbol of the Counter-Reformation in northwest Germany .
The four-story tower is late Gothic in the lower part . Iron wall hooks with the Christ monogram and the year ANO (sic!) 1668 stabilize the gable walls. Their shape finds models in the surrounding area, all from the 17th century.
Expansion from 1923 to 1925
In the 1920s, as the congregation grew, the church became too small after having provided enough space for all parishioners for over 300 years. It instructed the Episcopal building department in Münster, represented by the later Dombaumeister on Paulus Dome in Muenster Wilhelm Sunder-Plassmann to create a plan for the expansion of the old building. He replaced the entire north wall with a three-aisled room with an apse and a sacristy between the new choir and the north aisle wall . As a result of this extension to the north, the building tripled its floor area, but lost its east- facing orientation , which is typical of the church . By and large, the design language of the original building was adopted, but mixed with the taste of the New Objectivity of the time . This manifests itself, among other things, in the lack of buttresses and the renunciation of the interplay between stonight and wall plaster. Furthermore, an unadorned vestibule was added to the south side of the historical part of the building. Overall, a rather confusing two to three aisle hall was created. The vaults were not designed uniformly (e.g. based on the original gothic forms), but were supplemented by rectangular ribbed vaults with round keystones .
The new room concept also made it necessary to reorganize the liturgical furnishings: if both altars were originally quite cramped next to each other in the old apse, the main altar has now been moved to the newly created spacious north apse, and the side altar was placed in the middle of the east choir, which has become the side apse .
Furnishing
Today the church still has a large number of works of art from the time it was built, as well as from later times. These are among others:
- a carved high altar from 1684 with a refectory from the 19th century. The essay in red, white, blue and gold, with the coat of arms of Prince-Bishop Maximilian Heinrich of Bavaria . Altarpiece depicting St. Ludger ( oil on canvas ) by the Coesfeld artist Hermann Veltmann. In shell niches next to it fully plastic figures of the princes of the apostles Peter and Paul .
- a side altar from 1648 by Bernd Meyering (* 1631, † after 1703) from Rheine. Baumberger sandstone with passion scenes , painted in color . The altar is a donation from a textile merchant from Elteran and his wife. The work is very similar to the altar in the neighboring village of Mesum , which is a few years younger , and also a work by Meyering.
- Other, smaller pieces of equipment by the same artist can be found in the church:
- a Good Friday cross made of oak with a renewed poliment setting .
- a consecration stone made of Baumberger sandstone (marked 1683), originally set into an inner wall that can no longer be determined.
- the pulpit made of dark stained oak, partly gilded. Pulpit in late Gothic shapes, the sound cover in shapes of the late Dutch Renaissance from the 17th century. Until the transfer in 1925, the pulpit was crowned with a carved figure of St. Liudger in the forms of the early "Soft Style" ; today placed on the stair post of the pulpit.
- a small baptismal font in the shape of a cup, probably from the time when Eltes became a parish between 1621 and 1668.
- Window from 1684. Grisailles painting in lead frame with coats of arms of noble and bourgeois benefactors and sponsors of church building in Elte.
- further windows from the time after the church was enlarged in the 20th century. Among them are the choir windows in the form language of the Nazarenes , but in the colors of Expressionism , which was modern at the time , with scenes from the childhood of Jesus.
- an altar cross made of oak, the body with poliment setting; probably from the second half of the 18th century.
- a figure of St. Joseph carrying the Christ child, a Westphalian work from the 18th century. Oak wood, painted with oil paints in red, blue, gold and incarnate . The specialty of the depiction are the hiking boots and the storage bag of Joseph, which identify him as the protector of Jesus during the flight to Egypt .
- a baroque, twelve-flame chandelier in the shape of a "Flemish crown". Due to the lack of other decorative elements, an exact dating is difficult to achieve.
- a Pietà based on the example of the famous and highly revered marble group of the German Roman Wilhelm Achtermann , one of the main representatives of Nazarene sculpture. Its original for the cathedral in Münster , made in 1849, was destroyed in the Second World War. The reduced, but well-made copy can be traced back to Elte at the end of the 19th century.
- Larger-than-life crucifixion group from 1930 on the eastern outer wall as a memorial for the citizens of Elte who died in the First World War . A work by the Münster artists Franz Rüther and Adolf Rosenberg in Wrexen sandstone .
organ
According to some documents in the community archive, the church received its first organ in 1777. The organ builder Friedrich Ludwig Heilmann from Herbern delivered a one-manual instrument with 8 registers and an attached pedal for the price of 513 Reichstalers . This organ was replaced around 1880 by a new instrument with the same number of registers, which in turn was rebuilt and supplemented in 1912 by the organ builder Friedrich Fleiter from Münster. The registers remained unchanged, but a new fan , new windchest , the console and the action have been renewed. Ultimately, this organ was expanded in 1958 and sold to nearby Riesenbeck , where it was now over a hundred years old and served until 1988.
The following instrument was then made by the organ building company Gebr. Stockmann from Werl . It was a cone chest organ with 13 registers on two manuals and a pedal. The free-standing instrument was placed in the old east choir and remained there unchanged until 1984.
Once again, the Fleiter company from Münster was commissioned to convert and expand this instrument. It was supplemented by 5 registers to a total of 18 sounding voices, a tremulant and a swell . The entire instrument was installed in a specially opened room in the tower; the seven-axis prospect , facing the opening, was installed on brackets in front of it that were color-coordinated with the organ's face . The game table remained (freely movable) in the church.
The instrument is still in use in this form today, but its technology is now outdated and its pipe inventory is in urgent need of renovation. For this purpose, the municipality will be holding a series of concerts from 2019, which will enable the financing of the organ renovation.
The disposition of this instrument (additions from 1984 with *):
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Church treasure
Despite its status as a village church, the St. Ludgerus Church has a considerable church treasure:
- baroque ciborium from the second third of the 17th century;
- Tower monstrance in the style of the 15th century (around 1900);
- Graduale Romanum from 1660 and Missale Romanum from 1751;
- Missale S. Ecclesiae Monasteriensis from 1835;
- Historical paraments made of silk brocade with embroidery in the design language of the Nazarenes, created around 1900:
- Cope with extremely fine needle painting on the back;
- Chasuble in an anciently cut bass violin shape;
- Marien chasuble with particularly elaborate embroidery (probably from the Marien pilgrimage site in Kevelaer ).
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments , North Rhine-Westphalia . Volume 2, Westphalia, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1969
- Rudolf Breuing and Karl-Ludwig Mengels: The art and cultural monuments in Rheine , Part IV: The monuments in Elte, Hauenhorst and Mesum. Tecklenborg Verlag, 2011
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Franz Greiwe, The Office Rheine, space-history-Customs, eds .: Rheine
- ^ The art and cultural monuments in Rheine, Part IV; Rudolf Breuing; Tecklenborg Verlag 2011
- ↑ https://johannes-der-taeufer-rheine.de/event/konzertreihe-zum-projekt-orgel-in-elte-2/
Coordinates: 52 ° 14 ′ 29 ″ N , 7 ° 31 ′ 20 ″ E