Großfahner

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′  N , 10 ° 50 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Thuringia
County :	Gotha
Management Community :	Fahner height
Height :	200 m above sea level NHN
Area :	11.41 km 2
Residents:	825 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	72 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	99100
Area code :	036206
License plate :	GTH
Community key :	16 0 67 033
Association administration address:	Markt 7 99958 Tonna
Website :	www.vg-fahner-hoehe.de
Mayor :	Hans Kirchner
Location of the community Großfahner in the district of Gotha

Church of St. Peter and Paul

Großfahner is a municipality in the Thuringian district of Gotha . It belongs to the administrative community Fahner Höhe .

location

Großfahner is located on the road from Döllstädt (where the nearest train station is) to Molschleben and Gotha on the eastern slope of the Fahner Höhe , which reaches a height of 412 meters in Abtsberg on the outskirts of Großfahner. There are bus connections to Dachwig, Gotha and Erfurt.

The Jordan, a stream that rises in the Fahner Höhe and flows one kilometer northeast into the Dachwig reservoir, flows through the village, a reservoir measuring almost one square kilometer.

history

A cult site from the La Tène period was excavated and recovered in the vicinity of today's location . In a pit from the 3rd to 2nd century BC BC human skeletons and 125 bones from wild animals and domestic animals were found. The animal bones come from horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs, red deer, wild boars and also wolves.

At the beginning of the 9th century, Fahner is mentioned for the first time in a document as Vaneri / Fanre in a directory of the goods lent by Archbishop Lullus († 786) of Mainz for the monastery Hersfeld von Free . In a deed of gift dated May 18, 874, Yaneri and other 116 places in Thuringia are mentioned as the Fulda Abbey. Archbishop Liubert zu Mainz as well as Abbot Sigehard zu Fulda asserted the right to raise the tithe for themselves. The dispute over this was decided by King Ludwig the German (840–876) at the court of Ingelheim in favor of the Fulda Abbey.

In the 13th century Großfahner became part of the Landgraviate of Thuringia , near the border with Kurmainzisch - Erfurt property. The treasurers and treasurers of the Thuringian landgraves, the lords of Vanre / von Fahner, who have been documented in the village since the 12th century and built a moated castle, resided in the village. However, they did not appear so and therefore did not become lords of the castle. In 1257 the von Fahner feudal men of the Counts of Schwarzburg , whose treasury they became in 1370. After the von Fahner family died out in 1412, rulership of the place was taken over by the von Seebach family , who remained lords of Großfahner until 1945. The moated castle in the middle of the village must have made a defensive impression with its four corner towers and wide moat, but burned down in 1649 (other source: was destroyed in the Thirty Years War). Alexander Thilo von Seebach had a new palace built in the second half of the 17th century . This was designed in two parts, so that both sons can each have a seat. The two parts, each with their own farmyard, were named after the roofing "slate castle" and "brick castle"; The two portals were built around 1680. Both castles had a rich interior. Großfahner came under the sovereignty of the Ernestine Wettins as part of the Fahner rule , took over the Reformation with them and was added to the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha in the course of the division of states.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the von Seebach appointed a Gotha State Minister and Nikolaus Graf von Seebach, a royal Saxon director of the Dresden theaters. The fruit growing , for the area on the Fahner's height up to today ( "Fahnersche cherry villages"), was in 1791 by Friedrich Wilhelm von Seebach (Naumburg Cathedral Provost ) and the parish priest of Kleinfahner, Johann Volkmar Sickler introduced: with Kirschenstämmchen from the Rhineland. Fruit growing has been an important line of business since then and makes the area particularly attractive. The goods, which were combined as a family company and managed by Thilo and his son Alexander, were the largest employer in Großfahner until 1945.

Großfahner was occupied by US troops on April 9, 1945 without major fighting . At the end of April, many valuable objects (old hunting weapons, armor, art objects) were stolen from the castles. In July 1945 a Soviet command office moved into the castle, those of Seebach were expropriated, moved to Kleinfahner and were expelled from the Gotha district in January 1946. They only escaped deportation to the island of Rügen because "the children were still too young and the grandparents too old". 1947/48 the locks that had survived the war intact, were based on the 209, the command SMAD the demolition Released: "The strongholds must fall." New farms were built on the estate. At the beginning of the 1950s all farmers had to join the LPG , "Fahner Obst" and "LPG T (ier)" were created.

After the political change and reunification, successor organizations took over the agricultural land, fruit growing and livestock were reduced. Property law claims of the von Seebach family were rejected under German law. The townscape has been made handsome again. Many residential houses have the traditional half-timbered clay construction, but more and more houses have lost their characteristic facade behind insulation panels. In 1997 the Peter and Paul Church was consecrated again after 6 years of renovation.

Population development

Development of the population (December 31) :

1994-877 1995-874 1996-891 1997-902 1998-891 1999-904

2000-906 2001-920 2002 - 914 2003 - 911 2004 - 891 2005 - 899

2006-888 2007 - 879 2008 - 861 2009 - 862 2010 - 850 2011 - 833

2012 - 809 2013 - 827 2014 - 834 2015 - 821 2016 - 810 2017 - 825

2018 - 811 2019 - 825

Data source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

economy

Großfahner is very rural. In addition to a larger agricultural company and various fruit growers, other employers include medical technology, a powder and paint coating company and a butcher.

Attractions

• Church of St. Peter and Paul: The predecessor of today's church was a Romanesque hall church, which was first mentioned in 1169. In 1645, during the Thirty Years' War, it burned down. It was rebuilt in 1651–1653, the church tower in 1661/62. Modifications were made to the nave in 1713 and to the church tower in 1874. In 1980 the church had to be closed due to the risk of collapse. A thorough restoration took place with the active participation of the population from 1991, and in 1997 the church was consecrated again.
• Cemetery next to the church: A memorial stone reminds of the graves of the von Seebach family that used to be here. The family's old grave slabs are now leaning against the church wall.
• The name Schloss-Gasthof is still reminiscent of the old manor house of the von Seebach family, which was removed in 1948. The kindergarten was built on the site of the former Tews estate nursery. An old stone staircase with a fountain still reminds of it. Behind the former castle pharmacy, one of the two formerly existing bridges to the castle complex has been partially restored.
• There are still a number of interesting half-timbered houses in the village.
• Remnants of the old village wall can still be found on the Hög, north of the cemetery and in the kindergarten.

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  church

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  The year 1678 on a church lintel

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  Memorial stone for the von Seebach family

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  Grave slab of Ludwig Alexander von Seebach

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  another grave slab of the von Seebach family

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  a third grave slab of a von Seebach family member

education

There is a state primary school in Großfahner.

societies

The most important clubs in the area are TSV Großfahner e. V. (founded in 2007), the volunteer fire brigade, the association for local history and an allotment garden association. There is also the Fahnerschen Faschingsverein '78 e. V. and the Kirmesgesellschaft Großfahner e. V. as carnival clubs.

Cultural meaning

In 1968, during repair work on the roof of the church, numerous music manuscripts from the years between 1681 and 1727 were discovered, which prove that during the Baroque period there was a lively musical maintenance in the village. Großfahner must have had an efficient adjuvant choir , which performed demanding cantatas by composers such as Johann Michael Bach , Johann Pachelbel , Philipp Heinrich Erlebach or Georg Philipp Telemann in the church services . The partly badly damaged manuscripts were painstakingly restored after their discovery and are now in the Thuringian State Music Archive in the "Franz Liszt" University of Music in Weimar.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Michael Köhler: Pagan sanctuaries. Jenzig-Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-910141-85-8 , p. 142.
3. ↑ Guido Reinhardt: History of the market Gräfentonna. Langensalza 1892.
4. ↑ Wilfried Warsitzka: Die Thüringer Landgrafen Verlag Dr. Bussert & Stadeler, 2004, ISBN 3-932906-22-5 , p. 203

literature

• Reinhold Andert: The Tretenburg, Herbsleben and the Königsleutedörfer. In: Reinhold Andert: The Thuringian King's Short. Dingsda, Querfurt 1995, ISBN 3-928498-45-2 . (Fahner was a royal village in the Thuringian Kingdom until 531)
• Johann-Wilhelm and Georg-Tilo von Seebach: The von Seebach family and their goods in Groß- and Kleinfahner "in" castles, palaces, manor houses in Thuringia. Edited by BJSobotka and the Thuringian State Office for Monument Preservation, Theiss-Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8062-1123-X .
• Hans Rudolf Jung: Thematic catalog of the music collection Großfahner / Eschenbergen in Thuringia. With an introduction "To the maintenance of figural music in Großfahner, Eschenbergen and the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha between 1640-1750" , Kassel etc. 2001, ISBN 3761815735
• Reinhold Andert: The ring around Herbsleben. In: Reinhold Andert: The Franconian Rider. Dingsda, Querfurt 2006, ISBN 3-928498-92-4 .
• Adam von Watzdorf : Book of fate of the Saxon-Thuringian nobility . CA Starke Verlag, Marburg 1994. p. 419.
• Thomas Bienert: Castle in Großfahner demolished in 1948. In: The fate of battered and extinguished nobility seats. Thuringian General Extra, 2006.

Web links

Commons : Großfahner  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Heimatverein - Association for local history Großfahner e. V.