Aschaffenburg City Theater
The Aschaffenburg City Theater was built in 1811 under Prince-Primate Karl Theodor von Dalberg . The classical auditorium, painted in the style of the Empire , is considered to be one of the most beautiful in southern Germany. The theater's program includes performances from the fields of drama, concerts, dance theater and cabaret.
history
As early as the 14th century there was a stately property, a monastery courtyard in the area of the St. Peter and Alexander monastery in the old town. In 1331 the aldermen Heinrich Quittenbaum was named as the owner of the property "Zum Würzgarten". In 1411 it was the seat of Canon Heinrich von Gonsrod. From 1510 to 1528 it is said to have been the residence of the town schoolmaster Johann von Gonsrodt. In 1542 the Mainz court master Eberhard Rüdt von Collenberg acquired the property in exchange for the “Zur Krone” hostel and named it “Collenberger Hof”. In 1589 Hartmut von Kronberg ( Vizedom from 1578 to 1598) built the "Kronberger Hof" on the site, a three-winged Renaissance complex with volute gables , which was integrated into the later theater buildings. On October 27, 1944, it was destroyed by a mine and, after being reconstructed, is now part of the city theater again. In 1612 she bought a Dalberger and called it from then on "Dalberger Hof". In 1715 the owner changed again: Cardinal Damian Hugo Philipp von Schönborn-Buchheim bought the property to build a German rulers - Kommende . Now it was named " German House ". In 1806 the Teutonic Order was secularized and the sovereign Grand Duke Karl Theodor von Dalberg became the owner.
building
Dalberg's master builder Emanuel Joseph d'Herigoyen was commissioned to build a theater on Schlossplatz, but his plans from 1805 and 1808 were never implemented. At the beginning of 1810, Aschaffenburg shareholders (Casino-Gesellschaft Aschaffenburg), including Dalberg's banker Alois Dessauer , bought the house to build a theater building for a thousand spectators. As his contribution, Dalberg assured the income from the Ökonomiehof in Nilkheim for nine years. In 1811 he decided to sell the Ökonomiehof to Carl Constantin Victor von Mergenbaum and used the proceeds to build the theater. At the same time, Dalberg also acquired the “Zur Rübe” monastery on Pfaffengasse. In the inner courtyard of the Deutsches Haus, the theater was built according to plans by the Frankfurt architect Tabor, the construction was carried out by the Frankfurt master builder Friedrich Samuel Susenbeth. A redouten and ballroom, the “Deutschhaussaal”, with a classical facade was built on the property of the Stiftshof. Aschaffenburg painters designed the interior. The impresario Joseph Schemenauer, who came from Bamberg , became the first theater director . Under his direction, the Grand Ducal privileged theater in Aschaffenburg was opened on November 3, 1811. A year later, the Deutschhaussaal was opened with a festive ball on the name day of Prince Primate Carl Theodor (November 4, 1812). In 1814 Aschaffenburg became part of Bavaria and the theater became a royal privileged theater . The square in front of the Deutschhaussaal was redesigned as Karlsplatz in honor of the prince and paved in 1835.
The heirs of the now sole shareholder Alois Dessauer sold the theater to the city of Aschaffenburg in 1851. The city theater has been renovated, restored and modernized several times, most recently in 1936 it received a new Siemens stage signal box with a lighting bridge and lighting towers. Badly damaged by a mine in a British air raid on October 27, 1944, the theater burned down on January 3, 1945 after an American air raid. After a demolition request failed to find a majority, the city council decided in 1946 to rebuild the city theater and began the first repair work. On September 20, 1947, gaming operations were resumed. In 1959 the wooden barracks (cloakroom) were removed and a new foyer was added. A general renovation took place in 1980/81 and in 2008 a new facade was created, the redesign of the auditorium, so that for the 200th anniversary of the Aschaffenburg City Theater with a large house with 430 seats and 30 standing places, a studio stage with 150 seats and a stage 3 with 100 seats, a two-story foyer and a restaurant "Jedermann" invited to visit.
Game operation
The grand ducal privileged theater in Aschaffenburg was opened on Sunday, November 3rd, 1811 with a play in 4 acts by Vogel entitled: Margrave Georg Friedrich or the Battle of Wimpfen . One played in the Kometihaus Friedrich von Schiller , Wilhelm Tell (1812), The Bride of Messina (1813), The Maiden of Orleans (1813); August Wilhelm Iffland ; August von Kotzebue (35 pieces). The court orchestra under Johann Franz Xaver Sterkel did Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's The Abduction from the Seraglio (31 March 1812) and The Magic Flute (3 April 1812) performed. On May 6th of the same year Oberon, King of the Elves by the Moravian-Austrian composer and conductor Paul Wranitzky (1756-1808) was performed. In the Kingdom of Bavaria the theater lost the support of the court and director Schemenauer left Aschaffenburg in 1817.
In the spring of 1858, the Würzburg Opera Company of the Kapellmeister Lorenz Fichtelberger gave a ten-day series of guest performances with works by Mozart, Weber , Meyerbeer , Donizetti and Flotow in the new city theater of Aschaffenburg.
Under the director Johann Carl Schubert (1872–1888) the Aschaffenburg theater flourished. Touring stages and the ensembles from Würzburg , Hanau , Mainz and Darmstadt were invited to guest performances. “The performances, often co-designed by prominent top performers, finally offered the local audience that big-city flair that they had dreamed of for so long. Regardless of whether the guests were playing operas, operettas, classical drama, Schwänke or - especially currently - dramatic local novels (Ganghofer) ..., the flow of visitors never stopped. 'Such a mass rush as at yesterday's performance should not have occurred here for years,' commented the critic of the Aschaffenburg premiere of the begging student by Carl Millöcker on November 8, 1885. “The directors Emil and Antonia Steger (1909–1921) received this Stadttheater again an actor ensemble, reinforced with foreign guests (Berlin and Munich), Romeo and Juliet , King Lear , A Midsummer Night's Dream , Much Ado About Nothing , What You Want from William Shakespeare on the program. Schiller's Don Carlos , Goethe's Egmont , Lessing's Minna von Barnhelm and numerous modern pieces were also played. Steger's Mephisto and Gretchen from Goethe's Faust or Iago and Desdemona from Shakespeare's Othello were highlights of this period. In the 1930s there was a collaboration with the Hanauer Theater. Hanau played operas and operettas and Aschaffenburg spoken theater. At the end of the decade they had even formed a theater community. The last curtain fell on July 20, 1944 after the Count of Luxembourg by Franz Lehár .
After unsuccessful attempts to rebuild an ensemble after the war, it was decided to conclude guest performance contracts with Darmstadt ( State Theater ) and Würzburg ( City Theater ). Aschaffenburg had a “giant stage” for them, because their houses were destroyed in the war, and they played in the orangery and in a gym. Fritz Rémond and his Small Theater in the Zoo , Frankfurt, were added as the third guest stage . With him, artists like Martin Held , Louise Martini , Inge Meysel and Hans-Joachim "Kuli" Kulenkampff came to Aschaffenburg. This was followed by other guest contracts with the Franconian Theater Schloss Maßbach , guest performances by the German Theater in Göttingen , the Städtische Bühnen Mainz , the Opera Theater in Munich, the State Theater in Wiesbaden , the State Theater in Munich , the National Theater in Prague , the State Theater at Gärtnerplatz in Munich, the Düsseldorf theater , in 1964 the production of Karl-Heinz Stroux , Caesar and Cleopatra by George Bernard Shaw with OE Hasse and Nicole Heesters , the Operetta Theater Bratislava , the Moscow Chamber Opera, the Pfalztheater Kaiserslautern, the Städtebundtheater Hof and many touring theaters with interesting and significant productions .
With the construction of the town hall at the castle in 1991, the music theater was outsourced. With a larger stage and space for 1400 visitors, there are now also large opera stages, especially from Eastern Europe, with their guest performances in Aschaffenburg.
As 200 years before, the reopening and the 2011 anniversary were celebrated with Schiller's Jungfrau von Orleans , this time in a production by the Meininger Theater on November 5, 2011, and Mozart's Abduction from the Seraglio of the Cologne Opera on November 24, 2011 On October 28, 2011 music by the composer Johann Franz Xaver Sterkel was played with Christiane Karg ( soprano ), Sara Hiller ( piano ) and the Collegium musicum Aschaffenburg under the direction of Hubert Buchberger .
Deutschhaussaal
The festival, concert and ballroom has a length of 10 m and a width of 19 m and ends on the left with a semicircular conche (orchestra podium) and two round columns, the right side is straight. The longitudinal walls of the interior are divided into five fields by coupled pilaster strips , with gilded Ionic capitals. the hall had a barrel vault with a belt arch . The side wall to the stage could be opened so that it could be included in the entire theater space on appropriate occasions. The facade facing Karlsplatz has five axes, the middle three of which protrude as a risalit . Five round-arched entrances, closely lined up, lead to the ballroom. There are five semicircular windows above the painted frieze and double cornice . A cornice with a tooth cut closes the facade, the risalit is crowned by a triangular gable .
literature
- Stadttheater Aschaffenburg 1811–1981 On the history of the Aschaffenburg city theater on the occasion of the redesign and renovation of the theater in 1981 . Published by the city of Aschaffenburg in 1981.
- 200 years of Aschaffenburg Theater 1811–2011 Festschrift for the anniversary and the reopening . Editor: Burkard Fleckenstein, Sabine Braun, Editor: City of Aschaffenburg - Cultural Office, Aschaffenburg.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alois Grimm: Aschaffenburg house book . Volume II: Old town between Dalbergstrasse and the castle ... Geschichts- und Kunstverein e. V., Aschaffenburg 1991, ISBN 3-87965-053-5 .
- ↑ Alois Grimm: Aschaffenburg house book .
- ↑ City of Aschaffenburg: Festschrift “200 years of Aschaffenburg theater”.
- ↑ "400 people were locked in the air raid shelter under the city theater, they could all be saved except for six, who were recovered dead". Alois Stadtmüller in: Aschaffenburg in the Second World War - bombing raids, siege, handover. Publications of the history and art association Aschaffenburg i. K. Paul Pattloch Verlag, Aschaffenburg 1970.
- ↑ Newspaper of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt from November 2, 1811
- ↑ Digitized version of the libretto ( Memento of the original dated May 12, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Theodor Jos. Scherg: The school system under Karl Theodor von Dalberg especially in the Principality of Aschaffenburg (1803-1806) and in the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt 2nd part Herold Verlag Dr. Franz Wetzel & Co. Munich Solln 1939
- ↑ Aschaffenburg City Theater 1811–1981
- ↑ Alois Grimm: Aschaffenburg house book .
Coordinates: 49 ° 58 ′ 27 ″ N , 9 ° 8 ′ 39 ″ E