Strachwitz (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of the von Strachwitz

The von Strachwitz belong to the old nobility of Silesia , where their homonymous parent company Strachwitz was near Breslau .

Woyzlaus de Strachowicz first appeared in a document in Wroclaw in 1285 . The line of tribe begins in 1329 with Nicolaus von Strachwitz ( Strachowicz , also Strachwicz ). In 1345 he was a member of the Breslau council, in 1350 he was promoted to councilor and in 1346/47 he was a lay judge .

Today's Counts and Barons von Strachwitz and their families live mainly in Germany and Austria, but also in Great Britain, the USA, Argentina and Australia.

history

The first bearer of the name was a Johann who bought a 3/4 hoof in Strachwitz in 1338 and left it to his brothers Heinrich and Martin in 1339. In the same year a Thilo bought fields in Strachwitz. The Breslau alderman and alderman Nikolaus was mentioned in a document in 1346/47 as resident in Strachwitz. He documented 1329-1350 and was wealthy in Strachwitz, Haidänichen, Lamsfeld and Woischwitz near Breslau.

The grandson of the same name of Nikolaus von Strachwitz was a citizen of Breslau and married Katharina von Zauche, daughter of Christoph von Zauche on Groß-Zauche near Trebnitz in the Duchy of Oels . This estate remained in possession for three generations and gave the family the nickname that is still used today. In the late Middle Ages , the Strachwitz-Zauche were by marriage to the nobility, with coat of arms and land-owning Breslau patricians ; Such families were considered marriageable by the nobility , but did not belong to them.

With the Strachwitz zu Gäbersdorf (since 1726 barons) of another tribe, which became extinct in the 19th century , an agreement was reached in 1626 that they regarded themselves as related. Emperor Ferdinand II - always generous towards his Catholic followers - confirmed this in 1627. At the same time, the Strachwitz-Zauche family placed this legally in the aristocratic status: the nobility of the Gäbersdorf family was always unquestionable, and a coat of arms conferred by King Sigismund in 1420 was only for them. Through the gender and coat of arms association, the Strachwitz-Zauche joined this tradition.

From the Ströhof line, the brothers and imperial councilors Christoph , Canon of Breslau, and Maximilian von Strachwitz and Groß-Zauche , governor of the principality of Neisse , on Arnoldshof, of Regensburg, were raised to the bohemian baron class. But since one was clerical and the other had no sons, the title could not be passed on.

Nevertheless, many family members later held the title of baron, which was not objected to by the Bruschewitz line in Prussia and which was officially allowed to the Jastrzemb line in 1826 in the Duchy of Anhalt-Köthen.

Kamienietz Castle around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Karl Joseph von Strachwitz (1724-1810), founder of the Kamienietz line, bought the Kamienietz and Dombrowka lords and was raised to the Prussian count status in Berlin on July 6, 1798. This was followed on March 24, 1799 in Vienna by Emperor Franz II. The Herbländisch-Austrian recognition of the count status . The name given in the Count's letter of 1798 is: Count Strachwitz von Groß-Zauche and Camminetz . His son Ernst Joachim bought the less-free estate Loslau and Polish-Krawarn .

Georg Graf Strachwitz von Groß-Zauche and Camminetz (* 1940), confirmed by a resolution of the German Nobility Law Committee , and his family use the name Freiherr von Eichendorff Graf Strachwitz von Groß-Zauche and Camminetz . He is the youngest son of Oskar Graf Strachwitz (1889–1951) and Elisabeth Freiin von Eichendorff (1896–1976), great-granddaughter of the poet Joseph von Eichendorff , whose childless brother Rudolf adopted him in order to keep the name Eichendorff in the family. His grandfather was Hartwig von Eichendorff (1860-1944).

Two von Strachwitz brothers emigrated in the 1870s, one to Argentina and the other to Australia. The Argentine branch bears the family name Strachwitz , the Australian branch today bears the surname Alexander , because the emigrated grandfather made his third first name his surname.

One branch today bears the name Strachwitz- Helmstatt as a result of adoption .

As a result of the flight and expulsion of Germans from Silesia and the associated expropriations, the family lost their property in Silesia in 1945.

possession

The property of the Strachwitz included the Silesian estates Kamienietz and Dombrowka, Kostau , Groß Stein (1799–1945), Loslau (? -?), Czieschowa , Peterwitz with Schönwalde (1820–1945), Schebetau (1825–1865) with Světlá ( 1825–1860), Weigelsdorf and Bruschewitz , Altstubendorf , Großstein , Rosmierka , Danietz-Trach , Ottmütz , Sprentschütz , Polish Krawarn (1800–1856), Kadlub (1777–1945), Schräbsdorf (1859–1945), Alt Bertelsdorf near Lauban , Hünern (1907-1945).

Today, Braunsberg Castle in South Tyrol (since 1969), Neuwartenburg Castle in Upper Austria (since 1973) and Saulburg Castle in Lower Bavaria (since 1982) are owned by family members.

Silesia
South Tyrol, Austria, Bavaria

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Strachwitz von Groß Zauche shows in red a bleeding black boar's head with silver tusks ; On the helmet with the black and red blankets are a red and a black ostrich feather. Heraldically more correct, the family now uses gold instead of red in the coat of arms, which was probably the original tinging , because gold was underlaid with iron oxide red in depictions . If it peeled off, only the red base color remained visible.

The coat of arms of the Strachwitz zu Gäbersdorf other tribe, which became extinct in the 19th century, shows a shield divided horizontally into six places by silver and blue, covered with twelve shells in different colors. You had been a baron since 1726.

Coat of Arms Association

Among the various Silesian noble families with the name Strachwitz, two in particular stood out. One was called von Strachwitz and Gäbersdorf after its possessions and had coats of arms with shells, while the other was named after its ancestral home at Oels von Strachwitz von Groß Zauche and had a boar's head in its coat of arms. Representatives of both families decided on December 1, 1626 on the Zobtenberg a gender and coat of arms association, which was confirmed the following year by Emperor Ferdinand II as the Bohemian sovereign. This union created the basic form of that coat of arms, as it is still known today. However, in 1627 the parts of the later extinct Strachwitz-Gäbersdorf in Vienna were changed from blue and silver to the imperial colors black and gold by special grace. With this combined coat of arms, the brothers and imperial councilors Christoph, Canon of Breslau, and Maximilian von Strachwitz and Groß-Zauche, governor of the principality of Neisse, were elevated to the status of Bohemian baron in Regensburg in 1630.

The coat of arms of the Counts of Strachwitz (Berlin, July 6th, 1798) is quartered and covered with a silver heart shield , inside a crowned (Prussian) black eagle, the wings covered with silver clover stems. In the first and fourth golden field a black, bloody torn boar head with silver tusks, the second and third field († von Strachwitz-Gäbersdorf, with changed colors) divided five times by gold and black and each occupied with two (a total of 12) shells, the golden stripes with silver shells, the black stripes with gold. Three crowned helmets rest on the shield: in the middle with a black and silver cover a crowned black (Prussian) eagle with scepter and sword, on the right with a black-gold-red cover an open flight, striped like the shield, occupies both sides with six shells in alternating colors placed in stakes, on the left one with a black-gold-red mixed cover a gold and a black ostrich feather.

At the end of the 19th century, the family took offense at the coat of arms awarded to them in 1798 (the blue-silver parts were changed to black and gold in 1627, so that because of the blood on the boar's head and the helmet covers depicted in black, gold and red in 1798, the coat of arms colors were mainly black , Gold and red appear). On the sex day on July 17, 1898 in Breslau, the question of the colors of the coat of arms was expressly on the agenda. The fact that black and gold were the colors of Habsburg, of all things, played no role at all. Rather, the family was depressed that the combination of black and gold with the red blood of the heraldic animal resulted in a color sequence that had become the embodiment of the democratic-republican movement in Germany during the revolution of 1848 as a black-red-gold tricolor. For this reason only, they wanted to submit the case to the Prussian heraldry .

  • Family coat of arms of the von Strachwitz von Groß Zauche family with the earlier, incorrect tinging

  • Coat of arms of the von Strachwitz zu Gäbersdorf

  • United coat of arms of the lords / barons of Strachwitz from 1626/1630

  • Coat of arms of the Counts of Strachwitz from 1798

Known family members

See also

The cousins of choice instead . However, it is rather unlikely that the Strachwitz-Zauche, who did not appear as citizens of Breslau until the 14th century, would have fought in the battle of 1241 near Liegnitz. Perhaps, however, another von Strachwitz family is meant, which may have come from the town of Strachwitz near Wahlstatt.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 1937 renamed Schöngarten, s. [1] From 1945 Strachowice, now Wrocław's Wrocław-Fabryczna
  2. ↑ Rudolf Stein: The council and the council families of the old Breslau . Holzner-Verlag Würzburg, 1963, p. 112 f.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Homepage of the Strachwitz family , maintained by Alexander Freiherr von Strachwitz
  4. ↑ a b c Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon , Volume XIV, Volume 131 of the complete series, Limburg (Lahn) 2003, pp. 177-179
  5. ↑ Joseph Carl Benedikt Freiherr von Eichendorff ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rathay-biographien.de
  6. ↑ Grafenwappen Strachwitz  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , graphically designed by Lothar Müller-Westphal@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / strachwitz.net  
  7. ↑ Carsten Kretschmann, Von Silesian Adel - The Counts and Barons of Strachwitz ( Lecture manuscript 2012  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice .; PDF; 446 kB)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.strachwitz.net