Sturlungar

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Statue of Snorri Sturluson in Reykholt ( Gustav Vigeland )

The Sturlungar (German also Sturlunger ) were a powerful family in Iceland in the High Middle Ages .

Outstanding personalities

Sturla Þórðarson , who was also known as Hvamm-Sturla after his headquarters in Hvammur in today's Dalir district in the north of Snæfellsnes , is considered the forefather of the family . He probably lived around 1115 AD. He had inherited the godhood there from his father hatteórður Gilsson . Sturla was known to quarrel with many. Jón Loftsson , one of the powerful of the Oddaverjar clan , mediated in one of these cases.

With this later Sturla's son Snorri Sturluson was housed and raised as a foster son, who was to become the most important representative of this sex. Both as a politician and as a man of letters, he gained fame far beyond the borders of Iceland.

In addition to numerous (often illegitimate) half-siblings and two sisters, Snorri had two brothers Þórður Sturluson and Sighvatur Sturluson , who in turn should make a name for themselves as politicians.

Power and civil war

The family clan reached its highest expansion of power in the first half of the 13th century. The resulting imbalance of power in the state ultimately resulted in conditions similar to civil war and the fall of the medieval republic in Iceland at the end of the 13th century.

Through clever alliance policies they had succeeded in bringing West Iceland, the West Fjords and Northeast Iceland under their power. In the south, too, they had great influence through their alliance with the Oddaverjar , another power clan.

Besides Snorri Sturluson himself, his brother Sighvatur Sturluson and his son Þórður kakali Sighvatsson played the most important role in these entanglements .

Literati

As an author, in addition to Snorri himself, the author of the Snorra Edda , the Heimskringla and probably also the saga of Egill Skallagrímsson , his nephew Sturla Þórðarson went down in literary history. He wrote the Íslendingasaga , most of the Sturlungasaga and Hákonarsaga gamla , the story of Håkon IV. (Norway) . Some literary scholars see him as the author of the Kristnisaga and a transcript of the historical source Landnámabók .

Despite the political turmoil, the Sturlungaöld epoch, named after the gender, is considered a heyday of literature. H. before 1280, much of the most famous Icelandic texts of the Middle Ages, especially the Icelandic sagas .

Sturlunga saga

The story of the Sturlungar family is told a. reproduced in the Sturlunga saga .

Pedigree of the Sturlungar 

Hvamm-Sturla, Sturla Þórðarson, Gode in Hvammur, 1116 - 1183
│
├─Halldór (unehel. Sohn)
│
├─Björn (unehel. Sohn)
│
├─Sveinn (unehel., Mutter: Ólöf Vilhjálmsdóttir)
│
├─Helga (unehel., Mutter: Ólöf Vilhjálmsdóttir)
│
├─Þuríður (unehel., Mutter: Ólöf Vilhjálmsdóttir)
│
├─Valgerður (unehel., Mutter: Ólöf Vilhjálmsdóttir)
│
├─Sigríður (unehel., Mutter: Ólöf Vilhjálmsdóttir)
│
├─Steinunn, (Mutter: Ingibjörg Þorgeirsdóttir)
│
├─Þórdís, (Mutter: Ingibjörg Þorgeirsdóttir)
│
├─Þórður, (Mutter: Guðný Böðvarsdóttir), Bauer in Stað á Ölduhrygg, 1165 - 1237
│ │
│ ╰─Sturla Þórðarson, Geschichtsschreiber ebd., 1214 - 1284
│    │
│    ╰─Ingibjörg Sturludóttir, geb. 1240, vgl. Flugumýrarbrenna
│
├─Sighvatur, (Mutter: Guðný Böðvarsdóttir), Gode u.A. in Grund (Eyjafjarðarsveit), 1170 - 1238
│ │
│ ├─Tumi, geb. 1198
│ │
│ ├─Sturla, Gode in Sauðafell í Dölum, 1199 - 1238, gefallen in der Schlacht Örlygsstaðabardagi
│ │
│ ├─Steinvör, Hausfrau in  Keldur á Rangárvöllum, geb. um  1200, gest. um 1270
│ ╰─Þórður kakali Sighvatsson, Machtpolitiker Ísland 1210 - 1256
│
├─Snorri Sturluson, (Mutter: Guðný Böðvarsdóttir), Schriftsteller und Machtpolitiker in Reykholt (Borgarbyggð), 1178 - 1241
│ │
│ ├─Hallbera, 1. Ehe m. Árni óreiður, 2. Ehe mit Kolbeinn ungi aus Víðimýri in Skagafjörður (Gemeinde), um 1201 - 1231
│ │
│ ├─Jón murtur Snorrason, ermordet in  Norwegen, um 1203 - 1231
│ │
│ ├─Þórdís Snorradóttir, 2. Frau des  Þorvaldur Snorrason Vatnsfirðingur im Vatnsfjörður, um 1205 - 1245 oder später
│ │
│ ├─Órækja Snorrason, gest. 1245, wohnte in  Stafholtstunga (Borgarbyggð), wurde aus dem Lande vertrieben  │ │
│ ╰─Ingibjörg, verh. m. Gissur Þorvaldsson von  1224 bis 1233, geb. um 1208
│
├─Vigdís, (Mutter: Guðný Böðvarsdóttir), Hausfrau auf der Insel  Flatey im  Breiðafjörður
│
╰─Helga, (Mutter: Guðný Böðvarsdóttir), verh. m. Sölmundur austmann

See also

literature

Primary literature

  • Sturlunga saga (see below)

Secondary literature

  • Árni Daníel Júlíusson, Jón Ólafur Ísberg, Helgi Skúli Kjartansson: Íslenskur sögu atlas: 1. bindi: Frá öndverðu til 18. aldar. Almenna bókafélagið, Reykjavík 1989
  • Irene R. Kupferschmied: Investigations into the literary form of the Kristni Saga. 2009

Web links

About gender and epoch

To the Sturlunga saga

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ævi og störf Snorra Sturlusonar. (No longer available online.) In: snorrastofa.is. Archived from the original on December 22, 2014 ; accessed on January 4, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.snorrastofa.is
  2. ↑ cf. Háskóli Íslands on the Sturlungar Age , accessed August 18, 2010; s. also Irene Ruth Kupferschmied: Investigations into the literary form of the Kristni saga. Herbert Utz Verlag, ISBN 978-3-381-60877-5 , p. 155. Restricted preview in the Google book search
  3. ↑ cf. z. B. Map of the respective areas of influence (7) Sturlungaöld , accessed on August 18, 2010.
  4. ↑ Ã ?? rmann Jakobsson: Háskóli Íslands to Sturla Þórðarson. In: visindavefur.hi.is. July 27, 2001, accessed January 4, 2015 .
  5. ↑ Ættartré - Sturla Þórðarson ( Memento from July 19, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) In: aettartal.is