Tarnowskie Góry

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Tarnowskie Góry
Tarnowskie Góry Coat of Arms
Tarnowskie Góry (Poland)
Tarnowskie Góry
Tarnowskie Góry
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Silesia
Powiat : Tarnogórski
Area : 83.47  km²
Geographic location : 50 ° 27 '  N , 18 ° 51'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 27 '0 "  N , 18 ° 51' 0"  E
Height : 320 m npm
Residents : 61,422
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 42-600 to 42-680
Telephone code : (+48) 32
License plate : STA
Economy and Transport
Street : Bytom - Lubliniec
Rail route : Katowice – Herby Nowe / Kluczbork
Next international airport : Katowice
Gmina
Gminatype: Borough
Gmina structure: 11 boroughs
Residents: 61,422
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Community number  ( GUS ): 2413041
Administration (as of 2015)
Mayor : Arkadiusz Czech
Address: ul.Rynek 4
42-600 Tarnowskie Góry
Website : www.tarnowskiegory.pl



Tarnowskie Góry ( German : Tarnowitz , Czech Tarnovice ) is an Upper Silesian city ​​in the Polish Silesian Voivodeship .

Geographical location

The city is located in Upper Silesia , about 25 kilometers north of Katowice and about 170 kilometers southeast of Wroclaw .

City structure

  • Bobrowniki Śląskie-Piekary Rudne (Bobrownik-Rudy Piekar)
  • Lasowice (Lassowitz)
  • Opatowice (Opattowitz)
  • Osada Jana (Gallows Mountain)
  • Pniowiec (Pniowitz)
  • Repty Śląskie (Repten)
  • Rybna (Rybna)
  • Sowice (Sowitz)
  • Starlings Tarnowice (Alt Tarnowitz)
  • Strzybnica (Friedrichshütte)
  • Śródmieście-Centrum (city center center, with the historic town center of Tarnowitz)

history

18th century cityscape
Tarnowitzer Ring with Protestant church
town hall
Evangelical Church at night

The city goes back to the discovery of silver deposits in the area and their exploitation. In 1526 Tarnowitz received mountain freedom from Duke Johann II. And Georg von Brandenburg-Ansbach, Duke of Opole . The mining law (a special form of town law) dates from the same year. On July 25, 1562, Georg Friedrich I of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach awarded the city the coat of arms that is still in use today.

In 1873 the district of Tarnowitz was spun off from the district of Beuthen , whose district town became Tarnowitz. At the beginning of the 20th century, Tarnowitz had a Protestant church, two Catholic churches, a synagogue , a secondary school, a mountain school, an agricultural winter school, a preparatory institute and a district court.

Even if 7,451 or 85.2 percent of the valid votes were cast in Tarnowitz in March 1921 in the referendum in Upper Silesia after the First World War in favor of remaining with Germany, the city had to be ceded to Poland in 1922 and became the district seat of the Powiat Tarnogórski ( Tarnowitzer Kreis ) in the Autonomous Voivodeship of Silesia .

coat of arms

Population development until 1945

year Residents Remarks
1803 0 1,431
1810 0 1.937
1816 0 2.152 including 479 Evangelicals, 1,648 Catholics and 25 Jews
1821 0 2,266
1825 0 2,370 including 487 Protestants and 103 Jews
1840 03,591 of which 2,755 Catholics, 609 Protestants and 227 Jews
1843 03,802 thereof 2,938 Catholics, 632 Protestants and 232 Jews
1852 04,509
1890 0 9,982 1,641 Protestants, 7,776 Catholics and 565 Jews
1905 12,721 1,973 Protestants and 375 Jews
1910 13,582

World Heritage Site in Tarnowskie Góry

The historic silver mine (Zabytkowa Kopalnia Srebra) with its drainage was on 9 July 2017 the UNESCO has been added to the list of World Heritage at the 41st Conference of the World Heritage Committee in Krakow. The mine is one of the most important cultural monuments in Upper Silesia.

In Tarnowitz the first steam engine of the Kingdom of Prussia (the third on the European mainland) was put into operation on January 19, 1788 . It drove the drainage system of the Tarnowitz ore mines. The mine includes the deep Friedrichstollen with the "black trout tunnel" (Sztolnia Czarnego Pstrąga).

traffic

Historic station building of Tarnowskie Góry station

South of the large marshalling yard is the Tarnowskie Góry station, where the Tarnowskie Góry – Opole line branches off from the Chorzów – Tczew line. The Tarnowskie Góry – Zawiercie railway used to branch off north of the marshalling yard .

Town twinning

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

  • Karl Wilhelm Bouterwek (born August 30, 1809 - December 22, 1868), grammar school director and historian
  • Theodor Kremski (March 14, 1829 - December 22, 1906), lawyer and priest in Katowice
  • Carl Wernicke (born May 15, 1848 - † June 15, 1905), neurologist and psychiatrist
  • Theophil Krolik (* April 27, 1851; † 1906), member of the Reichstag (center)
  • Max Kayser (born May 9, 1853 - March 29, 1888), editor and social democratic politician
  • Max Mauermann (born July 22, 1868 - † July 1, 1929), Austrian engineer
  • Erich Przybyllok (June 30, 1880 - September 11, 1954), astronomer
  • Alfred Baum (born November 9, 1881 - June 15, 1967), lawyer
  • Oskar Niemczyk (born January 8, 1886 - † November 22, 1961), geodesist and geophysicist
  • Otto Walter (born October 2, 1902 - † May 8, 1983), politician (KPD)
  • Johannes Gorski (born February 28, 1910 - † January 11, 1995), politician (CDU)
  • Erich Scholz (born May 18, 1911 - October 2, 2000), architect and author
  • Klaus Wyrtki (born February 7, 1925 - † February 5, 2013), oceanographer
  • Jerzy Kotowski (born July 23, 1925 - † May 17, 1979), Polish animation filmmaker
  • Helmut Danner (born October 11, 1941), German philosopher, educator and author
  • Andrzej Ryguła (born May 9, 1945 - April 1, 2013), Polish weightlifter
  • Zbigniew Kaczmarek (born June 21, 1946), Polish weightlifter
  • Józef Wandzik (born August 13, 1963), Polish football player
  • Wojciech Choroba (born May 3, 1966), German-Polish football player
  • Adam Marian Pete (* 1966), German-Polish painter, draftsman, poet and performer
  • Martin Max (born August 7, 1968), German soccer player
  • Tomasz Głogowski (born December 30, 1974), Polish politician (Platforma Obywatelska)
  • Robert Krawczyk (March 26, 1978), Judoka
  • Sylwia Gliwa (born June 7, 1978), Polish actress
  • Lucjan Karasiewicz (born July 10, 1979), Polish politician

Have worked on site

  • Leopold Michatz (born February 10, 1885 - † August 3, 1958), 1922–1934 mayor of Tarnowitz.

literature

  • Tarnowitz (encyclopedia entry). In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition, Volume 19, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 327.
  • Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia . 2nd edition, Breslau 1845, pp. 937-939.

Web links

Commons : Tarnowskie Góry  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ^ Website of the city, Burmistrz Miasta Arkadiusz Czech , accessed on March 17, 2015
  3. Online travel guide for Upper Silesia
  4. a b c Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia . 2nd edition, Breslau 1845, pp. 937-939.
  5. See [1] ; down. on June 6, 2009
  6. a b c d Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 5: T – Z , Halle 1823, pp. 394–395, item 727.
  7. Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of all villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Prussia. Province of Silesia . Breslau 1830, pp. 1028-1030.
  8. ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state . Berlin 1856, p. 619.
  9. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sch_tarnowitz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  10. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 19, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 327.
  11. German UNESCO Commission: World Heritage List , accessed on July 9, 2017