Beuthen district

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The district of Beuthen on a map from 1905
The district office building

The district Bytom (until 1890 county Bytom) was from 1743 to 1926, a Prussian district in Upper Silesia . The eponymous city of Beuthen has formed its own urban district since 1890 . The district office was in Roßberg .

Administrative history

After the conquest of most of Silesia, King Friedrich II introduced Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia in 1742 and in Upper Silesia in 1743 . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their division into districts and the appointment of district administrators . The appointment of the district administrators in the Upper Silesian districts was made at the suggestion of the Prussian Minister for Silesia, Ludwig Wilhelm von Münchow , to whom Frederick II approved in February 1743.

The district of Beuthen was formed from the estate of Beuthen , one of the Silesian partial principalities . Gottlieb von Rimultowsky-Kornitz was the first district administrator in the Beuthen district. The group initially was under the War and Domain Chamber Wroclaw and the course was hard Bergisch Stone reform the administrative district of Opole the Silesia province assigned.

In the district reform on January 1, 1818 in the district of Opole circle Bytom received from Pless circle the villages Bogutschütz , Brzenskowitz, Katowice , Myslowitz , Rosdzin, Schoppinitz and Zalenze and the district Tost stains Broslawitz , the villages large Wilkowitz , Grzibowitz, Kempczowitz, Konary, Niedar, Nierada and Wieschowa as well as the colonies Georgendorf, Glinitz, Larischhof , Marienau and Philippsdorf.

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and since January 1871 to the German Empire . Due to the strong population growth in the Upper Silesian industrial area , the district turned out to be too big. Therefore, in 1873, the three new districts Kattowitz , Tarnowitz and Zabrze were separated from the district of Beuthen .

On April 1, 1890, the city of Beuthen left the district of Beuthen and from then on formed its own city ​​district . This changed the name of the district of Beuthen to the district of Beuthen . On April 1, 1898, Königshütte also left the district and became an independent urban district. On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved and the new province of Upper Silesia was formed from the administrative district of Opole .

In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 59.1% of the voters in the district of Beuthen voted to remain with Germany and 40.9% for a cession to Poland . The district was divided by the resolutions of the Paris Ambassadors' Conference . The eastern part of the district fell to Poland, where the powiat Świętochlowice in the Autonomous Voivodeship of Silesia was formed from it. The remaining German part of the district, to which Bobrek , Karf , Miechowitz , Rokittnitz, Roßberg and Schomberg belonged, initially continued as a district until it was dissolved on January 1, 1927 and divided as follows:

  • The rural community and the Roßberg manor district were incorporated into the city of Beuthen.
  • All other municipalities and manor districts were merged with the part of the Tarnowitz district that remained with Germany to form the new district of Beuthen-Tarnowitz .

Population development

year Residents source
1795 19,844
1819 28,171
1846 84,353
1871 234,895
1885 131.998
1900 137,839
1910 195,844
1925 73,461

In the 1910 census, 63% of the residents of the district of Beuthen described themselves as purely Polish -speaking and 30% as purely German-speaking . 96% of the population were Catholic in 1910 and 4% Protestant .

District administrators

Communities

In 1900 the following communities belonged to the district of Beuthen:

Incorporation until 1914
  • Guretzko, on October 1, 1898 in Roßberg
  • Hospitalgrund, 1879 to Bytom
  • , Middle and upper Lagiewnik Lagiewnik on April 1, 1905 to the rural community Hohenlinde together
  • Nieder Heiduk and Ober Heiduk, merged before 1908 to form the Bismarckhütte community

literature

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Beuthen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
  2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Immediatbericht Münchow on the appointment of district administrators in Upper Silesia , p. 540 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ a b c d e Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
  5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
  6. ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Oppelschen government in 1817, no. XLI . Announcement of the new district division of the Opole government district from October 1, 1817. Opole, p. 523 ff . ( Digitized version ).
  7. ^ Roman Kamionka: The reorganization of the district division of Silesia in the Stein-Hardenberg reform period , Breslau 1934
  8. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 39 ( digitized version ).
  9. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 91 ( digitized version ).
  10. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
  11. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
  12. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
  13. ↑ a b c www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  14. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. beuthen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  15. ↑ Jakob Spett: Nationality map of the eastern provinces of the German Empire based on the results of the official census of 1910 designed by Ing.Jakob Spett . Justus Perthes, January 1, 1910 ( bibliotekacyfrowa.pl [accessed March 14, 2017]). , see also Silesia # The ethnolinguistic structure of Upper Silesia (1819–1910)
  16. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.oberschlesien-aktuell.de
  17. ↑ Hanswalter Dobbelmann (Hrsg.), Volker Husberg (Hrsg.), Wolfhard Weber (Hrsg.): Das Preussische England--: Reports on the industrial and social ... , p. 316. ( limited preview on Google Book Search ) .
  18. ↑ Landkreis Beuthen administrative history and district council list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 26, 2013.