Oskar Niemczyk

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Oskar Niemczyk (born January 8, 1886 in Rybna / Tarnowitz (Upper Silesia), † November 22, 1961 in Berlin ) was a German surveyor and professor at the Technical University of Berlin.

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After his graduation at a grammar school in Tarnowitz the son of a teacher first worked for three years in an Upper Silesian iron ore, Bleizink- and coal mines before 1906 at the Mining Academy in Berlin and at the geodetic department of the Agricultural University of Berlin , the subjects Geodesy and Geophysics studied. In 1909 he passed his geodesic examination and a year later the Markscheider examination at the University of Breslau . In the latter position, Niemczyk then worked in various Upper Silesian mines, including in the United Königs- and Laurahütte until the First World War . From 1914 to 1918 Niemczyk took part in the First World War as a lieutenant in the reserve. After his military service, he was taken over by the Silesian Corporation for Mining and Zinc Works in Lipiny from 1919 as director of the mine sheath, property and mining damage department.

After Niemczyk had written his first publications around 1923, he was given a lectureship in mine sheath studies at the University of Breslau from 1925 . In 1929 he received his doctorate there with Serge of Bubnoff Dr. Phil. With the dissertation The Ostrauer layers in the Gliwice saddle zone . In 1931 he was appointed honorary professor at the TH Breslau. In 1931, the TH Berlin appointed him to the chair for marrow studies. From 1933 to 1938 Niemczyk served as dean of the faculty for materials management at the TH Berlin. In 1937 he became a member of the NSDAP. After he was prorector of the TH Berlin from 1939 to 1942, he was rector of this technical university from 1942 to 1945 . Here Niemczyk was instrumental in ensuring that the field of mining damage science was recognized as a sub-area of mine separation and that the faculty for materials management was converted into the faculty for mining and metallurgy . This differentiation was then transferred to all mountain universities in Germany. Even before the Second World War , Niemczyk undertook an extensive geodetic research trip to Iceland in 1938 , which produced considerable geodetic, geophysical and geological results, which he wrote down in his 1943 work Columns on Iceland .

In 1945 Niemczyk was imprisoned by the Soviet occupation forces. In 1948 he was appointed full professor of mine surveying, mining damage and geophysics in mining at RWTH Aachen University , where he taught until his retirement in 1953. During this time his important and in many areas still trend-setting standard work Bergschadenkunde was created . With the beginning of his retirement he moved back to Berlin, where he edited several publications on problems of rock mechanics and rock pressure and from 1958 taught as a permanent visiting professor at his old place of work.

Niemczyk was chairman of the German Markscheider Association from 1933 to 1945 and a member of the German Geodetic Commission since 1952 . For his services, Niemczyk was awarded a Dr. Ing. Eh of the University of Milan and in 1952 he was appointed Honorary Senator of the TU Berlin. In addition, he was honored with the Grand Cross of Merit of the FRG in 1956 .

In the year of his death, the Oskar Niemczyk Foundation named after him was founded, which supports scientific work in the field of mine cutting and mining damage science and awards the Oskar Niemczyk Prize for outstanding diploma theses .

Works (selection)

  • The Ostrauer layers in the Gliwice saddle zone , Noske, Borna-Leipzig 1929
  • Mining damage science as a teaching and research area , Vulkan-Verlag, Haus der Technik, Essen 1938
  • The work of the German Iceland Expedition 1938 in: Geologische Rundschau , Issue 30, Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1939, ISSN  0016-7835 (Print) ISSN  1432-1149 (Online)
  • Lexicon of Surveying , (together with Paul Werkmeister), Wichmann, Berlin 1943
  • Columns on Iceland , Wittwer, Stuttgart 1943
  • Bergschadenkunde , Verlag Glückauf, Essen 1949
  • The problem of rock mechanical processes in hard coal mining , Westdt. Verl., Cologne 1955
  • Mining surveying , 3 volumes (together with Otto Haibach and Paul Hilbig), Academy, Berlin 1951, 1956, 1963
  • Contribution to the restoration of the trigonometric fixed point field in closed, extensive mining areas , Westdeutscher Verlag, Cologne 1963

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Catalogus Professorum: Professor Dr. phil. Dr.-Ing. E. h. Oskar Niemczyk , accessed June 8, 2017
  2. ^ O. N. Foundation homepage, accessed on June 8, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Niemczyk, Oskar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geodesist and geophysicist
DATE OF BIRTH January 8, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Rybna, Tarnowitz , Upper Silesia
DATE OF DEATH November 22, 1961
Place of death Berlin