Viehhausen (Greding)

Viehhausen City of Greding Coordinates: 49 ° 6 ′ 31 ″  N , 11 ° 21 ′ 1 ″  E
Height :	568 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	29  (9 Dec 2019)
Postal code :	91171
Area code :	08463
Viehhausen from a western perspective

Viehhausen is a district of the town of Greding in the Middle Franconian district of Roth in Bavaria .

location

The hamlet is located on the plateau of the southern Franconian Jura in the Altmühltal Nature Park at 568  m above sea level. NHN north of the municipality, the town of Greding, and on the edge of the mountain plateau above Jettenhofen . From the district road RH 28, a local road branches off north of Kleinnottersdorf to the east, which leads to Viehhausen and on to the neighboring village of Stierbaum . The former water tower on the south-western outskirts dominates the townscape.

Place name interpretation

Karl Kugler interprets the place name as a place of residence "to the cattle buildings". Felix Mader interprets the place name as "place where cattle were grazed."

history

Felix Mader attributes the founding of Viehhausen to the late 8th century. Here there was the later called “Viehhauser Brunnen”, a high spring and thus water in an otherwise arid area. In 1305 the location was officially awarded to the latter in the arbitration agreement between Bavaria and the Eichstätt monastery . In the course of the 14th century, the Benedictine monastery of St. Walburg zu Eichstätt acquired the land and bailiff's rule over Viehhausen, the latter on January 16, 1338, when the brothers Gottfried von Hirschberg and Konrad sold them to the abbess Sofia zu St. Walburg. From around 1484 onwards, under Otto von Neumarkt and his mayor's office in Neumarkt , Pfalz-Neumarkt asserted high and low jurisdiction, including over Viehhausen, and made several attacks against which the bishopric lodged complaints with the elector in Munich. A contract from 1523 between Pfalz-Neumarkt and the bishopric cleared the irritations about the sovereignty to the effect that, among other things, Viehhausen remained calibrated. In 1488 it is mentioned that the chaplaincy of the Augustinian choir womens convent Marienstein zu Eichstätt received income from a farm in Viehhausen that belonged to Hans Schenk zu Uttenhofen (= Jettenhofen ). In the 15./16. In the 19th century, the monastery of St. Walburg in Eichstätt had the bailiwick exercised by the rule of Jettenhofen. In 1414 Fritz Schenk von Geyern , who sat at Jettenhofen, received the court, i.e. the guardianship, at Viehhausen. In 1446 Fritz Schenk von Geyern and his wife Adelheid sold their free farm in Viehhausen to the Seligenporten monastery ; In 1586, after several changes of ownership, it was again part of the Jettenhofen rulership and was therefore later subject to the Jettenhofen Episcopal caste office. Of the goods that the Wolfsteiner zu Sulzbürg owned in Viehhausen in the Middle Ages, only one field was left in 1457, which was barren and overgrown with forest. In 1478 Hans Schenk von Geyern, and in 1493 Hieronymus von Rosenberg , sat at Uttenhofen, the care was transferred to Viehhausen and at the same time to Österberg. Later the monastery judge exercised the authority of the community itself.

At the end of the Old Kingdom , Viehhausen consisted of seven properties and a chapel. The hamlet was subject to the high judicial authority of the eichstätt-episcopal judge's office in Greding and, with regard to village and community rule, to the monastery judge's office of St. Walburg. The monastery owned the Meierhof, two other farms, two Köbler estates and a Seldenhof, the latter mostly owned by craftsmen. A farm was under the eichstätt-episcopal caste office in Jettenhofen. Ecclesiastically the hamlet was parish to Obermässing.

After the bishopric of Eichstätt was dissolved in the course of secularization in Bavaria and the monastery of St. Walburg lost its property, Viehhausen and the former bishopric came to Grand Duke Archduke Ferdinand III in 1802 . from Tuscany and 1806 to the new Kingdom of Bavaria and there to the regional court of Beilngries . Here the hamlet was assigned to the tax district Österberg together with Kleinnottersdorf , which in 1811 became the rural community Österberg. With the community edict of 1818, Viehhausen was separated from the community of Österberg and together with Kleinnottersdorf formed the community of Kleinnottersdorf in the district court and rent office of Beilngries, and from 1857 in the nearby district court of Greding .

In 1866 a cooperative grist mill was set up in Viehhausen . In 1875 Viehhausen had a herd of 14 horses and 71 head of cattle with 53 residents. The children went to school in Obermässing around 1875, later to Österberg, where a new schoolhouse was built in 1903.

As part of the regional reform in Bavaria , the municipality of Kleinnottersdorf joined the city of Greding on January 1, 1972.

Population development

• 1823: 45 (8 properties)
• 1846: 51 (8 houses, 10 families)
• 1875: 53 (35 buildings)
• 1938: 42
• 1950: 57 (8 properties)
• 1987: 46 (7 residential buildings, 9 apartments)
• 2012: 47

Mariahilf local chapel

Mariahilf local chapel

In the Middle Ages, the hamlet belonged to the original parish of Sulzkirchen , to which the Plankstetten monastery had had the right of patronage since 1183. The Jettenhofer Hof was pastured to Burggriesbach (also in 1937). At least since the Reformation that the Wolfsteiners carried out in Sulzkirchen, Viehhausen belonged to the parish of the Catholic parish of Obermässing. The Mariahilf chapel was built in the center of the village in 1799 and in 1907 was given a gable tower with a hood above the entrance. The pews carved by the emigrated French priest Jakob Chavot, who lived in and from the hamlet, are special.

In 1938, there were two brick statues and a cross made of stone, wood and iron in the Viehhauser Flur of small religious monuments.

Former water tower

Water tower

On the arid Alb plateau, the rainwater collected in cisterns was used equally by humans and cattle for centuries. In order to achieve a reasonably safe and hygienically better water supply, the construction management of the building contractor Max Netter from Obermässing started building a water tower at the highest point of the five villages Viehhausen (568 meters above sea level), Kleinnottersdorf (545 meters above sea level), Röckenhofen (537 meters above sea level), Österberg (564 meters above sea ​​level) and Stierbaum (565 meters above sea ​​level). The building material was broken in the Viehauser quarry and brought to the construction site in so-called bridge wagons. There the quarry stones were cut by stonemasons. As the tower increased in height, the weight of the stones did not allow them to be pulled up; they had to be carried up using a wooden staircase on the scaffolding. The five villages shared the accommodation and supply of around 200 workers who were constantly involved in the construction. Upon completion, the elevated tank of the tower took 40 cubic meters of water, which was pumped from the three contained springs of Kleinnottersdorf. A total of five cubic meters of water per hour were available for the five participating towns - hardly enough in midsummer with a noticeable decline in the source capacity and a simultaneous increase in water demand. - Today the tower is used for residential purposes, after the places joined the "Jura-Schwarzach-Thalach Group" in 1978 with regard to the water supply.

Viehhausen farm complex No. 1

Architectural monuments

In addition to the Mariahilf Chapel and the former water tower, the Viehhausen 1 farm complex from the 16th to 18th centuries and two wayside shrines from the 18th and 19th centuries are valid. Century as architectural monuments.

See also the list of architectural monuments in Greding # Viehhausen

literature

• Felix Mader: History of the southern Seglau. (Former Eichstättisches Amt Jettenhofen.) (Parish Burggriesbach.) In: Collective sheet of the Historisches Verein Eichstätt 53 (1937), in particular pp. 163–170
• Gerhard Hirschmann: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part of Franconia. Row I, Issue 6. Eichstätt. Beilngries-Eichstätt-Greding. Munich 1959
• Franz Xaver Buchner: The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I: Eichstätt 1937, Volume II: Eichstätt 1938
• Maria Magdalena Zunker: History of the Benedictine Abbey of St. Walburg in Eichstätt from 1035 to the present day , Lindenberg 2009

Web links

Commons : Viehhausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Karl Kugler: Explanation of a thousand place names of the Altmühlalp and its surroundings. One try. Eichstätt 1873: Verlag der Krüll'schen Buchhandlung, p. 126
2. ↑ Mader, p. 163
3. ↑ Mader, p. 5 f.
4. ↑ Zunker, pp. 85, 142 (note 435); Mader, p. 163
5. ↑ Mader, p. 7
6. ↑ Buchner I, p. 238 f.
7. ↑ Mader, p. 90
8. ↑ Mader, p. 167 f.
9. ↑ Mader, p. 169
10. ↑ Mader, pp. 90, 163 f.
11. ^ Johann Caspar Bundschuh : Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia; 6th volume, Ulm 1804, column 18
12. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 147 f.
13. ↑ Hirschmann, pp. 182, 227
14. ^ Agricultural weekly paper for Middle Franconia, No. 21, Ansbach, May 1867, p. 82
15. ↑ ^{a b} Kgl. Statistical Bureau in Munich (edit.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Munich 1876, column 1163
16. ↑ ^{a b} Buchner II, p. 291
17. ↑ ^{a b} Hirschmann, p. 227
18. ^ Eduard Vetter: Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia . Ansbach 1846, p. 53
19. ↑ Official directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 , Munich 1991, p. 347
20. ↑ Müller's Großes Deutsches Ortsbuch 2012 , Berlin / Boston 2012, p. 1430
21. ↑ Mader, p. 64
22. ↑ Mader, pp. 64, 170
23. ↑ Buchner II. Pp. 290, 293; Out and about together. Churches and parishes in the district of Roth and in the city of Schwabach , Schwabach / Roth undated [2000], p. 81
24. ↑ Buchner II, p. 293
25. ↑ Information board at the water tower; [1] Quellenwanderweg on kulturwanderungen.de