Jettenhofen Castle

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The castle, seen from the village.
Bering remains of the former castle
The castle on an oil painting from the 1st half of the 18th century in the parish church of St. Gangolf in Burggriesbach

The Jette Hofen Castle is a former Einödschloss in Jette Hofen, a district of Frey city in the district of Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate in Bavaria .

Geographical location

The former castle is located at 422 meters above sea level in the north of Jettenhofen. In 1801 Johann Kaspar Bundschuh describes his situation as follows: “It is the same between Obermässing and Burggriesbach; 1 hour from the first of these places, only half an hour away from the latter, very lonely and isolated, in a mountainous and wooded corner. "

history

The castle is first mentioned in documents from 1245 and 1248 as the noble seat of Heinrich von Uttenhofen (= Jettenhofen). For centuries it was a deserted castle; only after 1708 a hamlet developed near the castle, today's Jettenhofen. The castle and its affiliations were originally divided into two parts: a fief of the Eichstätt bishopric and a free property. The Uttenhofer family died out around 1447; In the meantime, Jettenhofen Castle had already passed into other hands, namely to the noble family of Seckendorffers and in 1375 to the von Geyern taverns . Erasmus von Rosenberg, bailiff at Uffenheim, bought the castle's own share from Wilhelm Schenk von Geyern. His son, the knight and Eichstätter Hofmeister Hieronymus von Rosenberg , entrusted this share to Bishop Gabriel von Eyb in 1492 to fief. At that time, the castle with a forecourt included 75 daytime meadows, four tree gardens near the castle, four ponds, a very large sheep farm (700 to 800 sheep), forests with a wild ban and a herd of birds . In addition, property in 23 villages in the area belonged to the rule.

When Hieronymus von Rosenberg died without male descendants in 1507, the sons of his brother Leonhard, namely Konrad and Philipp, took over the rule of Jettenhofen. In 1530 they sold the property to their brothers-in-law (and brothers) Rudolf and Walter von Hirnheim zu Haheltingen (= Hochaltingen ) with the consent of the episcopal fief . In 1523 the castle was destroyed by the Swabian Federation . As a stone plaque above the former entrance reports, Rudolf von Hirnheim built the castle residential building from 1562 onwards. After the Hirnheimers died out in 1585, the castle fell to the bishop of Eichstätt as a settled fiefdom, who no longer passed it off as a fiefdom, but made the castle a caste office seat for the episcopal property in the area in 1586, and since around 1690 also for the Eichstättische Hofmark Thannhausen . The Kastner - the first was called Paulus Mangold - was at the same time episcopal Vogt under the keeper of Obermässing , who exercised the high judiciary; he lived in the former castle.

The estate was given to farmers by the bishop. In 1708 the episcopal court chamber sold it to Hans Geidl von Forchheim and Hans Rupp von Meckenhausen on the condition that they split the court into four parts. From 1736/37 on there were four quarter courtyards and a shepherd's house as the hamlet of Jettenhofen. 1801 speaks of ten "forest sites" that belonged to the castle estate "from old times", including "Wolfsleite, where wolf pits were made in the previous centuries." After secularization, the forest property was incorporated into the state forest .

Between the spa Bavaria and the Hochstift Eichstätt there were always disputes about the border line in the south of the electoral mayor's office in Neumarkt. Although Jettenhofen was assigned to the bishopric in a contract concluded in 1523, it was not until January 30, 1767 that a state treaty concluded that matters of sovereignty and fiscal matters were clear. As before, Jettenhofen Castle was among the properties assigned to the bishopric.

After the secularization of the bishopric, the castle and hamlet of Jettenhofen came to the Grand Duke Ferdinand III in 1802 . of Tuscany . In 1804 he sold the castle and the associated land. In the following years the owners changed several times.

description

It is an "approximately egg-shaped facility" that was surrounded by a deep and wide moat with a drawbridge at a gatehouse and a wall ring. The moat is drained today. The bering is only partially present; one of the two towers of the Bering has been partially preserved; around 1800 it served as a sheepfold. The two-story residential building was built from 1562 onwards. The adjacent three-story building with high gables and a gable roof was a grain box. The gate tower on the other side of the trench has completely disappeared.

In 1801, Bundschuh reports that the moat is "deep, surrounded by a wall all around, and very swampy because of the well springs inside."

Already towards the end of the Old Empire , around 1799, nothing left of the former castle chapel of unknown construction time . It formed a "Rundell" "in an Erckher on the ditch out" and was equipped with an "altar".

The former palace complex is considered a monument.

See also list of architectural monuments in Freystadt # Jettenhofen

literature

  • Franz Xaver Buchner : The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I: Eichstätt 1937, Volume II: Eichstätt 1938
  • Bernhard Heinloth (editor): Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part Old Bavaria, Issue 16: Neumarkt , Munich 1967
  • Gerhard Hirschmann: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part of Franconia. Row I, Issue 6. Eichstätt. Beilngries-Eichstätt-Greding. Munich 1959
  • Felix Mader : History of the southern Seglau. (Former Eichstättisches Amt Jettenhofen) (Parish Burggriesbach) . In: Collective sheet of the Historisches Verein Eichstätt 53 (1937), in particular pp. 85-101
  • Johann Kaspar Bundschuh: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia , III. Vol., Ulm 1801, columns 7-10
  • Friedrich Hermann Hofmann and Felix Mader (arrangement): The art monuments of Upper Palatinate & Regensburg. XII District Office Beilngries, I. District Court Beilngries , Munich 1908

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bundschuh III, column 9
  2. ↑ Mader, p. 85 f.
  3. ↑ Mader, p. 88 f.
  4. ↑ Buchner I, p. 334; Mader, pp. 90-94; Memorable and useful Rheinischer Antiquarius ..., 2nd section, 13th volume, Koblenz 1865, p. 531
  5. ↑ Pastoral Journal of the Diocese of Eichstätt, No. 42, October 21, 1865, p. 199
  6. ↑ Hirschmann, pp. 31, 115 f .; Buchner I, p. 123; Mader, pp. 6, 91 f .; Heinloth, p. 250; Hirschmann / Mader, p. 97
  7. ↑ Mader, pp. 96, 101
  8. ↑ Bundschuh III, Col. 9 f.
  9. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 37 f .; Heinloth, p. 239
  10. ↑ Hirschmann / Mader, p. 97 f .; Bundschuh III, Sp. 9
  11. ↑ Bundschuh III, column 7
  12. ↑ Mader, p. 101
  13. ↑ Pastoral Journal of the Diocese of Eichstätt, No. 47, November 22, 1862, p. 198

Coordinates: 49 ° 7 ′ 32.5 ″  N , 11 ° 20 ′ 59.5 ″  E