Vojska Republike Srpske
|
|||
guide | |||
---|---|---|---|
Commander in Chief : | President of the Republika Srpska, most recently Milan Jelić | ||
Military Commander: | most recently Major General Cvetko Savić | ||
Headquarters: | Banja Luka , Bosnia and Herzegovina | ||
Military strength | |||
Active soldiers: | Last 10,000 | ||
Conscription: | No | ||
Eligibility for military service: | |||
history | |||
Founding: | 1992 | ||
Replacement: | 2006 |
The Army of the Republika Srpska ( Serbian Војска Републике Српске Vojska Republike Srpske , BPC / VRS for short ) comprised the armed forces of the Republika Srpska within Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to 2006 .
One of the “strategic goals” of the VRS during the Bosnian War 1992 to 1995 was the separation of the “national communities” in Bosnia-Herzegovina by creating separate “national territories” with ethnically “unmixed” communities. For this purpose, it used war crimes and ethnic cleansing of the Bosniak and Croatian civilian populations as military tactics (e.g. Srebrenica massacre , Tuzla massacre ).
history
The VRS was founded in 1992 from parts of the Yugoslav People's Army and irregular units stationed in Bosnia with the support of Slobodan Milošević by Radovan Karadžić to defend Serbian interests in Bosnia and Herzegovina and led by Ratko Mladić . In the Corridor '92 military operation , the VRS succeeded in creating a connection between the Serb-controlled areas in the west and east of Bosnia.
By November 1992, the VRS conquered almost 70% of the Bosnian territory. From 1993 the army conducted several operations in the Igman and Bjelašnica areas .
In 1994 Goražde and Bihać were attacked several times and one conquest failed.
During the Bosnian War the VRS had up to 85,000 troops. The majority of the officers and soldiers were Bosnian Serbs, while Serb paramilitary groups and foreign (including Russian and Greek) volunteers on the side of the VRS also took part in the war. Only a few Bosniaks and Croats fought in the VRS, such as Major Ismet Đuherić and his company "Meša Selimović" in the north of the country around Teslić and Derventa .
The VRS is charged with numerous war crimes, including the 1995 Srebrenica massacre .
After the war, the VRS was headed by Major General Cvetko Savić . At last it was divided into four corps with a total of about 10,000 men.
In 2006 the VRS and the (Bosniak-Croatian) army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina were disbanded and transferred to a joint army . The tradition of the VRS is continued by the 3rd Infantry Regiment of the OSBiH. The regimental badge on the uniforms contains a Serbian flag.
The military reform that began at the end of 2005 was largely completed in December 2007.
Foreign volunteers
In total, around 4,000 foreign fighters of the Orthodox faith fought alongside their Serbian fellow believers in the Bosnian War. The Greek Volunteer Guard was active from 1992 to 1995 and was on site with the 5th Drina Corps of the VRS before and during the Srebrenica massacre . During the siege of Sarajevo in 1992 Romanian and Ukrainian volunteers and from 1993 to 1994 also Russian volunteers fought under the command of Alexander Shkrabov . About 700 Russians alone fought for the Bosnian Serb army, so that two army units were formed. The most effective military unit were the Tsarist Wolves under the command of Alexander Mukharev , with a company of Cossacks under Alexander Zagrebov . Another Russian unit was founded in September 1992 at Višegrad by Valery Vlasenko and also one by Alexander Alexandrov .
organization
Land Forces
Organization during the war (1993)
- 1st Krajina Corps - Banja Luka
- 16th Motorized Brigade
- 27th Motorized Brigade
- 43rd Motorized Brigade
- 41st Infantry Division
- 7th Infantry Brigade
- 145th Motorized Brigade
- 149th Infantry Brigade
- 417th Artillery Regiment
- 5th Air Defense Regiment
- 552nd technical regiment
- 2nd Krajina Corps - Drvar
- 4th armed brigade
- 12th Motorized Brigade
- 140th Motorized Brigade
- 257th Motorized Brigade
- 10th Air Defense Regiment
- 3rd North Bosnian Corps - Bijeljina
- 2nd motorized brigade
- 195th Motorized Brigade
- 6th Infantry Brigade
- 11th Infantry Brigade
- 29th Infantry Brigade
- 454th Artillery Regiment
- 17th Air Defense Regiment
- 17th technical regiment
- 4th East Bosnian Corps (Sarajevo-Romanija Corps) - Han Pijesak
- 5th Motorized Brigade
- 6th Motorized Brigade
- 10th Motorized Brigade
- 49th Motorized Brigade
- 145th Motorized Brigade
- 437th Motorized Brigade
- 19th Mountain Brigade
- 215th Mountain Brigade
- 208th Artillery Regiment
- 4th Air Defense Regiment
- 5th Herzegovina Corps - Bileća
- 473rd Motorized Brigade
- 145th Motorized Brigade
- 13th Motorized Brigade
- 8th Motorized Brigade
- 5th Mountain Brigade
Air Force
- Banja Luka
- 92nd mabr ( mješovita avijacijska brigada Mixed Air Brigade)
- 238. lbae ( lovačko bombarderska eskadrila “Risovi Vrbasa” - “Vrbas Lynxe” fighter-bomber squadron).
- 252nd lbae ( lovacko bombarderska eskadrila “Kurjaci sa Ušća” - fighter-bomber squadron “ Wolves of the Estuary”).
- 92nd levn ( laka eskadrila višestruke namjene - Light Squadron).
- 89. mhe ( mešovita helikopterska eskadrila - mixed helicopter squadron).
equipment
Land Forces
Equipment around 1995
- vehicles
- Mercedes-Benz G-270 Puch 20 ×
- 100 × TAM-110 4X4
- TAM-130 6X6 90 ×
- TAM-5000 8X8 68 ×
- FAP-2026 6x6 50 ×
- tank
- M-84 main battle tanks 85 ×
- 193 × T-55 main battle tanks
- T-34/85 main battle tanks 40 ×
- PT-76 light tank 1 ×
- 120 × M36 Jackson tank destroyers
- Transport and armored personnel carriers
- BRDM-2 1 ×
- BTR-50 15 ×
- M-80A IFV 60 ×
- M-60P APC 40 ×
- BOV-VP 60 ×
- BTR-80 10 ×
- Tank artillery
- 2S1 self-propelled guns 5 ×
- Rocket launcher
- M-63 "Plamen" ("Пламен") 20 ×
- M-77 "Oganj" ("Огањ") 5 ×
- Guns
A total of 487 guns:
- M-56 Yugoslavia
- D-30 Soviet Union
- M-46 Yugoslavia
- D-20 Soviet Union
- Air defense
- BOV-3/30 8 ×
- ZSU-57-2 (no longer used) 5 ×
- M53 / 59 Praga (no longer used) 110 ×
- approx. 150 × S-75
- approx. 120 × S-125
- approx. 2K12 cubic meters 70 ×
- 20/3 mm M55
Air Force
Aircraft | Country of origin | period of service | Type | variants | Number preserved (1992) | Active (2006) | Remarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fighter bomber | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SOKO J-20 Kraguj | Yugoslavia | 1992-1995 | J-20 | 3 | 0 | Used by paramilitaries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SOKO J-21 Jastreb | Yugoslavia | 1992-2006 | bomber spotter Trainer total |
J-21 IJ-21 NJ-21 |
9 2 3 14th |
4th 2 3 9 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SOKO J-22 Orao | Yugoslavia | 1992-2006 | bomber Trainer total |
J-22 NJ-22 |
12 2 14th |
7th 0 9 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transport aircraft and liaison aircraft | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Antonov An-2 | Poland | 1995? -1996 | Transporter / trainer for paratroopers | An-2TD1 | 1 | 0 | Used by paramilitaries | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PZL Wilga | Poland | 1992-2003 | STOL transport plane | PZL-104 | 1 | 0 | Back to civil use | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Piper PA-18 | United States | 1992-2004 | Light liaison aircraft | PA-18-150 Super Cub | 2 | 0 | Back to civil use | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cessna 182 | United States | 1992-1995 | Light liaison aircraft | 1 | 0 | Back to civil use | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Training aircraft | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soko G-4 Super Galeb | Yugoslavia | 1992-2006 | Armed training aircraft | G-4 / N-62 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Utva 60 | Yugoslavia | 1992-1995 | Training aircraft | V-50 | 1 | 0 | In civil use | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Utva 66 | Yugoslavia | 1992-2004 | Training aircraft | V-51 | 2 | 0 | In civil use | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Utva 75 | Yugoslavia | 1992-2006 | Training aircraft | V-53 | 6th | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Zlin Z-526 | Yugoslavia | 1992-1995 | Training aircraft | Z-526 / N-61 | 1 | 0 | In civil use | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Attack helicopter | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soko Gazelle Gama |
France Yugoslavia |
1992-2006 | Anti-tank helicopter | HN-42M / 45M | 12 | 7th | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transport helicopter | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soko Gazelle |
France Yugoslavia |
1992-2006 | Light transport and reconnaissance helicopter | HO-42/45 | 12 | 7th | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mil Wed-8 | Soviet Union | 1992-2006 | Medium transport helicopter | Wed-8D | 12 | 9 |
Ranks
Generals | Officers | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ranks in Serbian | Генерал-Пуковник General-Pukovnik |
Генерал-Потпуковник General-Potpukovnik |
Генерал-Мајор Major General |
Пуковник Pukovnik |
Потпуковник Potpukovnik |
Мајор Major |
Капетан I класе Kapetan I klase |
Капетан Kapetan |
Поручник Poručnik |
Потпоручник Potporučnik |
Ranks | Colonel General | Lieutenant General | Major general | Colonel | Lieutenant colonel | major | Captain | Captain | lieutenant | Sub-lieutenant |
NCOs | Teams | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ranks in Serbian | Заставник I класе Zastavnik I klase |
Заставник Zastavnik |
Старији Водник I класе Stariji Vodnik I klase |
Старији Водник Stariji Vodnik |
Водник I класе Vodnik I klase |
Водник Vodnik |
Млађи водник Mlađi vodnik |
Десетар Desetar |
Разводник Razvodnik |
Ranks | Warrant Officer First Class | Warrant Officer | Staff Sergeant | Sergeant Major | Sergeant Major | sergeant | Sergeant | Private | soldier |
literature
- Hans Krech : The Civil War in Bosnia-Herzegovina (1992–1997): A manual (= armed conflicts after the end of the East-West conflict . Volume 2 ). Köster, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-89574-250-3 .
- Dr. Nigel Thomas, Krunoslav Mikulan: The Yugoslav Wars (2): Bosnia, Kosovo and Macedonia 1992–2001 . Osprey Publishing Ltd., Oxford 2006, ISBN 978-1-84176-964-6 .
Web links
- Badge of the Army of the Republika Srpska (English), (Serbian)
- Ministry of Defense (of the entire state)
- Description of the Army of the Republika Srpska on the ICTY side
Individual evidence
- ↑ Prijevremene penzije za pripadnike VRS, ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Report of the State Television of the Republika Srpska of December 13, 2007.
- ↑ Andrea Böhm: Our unwanted colonies, article of the time of August 2, 2007.
- ^ Gerard Toal , Carl T. Dahlman: Bosnia Remade: Ethnic Cleansing and its Reversal . Oxford University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-19-020790-8 , pp. 5 .
- ↑ Central Intelligence Agency (ed.): Balkan Battlegrounds: A Military History of the Yugoslav Conflict, 1990-1995 . tape II . Washington DC 2003, p. 303 ff . (Annex 27: Ethnic Cleansing as a Military Operation).
- ^ Charges against Slobodan Milošević before the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia
- ↑ A Soldier's Guide to Bosnia-Herzegovina, ( Memento of the original from February 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Headquarters, US Army Europe.
- ↑ Vlado Mrkić: Četa poštenih agresora (Company of Honest Aggressors), article in BH Dani magazine of March 3, 2000, translated by ex-yupress.com.
- ^ Peter Fitzgerald: The armed forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina . In: SFOR Informer No. 127, November 28, 2001.
- ↑ Law on Defense of October 5, 2005
- ↑ Speech of the chairman ( memento of the original from July 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Nebojša Radmanović on May 11, 2007.
- ^ State television report from February 8, 2006.
- ↑ Aleksandar Sekulić: Istorijski čin, ( Memento of the original from November 25, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Article in the newspaper Nezavisne novine of September 1, 2005.
- ↑ Press release of the Ministry of Defense ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated December 1, 2007.
- ↑ Dr. Nigel Thomas, Krunoslav Mikulan: The Yugoslav Wars . tape 2 : Bosnia, Kosovo and Macedonia (1992-2001). Osprey Publishing Ltd., Oxford 2006, ISBN 978-1-84176-964-6 , pp. 13 .
- ↑ Description at vojska.net
- ↑ Formed from the 237th lbae and 238th lbae of the Yugoslav People's Army from Slovenia .
- ↑ World Military Aircraft Inventory, Aerospace Source Book 2007, Aviation Week & Space Technology, January 15, 2007