Wernitzgrün
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Wernitzgrün
City of Markneukirchen
Coordinates: 50 ° 17 ′ 25 ″ N , 12 ° 22 ′ 0 ″ E
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| Height : | 615 m | |
| Residents : | 330 | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1999 | |
| Incorporated into: | Erlbach | |
| Postal code : | 08258 | |
| Area code : | 037422 | |
Location of Wernitzgrün in Saxony |
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Wernitzgrün is a district of the town of Markneukirchen in the Vogtlandkreis (Free State of Saxony ) and a state-recognized health resort ( climatic health resort ). The incorporation to Erlbach took place on January 1, 1999, and with this community Wernitzgrün came to the city of Markneukirchen on January 1, 2014.
geography
location
The highest district (up to 700 meters) of the music town of Markneukirchen in the Upper Vogtland Musikwinkel , surrounded by forests, borders the state border with the Czech Republic in the southeast . In the village there is a road border crossing to Luby (Schönbach) in the Czech Republic, which has been open to car traffic again since 2008 . Nearby are the seaside resorts of Bad Elster , Bad Brambach , Franzensbad , Marienbad and Karlsbad in the Saxon-Bohemian “bathing pentagon”. According to the classification of the GDR Research Institute for Bioclimatology from 1978, the climate of Wernitzgrün is "particularly suitable for the stay of cardiovascular patients". Wernitzgrün is located in the Elster Mountains and is part of the Erzgebirge / Vogtland Nature Park .
Neighboring places
| Markneukirchen | Rushing | Eubabrunn |
| Schönlind |
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| Rural desert | Horní Luby (Upper Schönbach) |
history
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The village of Wernitzgrün was first mentioned in a document in 1378 as "Wernesgrune" after the first establishment of Bohemian emigrants is said to have existed as early as 1185. Around 1350 the place was desolate according to the place name book of Saxony. It was not until the 18th century that the Erlbach manor had an outbuilding and houses built here for Erlbacher Fröner. Wernitzgrün belonged to the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Voigtsberg until 1856 , to the Markneukirchen court office after 1856 and to the Oelsnitz administration from 1875 .
Around 1800 Wernitzgrün was the border town through which the Weimar poet prince Johann Wolfgang von Goethe undertook several of his trips to the Bohemian baths Karlsbad, Franzensbad and Marienbad (" Marienbader Elegy ").
In the time of National Socialism , Wernitzgrün was the destination of the political holiday organization “ Kraft durch Freude ” with two inns and private quarters, and at times a “ summer retreat ” for prominent filmmakers around the director Veit Harlan (1901–1964), who worked with his Danish wife and film actress Kristina Söderbaum (1912–2001) had prepared an old homestead on the so-called Pascherberg for it. Harlan, who shot the anti-Semitic Nazi propaganda film Jud Süss , spent holidays in Wernitzgrün with numerous actors who were popular at the time, such as Heinrich George and Paul Klinger . Harlan's brother Peter (1898–1966) ran his instrument making workshop in neighboring Markneukirchen around this time .
On October 3, 1938, Adolf Hitler returned to Germany with some propaganda effort after the annexation of the Sudetenland as a result of the Munich Agreement via the Wernitzgrün border crossing. At the end of the Second World War, the staff department of the so-called “Kampfgruppe Mangold” of the Wehrmacht quartered in the “Gasthof zur Linde” in order to undertake scouting operations against the advancing occupation forces of the US Army in the Eger area. The Americans occupied Wernitzgrün on May 8, 1945 from the direction of the desert .
The spacious buildings at the border crossing with the customs office and four two-family houses, which were only newly built between 1935 and 1937, were redesigned in the GDR period from 1966 onwards to become the "Recreational Facility of the Central Committee of the SED ". A permanent watch from the State Security ensured that the ministers, including the head of the State Security, Erich Mielke , high party officials and foreign guests, stayed to themselves in the fenced, strictly shielded forest area. Villagers only had access as labor.
As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , the municipality of Wernitzgrün became part of the Klingenthal district in the Chemnitz district (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ), which was continued as the Saxon district of Klingenthal in 1990 and became part of the Vogtland district in 1996.
On January 1, 1999, Wernitzgrün was incorporated into Erlbach . When Erlbach merged with the city of Markneukirchen in 2014, Wernitzgrün became a district of the city of music. Today the place has about 330 inhabitants. There is a football club, a volunteer fire brigade, a shooting club and a shawm band. Before the First World War, Wernitzgrün was the main location for the production of pegs for string instruments with over 20 turneries. The then Chancellor Gerhard Schröder visited the master workshop for making clarinets by Rolf Meinel ( German Musical Instrument Prize 1992 and 2000) on his first trip through the new federal states.
Development of the population
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Sons and daughters of the place
- Helmar Meinel (* 1928), author
literature
- Local history and history association Erlbach with the participation of Ute Schindler, Heide-Marie Luther, Lore Dittmann, Helga Voigtmann and Helmuth Eßbach: Local history of Wernitzgrün. Vogtland-Druck Markneukirchen 2003
- Helmar Meinel: The day the Führer came. Anthology In Our Age - Life Stories. Rowohlt Verlag Reinbek 1992, ISBN 3-499-13093-9 and “It began with the three-liter Adolf”, BoD-Verlag Norderstedt 2007, ISBN 978-3-8370-0476-2 .
Web links
- Wernitzgrün in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther (Ed.): Historical book of place names of Saxony , edited by Ernst Eichler, Volkmar Hellfritzsch, Hans Walther and Erika Weber, 3 volumes, de Gruyter-Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-05-003728-8 , Volume I: A – L, p. 558 ( Link to the digitized version , accessed on March 18, 2019)
- ↑ The Vorwerk Wernitzgrün at www.sachsens-schloesser.de
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 74 f.
- ↑ The Oelsnitz District Administration in the municipal directory 1900
- ↑ Wernitzgrün on gov.genealogy.net
- ↑ See Wernitzgrün in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Amber green | Breitenfeld | Erlbach | Eubabrunn | Friebus | Gopplas green | Rushing | Cone | State municipality | Rural desert | Markneukirchen | Neustadt | Schönlind | Siebenbrunn | Sträßel | Wernitzgrün | Wohlhausen