Vítkov
| Vítkov | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Moravskoslezský kraj | ||||
| District : | Opava | ||||
| Area : | 5505 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 46 ' N , 17 ° 45' E | ||||
| Height: | 480 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 5,725 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 747 43, 749 01 | ||||
| License plate : | T | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Horní Benešov - Odry | ||||
| Railway connection: | Suchdol nad Odrou – Budišov nad Budišovkou | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 8th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavel Smolka (as of 2019) | ||||
| Address: | náměstí Jana Zajíce 7 749 01 Vítkov |
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| Municipality number: | 511021 | ||||
| Website : | www.vitkov.info | ||||
Vítkov ( German Wigstadtl ) is a town in the Okres Opava in the Czech Republic .
Geography and geology
The city is located north of the Oder Mountains and northwest of the Kuhländchen in the Vítkovská vrchovina ( Wigstadtler Mountains ) in Moravian Silesia in the valley of the Čermná ( Czerwenka ).
Neighboring towns are Prostřední Dvůr ( Mittelhof ) and Větřkovice in the east, Klokočov ( Groß Glockersdorf ) in the south and Čermná in the west. The valley of the Mohra runs north , there are the ruins of the Vikštejn castle and the village of Podhradí.
In the vicinity of Nové Těchanovice ( Neu Zechsdorf ) there is an occurrence of a green rock, a lamprophyr .
history
Vítkov was probably founded together with Vikštejn Castle in the middle of the 13th century by Vitek von Kravaře . It was first mentioned in a document in 1301. The city, which at that time already had Leobschützer law, belonged to the Duchy of Opava and was elevated to a ducal mountain town in the second half of the 14th century . After the decline in gold and silver mining, Wigstadtl came to the Odersky and later the Wipplar von Ulschitz, who established the Wigstadtl rule and the baroque palace in Oberdorf, which now serves as a hospital. Wigstadtl had market rights since 1523. Further owners of the estate were Gustav Berthold von Paczinsky , then from 1797 the Troppauer citizens Joseph Pawliczek and Johann Andreas Streng, who sold them to Emanuel von Zawisch in the same year.
In 1834, the Wigstadtel dominion comprised the town of the same name, the villages of Oberdorf, Niederdorf and Tschirm as well as the colonies Mittelhof , Schneckenhof and Scheibenhof with a total of 3604 German-speaking and Catholic people. The submissive town of Wigstadtel or Witkow consisted of 244 well-built houses around a ring and in several streets, in which 1591 people lived. In Wigstadtel there was a parish church, a rectory, a school, a town hall and a civil brewery. The lower houses reached as far as the Czerwenka brook. The main sources of income were the manufacture and trade in linen. Two annual fairs and five weekly markets were held. Wigstadtel was the parish for Oberdorf, Niederdorf, Tschirm, Mittelhof, Schneckenhof and Scheibenhof. Until the mid-19th century was Wigstadtel subdue the minority rule Wigstadtel.
In 1850 Wigstadtl became the seat of a judicial district. In the same year Niederdorf (Dolní Ves) was incorporated. In 1866 the paper and cardboard factory was built in Annathal, later a large quarry on the opposite Mohraufer. From 1869 Wigstadtl belonged to the Troppau district. When the local line Zauchtel-Bautsch went into operation in 1891, Wigstadtl received a railway connection. In 1920 Wigstadtl Oberdorf (Vítkov Horní Ves) was incorporated with the settlements Scheibenhof (Nýtek), Mittelhof (Prostřední Dvůr), Schneckenhof (Veselka)
According to the 1910 census, 3,570 people lived in Wigstadtl, 3,547 of whom had their main residence here. 3,544 (99.9%) of them stated German as their mother tongue. Almost all residents were Roman Catholic, namely 3,513 (98.4%). In 1930 there were 4,818 people living in the city.
After the Munich Agreement , the place was assigned to the German Reich and until 1945 belonged to the district of Troppau , administrative district of Troppau , in the Reichsgau Sudetenland . In 1945 most of the German-speaking residents were expelled to Germany .
In 1957 Podhradí, which was called Dolní Víkštejn until 1952, became part of Vítkov. In 1975 Lhotka, Nové Těchanovice and Čermná were added to the city. In 1979 Větřkovice was incorporated (with Jelenice and Nové Vrbno ). Since 1992 Větřkovice and Čermná are again independent municipalities. As part of the downsizing of the Libavá military training area , the Hadinka cadastral district was spun off to Vítkov on January 1, 2016 and added to the Klokočov u Vítkova cadastral district.
Demographics
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1857 | 2,556 | |
| 1900 | 3,576 | German residents, with Wigstadtl-Oberdorf 5,438 German residents |
| 1930 | 4,818 | |
| 1939 | 4,490 |
Attractions
- The parish church of the Assumption of Mary was built between 1913 and 1918 in neo-Gothic style on the site of a previous building from the 16th century. The building, visible from afar, has a 62 m high tower.
- The ruins of Vikštejn Castle from the 13th century.
Community structure
Vítkov consists of the local Jelenice ( Hirschdorf ) Klokočov ( United Glockersdorf ) Lhotka ( Nitschenau ), Nove Těchanovice ( New Zechsdorf ) Podhradí ( Niederwigstein ) Prostřední Dvůr ( Mittelhof ), Vítkov ( Wigstadtl ) and Zálužné ( Mohr Adorf ). Basic development units are Annino údolí ( Annathal ) Březí ( birch Huts ), Horni Ves ( Oberdorf ) Jelenice, Klokočov, Lhotka, Na Kamence Nove Těchanovice, Odersko, Podhradí, Prostřední Dvůr, U hřbitova, U rybníka, Vítkov-sever and Zálužné. In addition, the hamlets Františkův Dvůr ( Franzenshof ), Hadinka ( Ottermühle ), Nýtek ( Scheibenhof ) and Veselka ( Schneckenhof ) are located on the communal corridors .
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Jelenice, Klokočov u Vítkova, Lhotka u Vítkova, Nové Těchanovice and Vítkov.
Town twinning
sons and daughters of the town
- Ferdinand Hanusch (1866–1923), social democrat, founder of the Chamber of Labor and influential co-creator of Austrian social policy
- Emma Grüner (1877–1953), writer
- Ildefons Pauler (1903–1996), Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
- Franz W. Seidler (* 1933), historian and author
- Jan Zajíc (1950–1969), student, burned himself to death on Prague's Wenceslas Square in protest against the Soviet invasion
- Jakub Dohnálek (* 1988), football player
literature
- Elmar Seidl: The Troppauer Land between the five southern borders of Silesia . Hess Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-87336-215-5 .
Web links
- http://www.vitkov.info/ (Czech).
- Vikštejn Castle on hrady.cz (Czech).
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/511021/Vitkov
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Faustin Ens : The Oppaland or the Opava district, according to its historical, natural history, civic and local peculiarities. Volume 3: Description of the Oppaland and its inhabitants in general . Vienna 1836, pp. 299–303
- ↑ Ludwig Patryn: The results of the census of December 31, 1910 in Silesia, Opava 1912.
- ^ Carl Kořistka : The Margraviate of Moravia and the Duchy of Silesia in their geographical relationships . Vienna and Olmüz 1861, pp. 268–269 .
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 20, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 622.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Opava (Czech Opava). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/511021/Obec-Vitkov
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/511021/Obec-Vitkov
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/511021/Obec-Vitkov