Wiguläus von Kreittmayr

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Wiguläus von Kreittmayr
(oil painting owned by the Bavarian Academy of Sciences ), photo: BAdW
Wiguläus von Kreittmayr
(copper engraving in the possession of the State Graphic Collections)
Image of the monument to Wiguläus von Kreittmayr on the reverse of a Bavarian 2 Thaler coin from 1845
Wiguläus von Kreittmayr (monument in front of Offenstetten Castle, Kelheim district; sculptor: Alexander Fischer ).
Memorial plaque for Kreittmayr at the house at Burgstrasse 6 in Munich, the house in which he died. The house is not far from Marienplatz

Wiguläus Xaverius Aloysius Kreittmayr , from 1741 knight and noble lord von Kreittmayr and from 1745 baron von Kreittmayr (born December 14, 1705 in Munich ; † October 27, 1790 ibid) was a Bavarian legal scholar , electoral Bavarian real secret state chancellor , conference minister and supreme feudal provost .

family

He came from an old councilor family from Friedberg ( Bavaria ) near Augsburg , which was first mentioned around 1450, and was the son of the Bavarian court councilor Franz Xaver Wiguläus Kreittmayr and Maria Barbara Degen (or Däg ), who in turn was a daughter of the Munich landlord Franz Dägn was.

Kreittmayr married Sophie von Heppenstein's first marriage in 1745 ; but she and both sons died early. In his second marriage in 1750 he married Maria Romana von Frönau , widowed von Nocker , from Offenstetten in Lower Bavaria , with whom he had two sons and a daughter.

Life

Kreittmayr was described as extremely hardworking and of a calm, open and straightforward character. In his youth he attended the Jesuit grammar school in Munich (today Wilhelmsgymnasium Munich ) and there, in addition to French and Italian, learned Latin so well " that even in old age he could recite long passages from the works of Horace , Virgil and Ovid by heart ". He later studied Philosophy at the University of Salzburg , law in Ingolstadt , history in Leyden and Utrecht and has worked at the Imperial Court of Justice in Wetzlar .

The Councilor was the highest state office at the time, and the 20-year-old Kreittmayr was appointed to this position by the Bavarian Elector Max Emanuel : “ The beginning of a brilliant career ”. On May 15, 1741, he was as Reichsvikariats- Hofgerichtsassessor in Augsburg by the kingdom vicars and Elector Karl Albrecht of Bavaria and Karl Philipp of the Palatinate in the knighthood of the Holy Roman Empire collected and 1,742 real Reichshofrat appointed. On July 6, 1745 he was by Elector Maximilian III. Joseph raised to the rank of baron as imperial vicar and appointed Bavarian court councilor-chancellor and privy councilor . In 1749 he became secret council vice-chancellor and conference minister and finally in 1758, as the successor to Franz Xaver Andreas von Praidlohn, he became a real secret state chancellor and supreme fiefdom provost. As the “ spiritus rector of justice in Bavaria ”, Kreittmayr strongly supported the government policy of Elector Maximilian III. Joseph and contributed from his position to the consolidation of the Bavarian state. In 1759 he was made an honorary member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .

After Kreittmayr's death in 1790, like others before, the department of the Secret Council Chancellor fell to a Palatinate official, Baron Johann Friedrich von Hertling , the father of Friedrich Wilhelm von Hertling .

Kreittmayr's bust was displayed in the Hall of Fame in Munich. On the other hand, his memorial on Munich's Maximiliansplatz (where the Schiller memorial is today ) was not rebuilt after the Second World War . There had been resistance in the Munich city council, as it was accused of adopting torture and the death penalty uncritically in its legal code.

Works

Under the government of Elector Maximilian III. Joseph von Bayern published the Codex Maximilianeus Bavaricus Criminalis in 1751, the commentary on it in 1752; the Codex Judiciarii in 1753, 1754 the notes on it. In 1756 the most extensive part, the Codex Maximilianeus Bavaricus Civilis (CMBC), came into force (with four parts and over 800 paragraphs); In the course of the following years up to 1768 the five-volume annotations appeared. These three codes of law were “ a self-contained work ” and for several decades formed the “ basis of the Bavarian legal system ”. “ Despite the ancient (and repugnant criminal law) features, this legislation is a worthy prelude to the great codifications to come ” 1785 also appeared a change order.

These laws, comments and remarks were the work of one man, Vice Chancellor (since 1749) Wiguläus Xaverius Aloysius Freiherr von Kreittmayr. " Kreittmayr's task and work was to write down the completely confusing law of his time in Bavaria in usable forms - a task that only someone like him with extensive knowledge, extensive reading and unusual diligence could dare to undertake" Kreittmayr mastered the task assigned to him in 1750 Kreittmayr's legal works also achieved “ masterly ” (Eberle, ibid.) And “ in an astonishingly short time ” fame as “ entertaining legal reading ” because of their “ grainy, sometimes even crude ” humor and their concise style, which at the time was artless and was called crude.

literature

Web links

Commons : Wiguläus von Kreittmayr  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Max Leitschuh: The matriculations of the upper classes of the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich , 4 vol., Munich 1970–1976; Vol. 2, p. 210.
  2. ↑ a b c Eberle, p. 12.
  3. ↑ Kleinheyer and Schröder, p. 153.
  4. ↑ Ebel, Rn. 480
  5. ↑ Member entry of Wiguläus Alois Freiherr von Kreittmayr (with picture) at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on January 6, 2017.
  6. ↑ Kobler, p. 337.
  7. ↑ Kleinheyer and Schröder, p. 154.
  8. ^ Wieacker, p. 327.
  9. ↑ Eberle, pp. 15-17.
  10. ↑ Pöpperl, p. 2.
  11. ↑ Glöckle, p. 127.
  12. ↑ Kleinheyer and Schröder, p. 155.
  13. ↑ Eberle, p. 20.
personal data
SURNAME Kreittmayr, Wiguläus from
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kreittmayr, Wiguläus Freiherr von; Kreittmayr, Wiguläus Xaverius Aloysius (name until 1741); Kreittmayr, Wiguläus Xaverius Aloysius Ritter and Edler Herr von (name from 1741 to 1745); Kreittmayr, Wiguläus Xaverius Aloysius Freiherr von (name from 1745)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German legal scholar, electoral Bavarian real secret state chancellor
DATE OF BIRTH December 14, 1705
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH October 27, 1790
Place of death Munich