Wild Gutach
| Wild Gutach | ||
 The Wilde Gutach as it exits the narrow valleys of Wildgutach into the wider Simonswälder Valley (front) |
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 2338412, DE : 23384 | |
| location |
Black Forest
|
|
| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Elz → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source |
Confluence Heubach / Glass Erbach : near the yard Dreistegen of the district Neukirch of Furtwangen |
|
| Source height |
Zsfls. Heubach / Glaserbach :
|
|
| muzzle | At Gutach im Breisgau from the left into the middle Elz coordinates: 48 ° 7 '14 " N , 7 ° 59' 23" E 48 ° 7 '14 " N , 7 ° 59' 23" E |
|
| Mouth height | 284 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | 781 m | |
| Bottom slope | 27 ‰ | |
| length | 28.9 km with Heubach
|
|
| Catchment area | 128.961 km² | |
| Discharge at the Simonswald A Eo gauge : 126 km² Location: 3.8 km above the mouth |
NNQ (04.09.2003) MNQ 1990/2009 MQ 1990/2009 Mq 1990/2009 MHQ 1990/2009 HHQ (22.12.1991) |
566 l / s 981 l / s 4.41 m³ / s 35 l / (s km²) 55.6 m³ / s 95.7 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Glaserbach, Zweribach, Ettersbach | |
| Right tributaries | Bregenbach, Teichbach, Kilpenbach, Nonnenbach, Griesbach, Haslachsimonswälder Bach | |
| Small towns | Furtwangen , St. Märgen , Gütenbach , Simonswald and Gutach im Breisgau | |
| Residents in the catchment area | about 6600 | |
The Wilde Gutach is a left tributary of the Elz in the Middle Black Forest in Gutach im Breisgau in the Emmendingen district of Baden-Württemberg .
Geography and geology
The Wilde Gutach is created by the confluence of the Heubach and Glaserbach near the Hexenlochmühle at Dreistegen. The longer, larger and richer catchment area on the right, Heubach, rises south of Furtwangen - Neukirch on the eastern slope of 1141 m above sea level. NHN high Steinberg . Heubach and Wilde Gutach flow in a generally north-westerly direction, initially in the tightly winding valley gorge of Wildgutach , then in a stretched course through the Simonswald valley with several village centers ( Simonswälder valley ). The Wilde Gutach flows from the left near Gutach im Breisgau into the Elz, which is almost a third smaller here . In the meantime, the term Simonswälder Tal is used for the valley of the Wild Gutach as a whole.
The Simonswälder Tal is traditionally assigned to the Middle Black Forest , but it bears so clear features of the Upper Black Forest that the natural spatial structure now takes it into account.
Typical of the landscape is the pronounced contrast between the so-called Danubian (once flush with the Danube) relief with plateaus and trough-shaped, grassland-rich high valleys on the one hand and the Rhenan (flush with the Rhine) relief on the other. The here sharp-edged valley landscape with gorges, rock ridges and waterfalls exceeds the familiar dimensions of German low mountain ranges with its steep slopes, some more than 700 m above the valley floor .
Like the Höllental , the Simonswälder Tal is tectonically conditioned by the narrow and deep, trench-like depression of the Wildgutach-Graben , and here too the drainage direction of the upper valley is opposite to the general south-east slope in this part of the Black Forest. The valley begins with soft trough shapes that merge into the ever deeper notches of Wildgutach, suddenly acquires a wider, initially U-shaped profile at Obersimonswald and finally reaches between Kandel ( 1241 m above sea level ) and Obereck ( 1178 m above sea level). NHN ), about 7 km before it flows into the Elz Valley, a depth of over 800 m. Beyond the straight Elz valley caused by the fault, there is only a much lower mountainous area with height differences of 300 m.
With the exception of the isolated red sandstone remnants of the Steinberg near the source, the valley of the Wilden Gutach is characterized by gneisses in various stages of recrystallization and granite porphyries . Acid brown soils have formed on it, and often only tendrils on steep, rocky slopes .
vegetation
The vegetation pattern shows mountain forests with a species composition that corresponds to locations from the colline to the high-montane altitude . Near-natural spruce, fir and beech mixed forests have been preserved in greater proportions than usual in the Black Forest because of the many steep slopes that are difficult to manage. Pure spruce stands dominate the undulating plateaus, but in the long term they will be transformed into more natural species compositions. The valley of the Wilden Gutach has various extreme locations. Therefore, large parts are under nature protection. The Zweribach protected forest area is one of the oldest natural forest reserves in Germany.
Sights and buildings
- Hexenlochmühle with two overshot water wheels in the canyon-like Hexenloch
- Balzer Herrgott , a stone statue of Christ that has almost grown into a tree
- Pond gorge below Gütenbach
- Hirschbach falls and Zweribach waterfalls in the rugged Zweribach-Kar (Bannwald and NSG)
- Reservoir Balaton in the plateau valley of the Zweribach
- Zweribachwerk , power plant above Simonswald
- Brend Summit
- Kandel Summit
- Schultiskopf and Spitzer Stein (rock ridges)
- Kostgfällschlucht with waterfalls and the Gfällfelsen (climbing area, NSG)
- Chapel on the Hörnleberg
Economy and Transport
Wood has always been primarily produced and processed along the Wilden Gutach. Typical Black Forest highland agriculture was limited to the few plateaus. The mining operations contributed significantly to the large consumption of wood. An ironworks was operated in Simonswald from 1550 to 1682, in which, in addition to ores from the Griesbachtal, ores from the Suggental, west of the Kandel, were smelted.
One of the more frequented routes across the Black Forest ran through the Simonswald Valley, which also enabled haulage companies, emergency services and accommodation to make a living. The old Kilpensteige led through the gorge-like Kilpach valley over the Alte Eck saddle to Villingen . The new road dared by Robert Gerwig runs a little south over Gütenbach and the Neueck . In Gütenbach developed watch and toy manufacturing and mechanical engineering. Simonswald is strongly tourist-oriented and is increasingly interesting as a place to live on the edge of the Freiburg im Breisgau conurbation .
See also: Simonswälder Tal
literature
- Ekkehard Liehl: The High Black Forest . In: Hiking books of the Black Forest Association . tape 4 . Rombach, Freiburg im Breisgau 1980, ISBN 3-7930-0250-0 .
- Ekkehard Liehl: Surface forms and landscape history . In: District of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald (Hrsg.): Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald: Land from the Rhine over the Black Forest to Baar . Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1980, ISBN 3-89155-049-9 , p. 36-52 .
- Fr. Hädrich, et al .: Soil development and soil types . In: District of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald (Hrsg.): Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald: Land from the Rhine over the Black Forest to Baar . Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1980, ISBN 3-89155-049-9 , p. 53-71 .
- Bernhard Mohr: Industry in the Black Forest . In: Ekkehard Liehl, Wolf Dieter Sick (ed.): The Black Forest. Contributions to cultural studies . Konkordia-GmbH for printing and publishing, Bühl (Baden) 1989, ISBN 3-7826-0047-9 , p. 427-457 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )
- ^ German Hydrological Yearbook Rhine Region, Part I 2009 State Institute for Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg, p. 82, accessed on January 22, 2016 (PDF, German, 1.85 MB).
- ↑ A. Haasis-Berner: I love gold and silver very much… . The history of mining around the Kandel (Elz, Glotter, Simonswälder, and Brettenbachtal). - Waldkirch Heimatbrief 169. Waldkirch im Breisgau, 1998
