Wilkasy (Giżycko)

Wilkasy
	Wilkasy
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Giżycko
Gmina :	Giżycko
Geographic location :	54 ° 1 '  N , 21 ° 44'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 0 '44 "  N , 21 ° 44' 7"  E
Residents :	1540 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	11-500
Telephone code :	(+48) 87
License plate :	NGI
Economy and Transport
Street :	DK 59 : Giżycko ↔ Ryn - Mrągowo - Rozogi
	Ext. 643 : Olszewo - Szymonka → Wilkasy
	Wronka → Wilkasy
Rail route :	Railway Głomno – Białystok Railway station: Niegocin
Next international airport :	Danzig

Wilkasy ( German  Willkassen , 1938 to 1945 Wolfsee (village) ) is a village in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and belongs to the Gmina Giżycko ( rural community Lötzen ) in the powiat Giżycki (district Lötzen ).

Settlement houses in Wilkasy (Willkassen / Wolfsee)

Geographical location

Wilkasy is located on the northwest shore of Lake Löwentin ( Jezioro Niegocin in Polish ) and on the Great and Small Wolf Lake (Jez. Wilkasy Duże and Wilkasy Małe) in the north-east of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . The district town of Giżycko (Lötzen) is four kilometers to the northeast.

history

The large village formerly called Willkassen , which was called Wilkaschen after 1785 and Wilkassen after 1871 , was founded in 1493. On May 8th of that year, Melchior Köchler von Schwansdorf issued the residents of Wissowatten with a new certificate for 34 hooves in place of the burned ones. In 1785 Wilkaschen was called a farming village with 29 fire places , in 1818 with 22 fire places and 150 souls.

On March 29, 1874, Willkassen became an official village and thus gave its name to an administrative district . The administrative district - renamed "Amt District Wolfsee" on November 15, 1938 - existed until 1945 and belonged to the district of Lötzen in the administrative district of Gumbinnen (1905 to 1945: administrative district of Allenstein ) in the Prussian province of East Prussia .

A total of 691 residents were registered in 1910 in Willkassen with its villages, Bahnhof Boyen ( Polish : Niegocin ), Gut Wolfsee (Wilkaski) and - from 1928 - Strzelzen (1938 to 1945 Zweischützen, Polish: Strzelce). Their number rose to 859 by 1933 and in 1939 was already 1,168.

On the basis of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Willkassen belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether it would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Willkassen, 460 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not receive any votes.

For political and ideological reasons of the defense against foreign-sounding place names, Wilkassen was renamed "Wolfsee" on June 3 (officially confirmed on July 16) 1938.

In 1945 the village was in consequence of the war with the entire southern East Prussia to Poland and got the Polish form of the name "Wilkasy". Today the village is the seat of a Schulzenamt (Polish sołectwo), which also includes Strzelce (Strzelzen , 1938 to 1945 Zweischützen) , and also a district within the Gmina Giżycko (rural municipality of Lötzen ) in the powiat Giżycki (district of Lötzen ), before 1998 the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Willkassen / Wolfsee district (1874–1945)

The district of Willkassen (from 1938 "District of Wolfsee") existed until 1945. At the beginning four, at the end two communities were incorporated into it:

Surname	Change name from 1938 to 1945	Polish name	Remarks
Solid boyen		Twierdza Boyen	1928 in the township Lötzen included
Little Wronnen	Kleinwarnau	Wronka
Strzelzen	Two shooters	Strzelce	1928 incorporated into Wilkkassen
Willkassen	Wolfsee (village)	Wilkasy

On January 1, 1945, only the communities of Kleinwarnau and Wolfsee belonged to the district.

church

Before 1945, Willkassen or Wolfsee was parish in the Evangelical Parish Church of Lötzen in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Catholic parish church of St. Bruno Lötzen in the Diocese of Warmia .

The ecclesiastical connection to the district town now called Giżycko has remained for Wilkasy.

school

There was a three-class school in Willkassen or Wolfsee. In 1945 120 school children were educated here.

traffic

The Niegocin stop (until 1945: Boyen) on the Głomno – Białystok railway line

Wilkasy is located on the Polish state road DK 59 (formerly German Reichsstraße 140 ), into which the voivodship road DW 643 joins in the town . Coming from the west of Wronka (Klein Wronnen , 1938 to 1945 Kleinwarnau) a secondary road connection ends in Wilkasy.

Since 1868 Wilkasy has been connected to the Głomno – Białystok railway , which was operated between Königsberg (Prussia) ( Kaliningrad in Russian ) and Brest-Litowsk before 1945 . The railway station, known today as “ Niegocin ” and “Boyen” until 1945, was located before 1945 in the municipality of Willkassen / Wolfsee on the northern edge of the local area of ​​Wilkasy.

Web links

Commons : Wilkasy  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1456
3. ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Wolfsee, Dorf
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Willkassen (Landkreis Lötzen)
5. ↑ ^{a b} Rolf Jehke, District Willkassen / Wolfsee
6. ↑ Uli Schubert, community directory, Lötzen district
7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Lötzen (Polish Gizycko). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
8. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 82
9. ^ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3 Documents , Göttingen, 1968, p. 492