Zeitz: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 51°2′52″N 12°8′18″E / 51.04778°N 12.13833°E / 51.04778; 12.13833
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{{short description|Town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany}}
{{for|the surname|Zeitz (surname)}}
{{for|the surname|Zeitz (surname)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}
{{Infobox German location
{{Expand German|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox German place
|type = Stadt
|type = Stadt
|image_photo = Zeitz Schloss1.jpg
|image_photo = Zeitz Schloss1.jpg
|image_caption = [[Schloss Moritzburg (Zeitz)]]
|image_caption = [[Schloss Moritzburg (Zeitz)|Schloss Moritzburg]]
|image_coa = Wappen Zeitz.png
|image_coa = Wappen Zeitz.png
|coordinates = {{coord|51|2|52|N|12|8|18|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates = {{coord|51|2|52|N|12|8|18|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|image_plan = Zeitz in BLK.svg
|image_plan = Zeitz in BLK.svg
|state = Sachsen-Anhalt
|state = Sachsen-Anhalt
|district = Burgenlandkreis
|district = Burgenlandkreis
|elevation = 160
|elevation = 160
|area = 87.15
|area = 87.15
|population = 29557
|postal_code = 06711, 06712
|Stand = 2013-12-31
|area_code = 03441, 034423, 034426
|postal_code = 06711, 06712
|licence = BLK, HHM, NEB, NMB, WSF, ZZ
|area_code = 03441, 034423, 034426
|licence = BLK, HHM, NEB, NMB, WSF, ZZ
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 15 0 84 590
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 15 0 84 590
⚫
|LOCODE = DE ZEZ
|NUTS = DEE08
|Straße = Altmarkt 1
|website = [http://www.zeitz.de/ German: Stadt Zeitz]
|website = [http://www.zeitz.de/ German: Stadt Zeitz]
|mayor = Christian Thieme<ref>[https://wahlergebnisse.sachsen-anhalt.de/wahlen/bmbm/index.html Bürgermeisterwahlen in den Gemeinden, Endgültige Ergebnisse], [[Statistisches Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt]]. Retrieved 6 July 2023.</ref>
|mayor = Christian Thieme
|leader_term = 2023&ndash;30
|party = [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|CDU]]
⚫
|party = CDU
}}
}}


'''Zeitz''' is a town in the [[Burgenlandkreis]] district, in [[Saxony-Anhalt]], [[Germany]]. It is situated on the river [[White Elster]], in the triangle of the federal states [[Saxony-Anhalt]], [[Thuringia]] and [[Saxony]].
'''Zeitz''' ({{lang-hsb|Žič}}, {{IPA|hsb|ˈʒitʃ|pron}}) is a town in the [[Burgenlandkreis]] district, in [[Saxony-Anhalt]], [[Germany]]. It is situated on the river [[White Elster]], in the triangle of the federal states [[Saxony-Anhalt]], [[Thuringia]], and [[Saxony]].


==History==
==History==
Zeitz was first recorded under the name Cici in the synode of Ravenna in 967. Between 965 and 982, it was the chief fortress of the [[March of Zeitz]]. Zeitz was a bishop's residence between 968 and 1028, when it was moved to [[Naumburg]]. Beginning at the end of the 13th century, the bishops again resided in their castle at Zeitz. The Herrmannsschacht (built in 1889) is one of the oldest brick factories in the world. The city was captured by [[Sweden|Swedish]] troops during the [[Thirty Years' War]] and was given to [[Electorate of Saxony]] in 1644. It was centre of [[Saxe-Zeitz]] between 1657 and 1718 before returning to Electorate (Became [[Kingdom of Saxony]] in 1806). In 1815, it was given to [[Kingdom of Prussia]] and became district (kreis) centre in Merseburg region (regierungsbezirk) of [[Province of Saxony]] till 1944, when it became part of [[Halle (Saale)|Halle]] region. It became a county free city between 1901 and 1950. It was occupied by USA troops on 27 April 1945 and was given to [[Soviet]] ones on 1 July 1945. It was a district centre in Halle region of [[Saxony-Anhalt]] state between 1945 and 1952 and again 1990 and 1994 and in [[Bezirk Halle|Halle bezirk]] between 1952 and 1990. It lost status centre of county and became part of Burgenlandkreis on 1 July 1994.
First a Slavic pagan settlement later Christianized, Zeitz was first recorded under the [[Medieval Latin]] name ''Cici'' in the [[Synod of Ravenna]] in 967. Between 965 and 982, it was the chief fortress of the [[March of Zeitz]]. Zeitz was a bishop's residence between 968 and 1028, when it was moved to [[Naumburg]]. Beginning at the end of the 13th century, the bishops again resided in their castle at Zeitz. The Herrmannsschacht (built in 1889) is one of the oldest brown coal brickette factories in the world. The city was captured by [[Sweden|Swedish]] troops during the [[Thirty Years' War]] and was given to [[Electorate of Saxony]] in 1644. It was the centre of [[Saxe-Zeitz]] between 1657 and 1718, before returning to the Electorate (which became the [[Kingdom of Saxony]] in 1806). In 1815, it was given to the [[Kingdom of Prussia]], becoming district (kreis) centre of the Merseburg region (regierungsbezirk) of the [[Province of Saxony]] until 1944, when it became part of the Province of [[Halle-Merseburg]]. It became a county free city between 1901 and 1950. It was occupied by U.S. troops on 27 April 1945 and was transferred to [[Soviet]] control on 1 July 1945. It was a district centre in the Halle region of [[Saxony-Anhalt]] state in 1945 — 1952 and again in 1990 — 1994, and in [[Bezirk Halle]] between 1952 and 1990. It lost its status as county centre and became part of the Burgenlandkreis on 1 July 1994.


A bombing target of the [[Oil Campaign of World War II]], the [[Brabag]] plant northeast of Zeitz used [[lignite coal]] to synthesize [[ersatz]] oil<ref name=Becker>{{cite journal |last=Becker |first=Peter W. |year=1981 |title=The Role of Synthetic Fuel In World War II Germany: implications for today? |url= |journal=Air University Review |location=[[Maxwell AFB]] |accessdate= }}</ref> – [[forced labor]] was provided by the nearby [[Imre Kertész|Wille]] subcamp of [[Buchenwald concentration camp|Buchenwald]] in Rehmsdorf and Gleina.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}. In the middle of the 1960s work started on the "Zeitz-Ost" residential area, and in the mid-1980s, housing estates such as the "Völkerfreundschaft" ({{lang-en|International Friendship}}) were built.
A bombing target of the [[Oil Campaign of World War II]], the [[Brabag]] plant northeast of Zeitz used [[lignite coal]] for the production of [[synthetic fuel]]s<ref name=Becker>{{cite journal |last=Becker |first=Peter W. |year=1981 |title=The Role of Synthetic Fuel In World War II Germany: implications for today? |journal=Air University Review |location=[[Maxwell AFB]] }}</ref> – [[forced labor]] was provided by the nearby [[Imre Kertész|Wille]] subcamp of [[Buchenwald concentration camp|Buchenwald]] in Rehmsdorf and Gleina.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} In the middle of the 1960s work started on the "Zeitz-Ost" residential area, and in the mid-1980s, housing estates such as the "Völkerfreundschaft" ({{lang-en|International Friendship}}) were built.


On 18 August 1976, the Protestant clergyman [[Oskar Brüsewitz]] from [[Rippicha]] burnt himself to death in front of the Michaeliskirche. This was a protest against the [[German Democratic Republic|DDR]] system.
On 18 August 1976, the Protestant clergyman [[Oskar Brüsewitz]] from [[Rippicha]] burnt himself to death in front of the Michaeliskirche. This was a protest against the [[German Democratic Republic|DDR]] system.
The town was an industrial centre until [[German Reunification]] made many companies in eastern Germany uncompetitive, and 20,000 people lost jobs or moved to other employment. The town still has a large sugar factory, and the nearby [[lignite]] mines ([[Profen coal mine|Profen]] and [[United Schleenhain coal mine|Schleenhain]]) and [[Lippendorf Power Station]], together employing 2,000 people from Zeitz.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wecker |first1=Katharina |title=Germany's mining communities brace themselves for post-coal era {{!}} DW {{!}} 01.06.2018 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-mining-communities-brace-themselves-for-post-coal-era/a-44037149 |website=DW.COM |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20180619044229/https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-mining-communities-brace-themselves-for-post-coal-era/a-44037149 |archivedate=2018-06-19 |date=1 June 2018 |quote=Permalink https://p.dw.com/p/2ym4b |url-status=live}}</ref>
The town was an industrial centre until [[German Reunification]] made many companies in eastern Germany uncompetitive, and 20,000 people lost jobs or moved to other employment. The town still has a large sugar factory, and the nearby [[lignite]] mines ([[Profen coal mine|Profen]] and [[United Schleenhain coal mine|Schleenhain]]) and [[Lippendorf Power Station]], together employing 2,000 people from Zeitz.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wecker |first1=Katharina |title=Germany's mining communities brace themselves for post-coal era {{!}} DW {{!}} 01.06.2018 |url=https://p.dw.com/p/2ym4b |website=DW.COM |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180619044229/https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-mining-communities-brace-themselves-for-post-coal-era/a-44037149 |archive-date=2018-06-19 |date=1 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On 1 July 2009 Zeitz absorbed the former municipalities [[Döbris]], [[Geußnitz]], [[Kayna]], [[Nonnewitz]] and [[Würchwitz]].<ref>[https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Laender-Regionen/Regionales/Gemeindeverzeichnis/Namens-Grenz-Aenderung/2009-januar-dezmber.html Gebietsänderungen vom 02. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2009], [[Statistisches Bundesamt]]</ref> On 1 January 2010 it absorbed [[Luckenau]] and [[Theißen]].<ref>[https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Laender-Regionen/Regionales/Gemeindeverzeichnis/Namens-Grenz-Aenderung/2010.html Gebietsänderungen vom 01. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2010], [[Statistisches Bundesamt]]</ref>

== Geography ==
The town Zeitz consists of Zeitz proper and the following ''Ortschaften'' or municipal divisions:<ref name=Hauptsatzung>[https://www.zeitz.de/output/download.php?fid=3429.53.1.PDF Hauptsatzung der Stadt Zeitz], October 2019.</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
*[[Geußnitz]]
*[[Kayna]]
*[[Luckenau]]
*[[Nonnewitz]]
*Pirkau
*[[Theißen]]
*[[Würchwitz]]
*Zangenberg
{{div col end}}


==Main sights==
==Main sights==
Zeitz sights are predominantly situated along the [[Romanesque Road]] (point 52).
Zeitz sights are predominantly situated along the [[Romanesque Road]] (point 52).
* ''[[Schloss Moritzburg (Zeitz)|Schloss Moritzburg]]'', a [[baroque]]-style castle with the [[Naumburg Cathedral|cathedral of St. Peter and Paul]]. The 10th century crypt displays 17th century tin coffins including that of [[Moritz, Duke of Saxony]].{{Citation needed|reason=the Schloss wikipage doesn't have this crypt and cathedral info|date=April 2008}}
* ''[[Schloss Moritzburg (Zeitz)|Schloss Moritzburg]]'', a [[baroque]]-style castle with the {{ill|Zeitz Cathedral|de|Zeitzer Dom|lt=cathedral of St. Peter and Paul}}. The 10th century crypt displays 17th century tin coffins including that of [[Maurice, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz]].<ref>[https://www.kath-zeitz.de/?mm=3&me=71 Die Krypta des Domes], Kath. Pfarrgemeinde St. Peter und Paul Zeitz.</ref>
* ''Michaeliskirche'' (1154), originally a Roman basilica and contains a 1517 original of [[Martin Luther]]'s [[95 Theses]].
* ''Michaeliskirche'' (1154), originally a Romanesque basilica and contains a 1517 original of [[Martin Luther]]'s [[95 Theses]].
* Town Hall (1509, rebuilt in 1909). It is a Gothic structure that, together with restored houses and 3 market-places, provides Zeitz' medieval appearance.
* Town Hall (1509, rebuilt in 1909). It is a Gothic structure that, together with restored houses and 3 market-places, provides Zeitz' medieval appearance.
* ''Herrmannsschacht'', a technical monument in a former brick factory.
* ''Herrmannsschacht'', a technical monument in a former brick factory.


==Twin towns – sister cities==
==Sons and daughters of the town==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}
===Up to 1925===
Zeitz is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web|title=Partnerstädte|url=https://www.zeitz.de/de/partnerstaedte.html|website=zeitz.de|publisher=Zeitz|language=de|access-date=2021-02-18|archive-date=25 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325183540/https://www.zeitz.de/de/partnerstaedte.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
⚫
* [[Christian August of Saxe-Zeitz]] (1666-1725), Archbishop of [[Esztergom | Gran]]
*{{flagicon|MNG}} [[Darkhan (city)|Darkhan]], Mongolia (1989)
* Albert Fahr of Zeitz, made pianos, about 24600 total from 1880 until 1953
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Detmold]], Germany (1990)
⚫
* [[Anna Magdalena Bach]] (1701-1760), second wife of the composer [[Johann Sebastian Bach]]
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Kaliningrad]], Russia (1995)
⚫
* [[Clemens Denhardt]] (1852-1929), Africa explorer
*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Tosu, Saga|Tosu]], Japan (1998)
⚫
* [[Gustav Denhardt]] (1856-1917), African explorer
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Prescott, Arizona|Prescott]], United States (2014)
⚫
* [[Kurt Floericke]] (1869-1934), natural scientist, naturalist and author
⚫
* [[Ewald André Dupont]] (1891-1956), film director and screenwriter
⚫
* [[Heinrich Troeger]] (1901-1975), lawyer, financial expert and SPD politician
⚫
* [[Ewald Riebschläger]] (1904-1993), water jumper (European Champion 1927 and 1931)
⚫
* [[Karl Walther]] (1905-1981), painter
* [[Gotthard Handrick]] (1908-1978), Olympic champion and fighter pilot
* [[Fritz Gödicke]] (1919-2009), coach of the soccer national team of the GDR
⚫
* [[Horst Wende]] (1919-1996), orchestra conductor, arranger and accordionist
⚫
* [[Heinz-Günther Lehmann]] (1923-2006), swimmer and European champion as well as Olympic athletes


===After 1925===
==Notable people==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
⚫
* [[Manfred Kaiser]] (born 1929), footballer and coach
⚫
*[[Christian August of Saxe-Zeitz]] (1666–1725), Archbishop of [[Esztergom]]
⚫
* [[Rudolf Drößler]] (born 1934), author and science journalist, from 1991 to 1997 [[Stadtschreiber (Literaturpreis) | Stadtschreiber]] and town chronicler
⚫
*[[Anna Magdalena Bach]] (1701–1760), second wife of [[Johann Sebastian Bach|J. S. Bach]]
⚫
* [[Bernd Bauchspiess]] (born 1939), soccer player, Olympic athlete 1964
⚫
*[[Clemens Denhardt]] (1852–1929), Africa explorer
⚫
* [[Hans Zierold]] (born 1938), swimmer, Olympic finalist in 1956 and 1960
⚫
*[[Gustav Denhardt]] (1856–1917), African explorer
⚫
* [[Klaus Trummer]] (born 1945), canoeist, Olympic athlete 1972
⚫
*[[Kurt Floericke]] (1869–1934), natural scientist, naturalist and author
⚫
* [[Jürgen Kretschmer]] (born 1947), canoeist, Olympic athlete in 1972
⚫
*[[Ewald André Dupont]] (1891–1956), film director and screenwriter
⚫
* [[Martina Falke]] (born 1951), canoeist, Olympian competitor 1972
*[[Walter Krüger (Wehrmacht general)|Walter Krüger]] (1892-1973), general
⚫
*[[Heinrich Troeger]] (1901–1975), jurist and SPD politician
⚫
*[[Ewald Riebschläger]] (1904–1993), water jumper, European Champion
⚫
*[[Karl Walther]] (1905–1981), painter
*[[Gotthard Handrick]] (1908–1978), fighter pilot and athlete, Olympic champion
*[[Fritz Gödicke]] (1919–2009), football coach
⚫
*[[Horst Wende]] (1919–1996), bandleader, arranger and composer
⚫
*[[Heinz-Günther Lehmann]] (1923–2006), swimmer, European champion
⚫
*[[Manfred Kaiser]] (1929–2017), footballer and coach
⚫
*[[Rudolf Drößler]] (born 1934), author and science journalist
⚫
*[[Bernd Bauchspiess]] (born 1939), footballer
⚫
*[[Hans Zierold]] (born 1938), swimmer
⚫
*[[Klaus Trummer]] (born 1945), canoeist
⚫
*[[Jürgen Kretschmer]] (born 1947), canoeist
⚫
*[[Martina Falke]] (born 1951), canoeist
{{div col end}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 83: Line 104:
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


⚫
[[Category:Zeitz| ]]
[[Category:Burgenlandkreis]]
[[Category:Burgenlandkreis]]
[[Category:Province of Saxony]]
⚫
[[Category:Bezirk Halle]]
[[Category:Oil campaign of World War II]]
[[Category:Oil campaign of World War II]]

Revision as of 23:10, 29 February 2024

For the surname, see Zeitz (surname).

Zeitz
Town
Schloss Moritzburg
Schloss Moritzburg
Coat of arms of Zeitz
Coat of arms
Location of Zeitz within Burgenlandkreis district
SaxonyThuringiaSaalekreisAn der PoststraßeMeinewehBad BibraBalgstädtDroyßigEckartsbergaElsteraueElsteraueFreyburgFinneFinneFinnelandGleinaGoseckGutenbornHohenmölsenKaiserpfalzKaiserpfalzKarsdorfKretzschauLanitz-Hassel-TalLaucha an der UnstrutLützenMertendorfMolauer LandNaumburgNebraOsterfeldSchnaudertalSchönburg (Saale)StößenTeuchernWeißenfelsWethauWetterzeubeZeitz
Zeitz is located in Germany
Zeitz
Zeitz
Zeitz is located in Saxony-Anhalt
Zeitz
Zeitz
Coordinates: 51°2′52″N 12°8′18″E / 51.04778°N 12.13833°E / 51.04778; 12.13833
CountryGermany
StateSaxony-Anhalt
DistrictBurgenlandkreis
Government
 • Mayor (2023–30) Christian Thieme[1] (CDU)
Area
 • Total87.15 km2 (33.65 sq mi)
Elevation
160 m (520 ft)
Population
 (2022-12-31)[2]
 • Total27,976
 • Density320/km2 (830/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
06711, 06712
Dialling codes03441, 034423, 034426
Vehicle registrationBLK, HHM, NEB, NMB, WSF, ZZ
WebsiteGerman: Stadt Zeitz

Zeitz (Upper Sorbian: Žič, pronounced [ˈʒitʃ]) is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the river White Elster, in the triangle of the federal states Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and Saxony.

History

First a Slavic pagan settlement later Christianized, Zeitz was first recorded under the Medieval Latin name Cici in the Synod of Ravenna in 967. Between 965 and 982, it was the chief fortress of the March of Zeitz. Zeitz was a bishop's residence between 968 and 1028, when it was moved to Naumburg. Beginning at the end of the 13th century, the bishops again resided in their castle at Zeitz. The Herrmannsschacht (built in 1889) is one of the oldest brown coal brickette factories in the world. The city was captured by Swedish troops during the Thirty Years' War and was given to Electorate of Saxony in 1644. It was the centre of Saxe-Zeitz between 1657 and 1718, before returning to the Electorate (which became the Kingdom of Saxony in 1806). In 1815, it was given to the Kingdom of Prussia, becoming district (kreis) centre of the Merseburg region (regierungsbezirk) of the Province of Saxony until 1944, when it became part of the Province of Halle-Merseburg. It became a county free city between 1901 and 1950. It was occupied by U.S. troops on 27 April 1945 and was transferred to Soviet control on 1 July 1945. It was a district centre in the Halle region of Saxony-Anhalt state in 1945 — 1952 and again in 1990 — 1994, and in Bezirk Halle between 1952 and 1990. It lost its status as county centre and became part of the Burgenlandkreis on 1 July 1994.

A bombing target of the Oil Campaign of World War II, the Brabag plant northeast of Zeitz used lignite coal for the production of synthetic fuels[3] – forced labor was provided by the nearby Wille subcamp of Buchenwald in Rehmsdorf and Gleina.[citation needed] In the middle of the 1960s work started on the "Zeitz-Ost" residential area, and in the mid-1980s, housing estates such as the "Völkerfreundschaft" (English: International Friendship) were built.

On 18 August 1976, the Protestant clergyman Oskar Brüsewitz from Rippicha burnt himself to death in front of the Michaeliskirche. This was a protest against the DDR system. The town was an industrial centre until German Reunification made many companies in eastern Germany uncompetitive, and 20,000 people lost jobs or moved to other employment. The town still has a large sugar factory, and the nearby lignite mines (Profen and Schleenhain) and Lippendorf Power Station, together employing 2,000 people from Zeitz.[4]

On 1 July 2009 Zeitz absorbed the former municipalities Döbris, Geußnitz, Kayna, Nonnewitz and Würchwitz.[5] On 1 January 2010 it absorbed Luckenau and Theißen.[6]

Geography

The town Zeitz consists of Zeitz proper and the following Ortschaften or municipal divisions:[7]

Main sights

Zeitz sights are predominantly situated along the Romanesque Road (point 52).

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Zeitz is twinned with:[9]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ Bürgermeisterwahlen in den Gemeinden, Endgültige Ergebnisse, Statistisches Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
  2. ^ "Bevölkerung der Gemeinden – Stand: 31. Dezember 2022" (PDF) (in German). Statistisches Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt. June 2023.
  3. ^ Becker, Peter W. (1981). "The Role of Synthetic Fuel In World War II Germany: implications for today?". Air University Review. Maxwell AFB.
  4. ^ Wecker, Katharina (1 June 2018). "Germany's mining communities brace themselves for post-coal era | DW | 01.06.2018". DW.COM. Archived from the original on 19 June 2018.
  5. ^ Gebietsänderungen vom 02. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2009, Statistisches Bundesamt
  6. ^ Gebietsänderungen vom 01. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2010, Statistisches Bundesamt
  7. ^ Hauptsatzung der Stadt Zeitz, October 2019.
  8. ^ Die Krypta des Domes, Kath. Pfarrgemeinde St. Peter und Paul Zeitz.
  9. ^ "Partnerstädte". zeitz.de (in German). Zeitz. Archived from the original on 25 March 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2021.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zeitz.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zeitz&oldid=1211116651"