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{{Short description|Genus of palms}}
<!-- This article was auto-generated by [[User:Polbot]]. -->
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Taxobox
| image =
|image = Pinanga cleistantha.jpg
|image_caption = ''Pinanga cleistantha'' in Malaysia
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|display_parents = 3
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
|taxon = Pinanga
| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
|authority = [[Carl Ludwig Blume|Blume]], 1838
| ordo = [[Arecales]]
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=wcsp/>
| familia = [[Arecaceae]]
|synonyms =
| genus = '''''Pinanga'''''
* ''Cladosperma'' <small>Griff.</small>
| genus_authority = [[Blume]]
* ''Ophiria'' <small>[[Odoardo Beccari|Becc.]]</small>
* ''Pseudopinanga'' <small>Burret</small>
}}
}}
'''''Pinanga''''' is a genus of [[flowering plant]] in the [[Arecaceae]] family.
It contains the following species:
* ''[[Pinanga coronata]]''
* ''[[Pinanga crassipes]]''
* ''[[Pinanga tashiroi]]''
* and approx 195 more <ref>{{Cite web|title=IPNI Plant Name Query Results|url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_family=&find_genus=Pinanga&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch|accessdate=2008-01-30|publisher=the Plant Names Project}}</ref>


'''''Pinanga''''' is a genus of [[flowering plant]] of the [[Arecaceae|palm]] family in the subtribe [[Arecinae]]. It is native to eastern and southern [[Asia]] ([[India]], [[China]], [[Indo-China]], [[Malesia]]) across to [[New Guinea]].<ref name=wcsp>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=156343 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=IPNI Plant Name Query Results|url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_genus=Pinanga |accessdate=November 2, 2011 |publisher=Plant Names Project}}</ref><ref>Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=125497 Flora of China, Vol. 23 Page 155, <big>山槟榔属</big> shan bin lang shu, ''Pinanga'' Blume, Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerlande. 1: 65. 1838. ]</ref>


==References==
==Species==
Accepted species:<ref name=wcsp/>
{{reflist}}


{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
<!--Bot notice: new species go here-->
* ''[[Pinanga acaulis]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga acuminata]]'' <small>A.J.Hend.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga adangensis]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga albescens]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga andamanensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga angustisecta]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga annamensis]]'' <small>Magalon</small>
* ''[[Pinanga arinasae]]'' <small>Witono</small>
* ''[[Pinanga aristata]]'' <small>(Burret) J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga arundinacea]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga auriculata]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga badia]]'' <small>Hodel</small>
* ''[[Pinanga basilanensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga batanensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga baviensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga bicolana]]'' <small>Fernando</small>
* ''[[Pinanga borneensis]]'' <small>Scheff.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga brevipes]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga caesia]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga capitata]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga cattienensis]]'' <small>Andr.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung</small>
* ''[[Pinanga celebica]]'' <small>Scheff.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga chaiana]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga cleistantha]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga copelandii]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga coronata]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga crassipes]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga cucullata]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga cupularis]]'' <small>A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung</small>
* ''[[Pinanga curranii]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga declinata]]'' <small>A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung</small>
* ''[[Pinanga decora]]'' <small>L.Linden & Rodigas</small>
* ''[[Pinanga densiflora]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga dicksonii]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga disticha]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga dumetosa]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga egregia]]'' <small>Fernando</small>
* ''[[Pinanga forbesii]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga fractiflexa]]'' <small>Hodel</small>
* ''[[Pinanga furfuracea]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga geonomiformis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga glauca]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga glaucifolia]]'' <small>Fernando</small>
* ''[[Pinanga globulifera]]'' <small>Merr.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga globulifera]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga gracilis]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga gracillima]]'' <small>Merr.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga grandijuga]]'' <small>Burret</small>
* ''[[Pinanga grandis]]'' <small>Burret</small>
* ''[[Pinanga griffithii]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga heterophylla]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga hexasticha]]'' <small>Kurz</small>
* ''[[Pinanga hookeriana]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga humilis]]'' <small>A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung</small>
* ''[[Pinanga hymenospatha]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga inaequalis]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga insignis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga isabelensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga jamariensis]]'' <small>C.K.Lim</small>
* ''[[Pinanga jambusana]]'' <small>C.K.Lim</small>
* ''[[Pinanga javana]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga johorensis]]'' <small>C.K.Lim & Saw</small>
* ''[[Pinanga keahi]]'' <small>Furtado</small>
* ''[[Pinanga kontumensis]]'' <small>A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung</small>
* ''[[Pinanga lacei]]'' <small>A.J.Hend.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga latisecta]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga lepidota]]'' <small>Rendle</small>
* ''[[Pinanga ligulata]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga limbangensis]]'' <small>C.K.Lim</small>
* ''[[Pinanga limosa]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga macrospadix]]'' <small>Burret</small>
* ''[[Pinanga maculata]]'' <small>Porte ''ex'' Lem.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga malaiana]]'' <small>Scheff.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga manii]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga megalocarpa]]'' <small>Burret</small>
* ''[[Pinanga micholitzii]]'' <small>Hort.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga minor]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga minuta]]'' <small>Furtado</small>
* ''[[Pinanga mirabilis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga modesta]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga mooreana]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga negrosensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga nuichuensis]]'' <small>A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & B.V.Thanh</small>
* ''[[Pinanga pachycarpa]]'' <small>Burret</small>
* ''[[Pinanga pachyphylla]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga palustris]]'' <small>Kiew</small>
* ''[[Pinanga pantiensis]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga paradoxa]]'' <small>(Griff.) Scheff.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga parvula]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga patula]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga pectinata]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga perakensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga philippinensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga pilosa]]'' <small>(Burret) J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga piscatorum]]'' <small>Pierre ''ex'' Gagnep.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga plicata]]'' <small>A.J.Hend.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga polymorpha]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga porrecta]]'' <small>Burret</small>
* ''[[Pinanga pulchella]]'' <small>Burret</small>
* ''[[Pinanga purpurea]]'' <small>Hendra</small>
* ''[[Pinanga quadrijuga]]'' <small>Gagnep.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga ridleyana]]'' <small>Becc. ''ex'' Furtado</small>
* ''[[Pinanga rigida]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga riparia]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga rivularis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga rumphiana]]'' <small>(Mart.) J.Dransf. & Govaerts</small>
* ''[[Pinanga rupestris]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga salicifolia]]'' <small>Blume</small>
* ''[[Pinanga samarana]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga sarmentosa]]'' <small>Saw</small>
* ''[[Pinanga sclerophylla]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga scortechinii]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga sessilifolia]]'' <small>Furtado</small>
* ''[[Pinanga sibuyanensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga sierramadreana]]'' <small>Fernando</small>
* ''[[Pinanga simplicifrons]]'' <small>(Miq.) Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga singaporensis]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga sobolifera]]'' <small>Fernando</small>
* ''[[Pinanga speciosa]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga spectabilis]]'' <small>Bull</small>
* ''[[Pinanga stricta]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga stylosa]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga subintegra]]'' <small>Ridl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga subruminata]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga subterranea]]''<ref name="subt">{{Cite news |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]] |date=2023-06-26 |accessdate=2023-07-03 |language=en-GB |title=‘Mind-boggling’ palm that flowers and fruits underground thrills scientists |first=Graeme |last=Green |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jun/27/mind-boggling-palm-that-flowers-and-fruits-underground-thrills-scientists}}</ref>
* ''[[Pinanga sylvestris]]'' <small>(Lour.) Hodel</small>
* ''[[Pinanga tashiroi]]'' <small>Hayata</small>
* ''[[Pinanga tenacinervis]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga tenella]]'' <small>Scheff.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga tomentella]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga tomentosa]]'' <small>A.J.Hend.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga trichoneura]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga uncinata]]'' <small>Burret</small>
* ''[[Pinanga urdanetana]]'' <small>Becc. ''ex'' Martelli</small>
* ''[[Pinanga urdanetensis]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga urosperma]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga variegata]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga veitchii]]'' <small>H.Wendl.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga versicolor]]'' <small>A.J.Hend.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga watanaiana]]'' <small>C.K.Lim</small>
* ''[[Pinanga woodiana]]'' <small>Becc.</small>
* ''[[Pinanga yassinii]]'' <small>J.Dransf.</small>
{{div col end}}

==Ecology==
===Pollination ecology===
The species ''[[Pinanga subterranea]]'' has a highly unusual reproductive strategy. Its subterranean flowers are pollinated beneath the surface. The seeds are dispersed by wild boars, which dig into the ground to reach the fruit.<ref name = "Kew, 2023">Hidden in plain sight: Rare palm species that flowers underground discovered as new-to-science in Borneo. (2023, June 27). Kew. Retrieved July 10, 2023, from https://www.kew.org/about-us/press-media/pinanga-subterranea</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{Arecaceae genera}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2234868}}


[[Category:Pinanga| ]]
{{palm-stub}}
[[Category:Pinanga]]
[[Category:Arecaceae genera]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]
[[es:Pinanga]]
[[Category:Taxa described in 1838]]

Latest revision as of 22:20, 17 November 2023

Pinanga
Pinanga cleistantha in Malaysia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Subfamily: Arecoideae
Tribe: Areceae
Subtribe: Arecinae
Genus: Pinanga
Blume, 1838
Synonyms[1]
  • Cladosperma Griff.
  • Ophiria Becc.
  • Pseudopinanga Burret

Pinanga is a genus of flowering plant of the palm family in the subtribe Arecinae. It is native to eastern and southern Asia (India, China, Indo-China, Malesia) across to New Guinea.[1][2][3][4]

Species[edit]

Accepted species:[1]

Ecology[edit]

Pollination ecology[edit]

The species Pinanga subterranea has a highly unusual reproductive strategy. Its subterranean flowers are pollinated beneath the surface. The seeds are dispersed by wild boars, which dig into the ground to reach the fruit.[6]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ "IPNI Plant Name Query Results". Plant Names Project. Retrieved November 2, 2011.
  3. ^ Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  4. ^ Flora of China, Vol. 23 Page 155, 山槟榔属 shan bin lang shu, Pinanga Blume, Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerlande. 1: 65. 1838.
  5. ^ Green, Graeme (2023-06-26). "'Mind-boggling' palm that flowers and fruits underground thrills scientists". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 2023-07-03.
  6. ^ Hidden in plain sight: Rare palm species that flowers underground discovered as new-to-science in Borneo. (2023, June 27). Kew. Retrieved July 10, 2023, from https://www.kew.org/about-us/press-media/pinanga-subterranea
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