23 (number)

This article is about the number 23. For the year, see 23. For the movie, see 23 (film). For other uses, see 23 (disambiguation)

23	20	3

23 (twenty-three) is the natural number following 22 and preceding 24.

Template:Numbers 20s
Cardinal	23 twenty-three
Ordinal	23rd twenty-third
Factorization	prime
Divisors	1, 23
Roman numeral	XXIII
Binary	10111
Octal	27
Hexadecimal	17

In mathematics

• Twenty-three is the ninth prime number, the smallest odd prime which is not a twin prime. Twenty-three is also the fifth factorial prime, the second Woodall prime, and the second Smarandache-Wellin prime. It is an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and real part of the form $3n-1$.

• The fifth Sophie Germain prime and the fourth safe prime, 23 is the next to last member of the first Cunningham chain of the first kind to have five terms (2, 5, 11, 23, 47). Since 14! + 1 is a multiple of 23 but 23 is not one more than a multiple 14, 23 is a Pillai prime. 23 is the smallest odd prime to be a highly cototient number, as the solution to x - φ(x) for the integers 95, 119, 143, 529.

• 23 also has the distinction of being one of two integers that cannot be expressed as the sum of fewer than 9 cubes of integers (the other is 239). See Waring's problem.

• 23 is a Wedderburn-Etherington number and the sixth happy number.

• The codewords in the perfect (non-extended) binary Golay code are of size 23.

• In the binary numeral system, 23 is the smallest prime having a composite sum of digits.

In science

• The atomic number of vanadium and the approximate atomic mass (in amu) of sodium.
• The number of chromosomes in a human germline cell
• Human sex cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
• Avogadro's number used in chemistry is 6.0221367×10²³.

Astronomy

• Messier object M23, a magnitude 6.0 open cluster in the constellation Sagittarius
• The New General Catalogue object NGC 23, a magnitude 12.0 barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus
• Carme, the 23rd moon of Jupiter.
• The earth's axis is tilted at a 23° 31.5' (23.525°) angle.
• A Sidereal day is 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4.091 seconds.
• The planet Neptune was discovered on September 23, 1846.

In religion

• Psalm 23 is possibly the most quoted and best known psalm.

• In the religion of Discordianism, 23 is considered a holy number.

• In Islam, the holy book Quran was revealed in a total of 23 years to Prophet Muhammad.

• France has twenty-three archbishops; the current Archbishop of Paris is André Vingt-Trois

• 2 divided by 3 is .666, the Number of the Beast.

In numerology

Main article: 23 (numerology)

• The sacred number (along with 5) of Eris, goddess of discord, according to the Principia Discordia; it is the number of the Illuminati.
• Like 13, sometimes considered unlucky or otherwise significant (as in the occult writings of Aleister Crowley and William S. Burroughs); see the 23 enigma.
  • 23 Skidoo is a title of a poem in Aleister Crowley's book "The Book of Lies - Falsely so Called"
• Robert Anton Wilson's book, Cosmic Trigger I: The Final Secret of the Illuminati, lists 23 as a cosmic number with strong connections to arcane magic and synchronicity.
  • In many other of Wilson's works (especially The Illuminatus! Trilogy) 23 is given special importance. Many Discordians use this number for any number of purposes.

In sport

• The squad number (or jersey number) of various athletes:
  • Michael Jordan's jersey number, with the exception of a short period of time when he played for the Chicago Bulls basketball team. The number now has special significance throughout sports, especially in basketball. Many athletes wear the number 23 either as a tribute to Jordan or because they would like to "be like Mike." Two examples of this in football (soccer) are David Beckham at LA Galaxy and the ex-Arsenal player Sol Campbell.
  • Don Mattingly's number when he played for the New York Yankees baseball team. It was retired on August 31, 1997.
  • David Beckham's squad number at Real Madrid football (soccer) club, inspired by the aforementioned Jordan.
  • Owen Hargreaves's squad number at FC Bayern Munich, also as a tribute to Michael Jordan.
  • Jamie Carragher's squad number at Liverpool F.C.
  • Manchester City F.C. have not assigned the squad number 23 to any player since 2003. This is due to the fact that Marc-Vivien Foé, the player who collapsed and died while playing for Cameroon on June 26 2003, had held this squad number at Manchester City.
  • Chris Drury's jersey number for the Buffalo Sabres which is inspired by childhood hero Don Mattingly.
  • Ryne Sandberg's number when he played for the Chicago Cubs baseball team. It was retired on August 28, 2005.
  • Michael Clarke's number in ODI cricket, passed on from Shane Warne in 2004 after Warne's retirement.
  • Marcus Trescothick, England opening batsman, also wears number 23. He was Shane Warne's 600th test wicket. Shane Warne also wears the number 23 jersey.
  • Lebron James's jersey number for the NBA's Cleveland Cavaliers.
  • Jason Richardson's jersey number for the NBA's Golden State Warriors.
  • Willie Horton's number was 23 when he played for the Detroit Tigers. His number was later retired.
  • Ron Artest's jersey number prior to the 2004-05 season, for the NBA's Indiana Pacers.
  • Julio Lugo's number while playing for the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. It is his current number with the Boston Red Sox.
  • Devin Hester's number for the Chicago Bears. He became the first player to return a Super Bowl opening kickoff for a touchdown during Super Bowl XLI.
  • Scott Gomez's jersey number that he wears for the NHL's New Jersey Devils.
  • The number has never been officially retired by any NFL team.
  • Ralph Engelstad's jersey number when he played for the University of North Dakota Fighting Sioux. Ralph Engelstad is the controversial philanthropist that owned the Imperial Palace casino and built the Ralph Engelstad Arena in Grand Forks, ND.
  • Super Bowl XXIII was voted the top Super Bowl of all time by NFL.com.

In music

• A song of the band Jimmy Eat World on their album Futures.
• The name of a song from the band Project 86
• The animated band Gorillaz have had many references to 23, including appearances in music videos.
• Viginti Tres (23 in Latin) is a song on the album 10,000 Days by Tool.
• The band Yellowcard has a song on their 2003 album, Ocean Avenue, entitled "TwentyThree".
• There are 23 cents (music) in a Pythagorean comma.
• Blonde Redhead's upcoming album is titled 23.
• Composer Alban Berg's self-professed 'number of fate': for example, his 'Lyric Suite' for String Quartet includes a variety of references to 23, including nonstandard metronome markings that are all multiples of 23; each movement is some multiple of 23 measures long, and there are significant structural elements at measures numbered in multiples of 23.
• The death metal band Behemoth has a song named 23 in their album Satanica.
• The title of Tristan Prettyman's debut album.
• The band Earlimart has a song called "Lazy Feet 23", featuring the number 23 as the third and final word in the song title.

In visual media

23 is:

• 23, a German movie about Karl Koch
• The Number 23, a 2007 film starring Jim Carrey
• The number of people (16 females, 7 males) Neo selects in order to re-found Zion in The Matrix Reloaded.
• The number of crosses on the hill at the end of the Monty Python film The Life of Brian.
• The number of Princess Leia's detention block in the Star Wars film A New Hope.
• The only visible universe box number in the Futurama episode "The Farnsworth Parabox".
• The number of the station where a train derails in Die Hard with a Vengeance.
• The hotel floor level where the Suite Life of Zack & Cody is set.
• The lane number "The Dude" and his friends always use in the movie The Big Lebowski.
• The number of times Jesus is whipped in the movie The Passion of the Christ, before he sees Satan in the crowd.
• Happy Gilmore's number in the movie Happy Gilmore.
• The floor the principle characters choose to meet on in the movie Serendipity.
• 23 Meteor Street, the home address of the main characters in the television show "Spaced".
• The number of days the monster feeds for in the film Jeepers Creepers.
• Mentioned in the Robert Rankin book The Toyminator, for its common appearance in pop culture and as part of a running gag
• One of the "Lost Numbers" on the television show Lost, along with 4, 8, 15, 16 and 42. According to producers of the show, 23 is the most important of these six numbers.
• The room number that Mohinder Suresh stays in on the TV show Heroes, in the episode Unexpected.
• Network 23 in the TV series "Max Headroom".
• Part of a riddle in the video game Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time: a Deku Scrub tells Link "23 is number one!"
• Apartment Number of Antwone Fisher's long-lost-mother's apartment in the movie Antwone Fisher.
• Nathan Scott's (James Lafferty) jersey number on the show One Tree Hill

In the movie Wall Street the highest amount "Blue Star Airlines" reaches is $23 before going down.

In other fields

• A federal grand jury in the United States consists of 23 members, at least 16 of which must be present to conduct jury business. [1]
• Known to be Adolf Hitler's favorite number; he made many decisions based upon the number 23
• Among the white pride community, 23 represents the letter W (the 23rd letter of the alphabet) and is used to indicate pride in being of European descent
• A telegraphers' code meaning "line break"
• ASCII character number 23 is ETB, end transmission block.
• According to the birthday paradox, a group of 23 randomly selected people is the smallest group where the probability is more than 50% that two people will share a birthday.
• In William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, Caesar was stabbed a total of 23 times (in the Arden Edition it is said that he was stabbed 33 times: "Never till Caesar's three and thirty wounds")
• The human physical biorhythm is generally 23 days.
• Dr.Pepper has 23 flavors. Dr has two letters in it and Pepper has six.6/2 is 3. 23

Historical years

• 23 B.C.
• 23 A.D.
• 1923
• 2023

External link

• Article in the British newspaper The Mirror regarding the power of the number 23
• Article - "The Number 23"