Nonntal

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Nonntal is a district of the Austrian city of Salzburg and is located south of the left old town . The district is bounded in the east by the Eschenbach, in the north by the Festungsberg, in the west by the Fürstenallee and the Hans-Donnenberg-Park. In the west and south-west, the slope edge of the cemetery terrace below Thumeggerstrasse, the northern extension of Tauxgasse and the eastern part of Karl-Höller-Strasse forms the borderline; in the southeast, Nonntaler Hauptstrasse delimits the district towards Morzg- Kleingmain. The settlement area of ​​Nonntal encompasses the ancient landscape of Freisaal with the central Prince-Archbishop's Castle Freisaal with three prince-archbishop's paths - namely today's Hellbrunner Straße in the east, today's Fürstenallee in the west and today's Hofhaymer Allee in the south. The old suburb of Nonntal (Inneres Nonntal) is part of the world cultural heritage of the city of Salzburg . The district Nonntal has an area of ​​126.6 hectares and a population of over 4,000.

The Salzburg district Nonntal

history

Above Nonntal, which in the Middle Ages was at least largely owned by the Benedictine monastery Stift Nonnberg , the Nonnberg rises up with the monastery that gave the district its name. The Nonnberg above the Nonntal was probably settled in Celtic times. The remains of an ancient Roman house from the time Iuvavum was built were discovered in the inner Nonntal valley . In the Middle Ages, it was mainly the servants of the Benedictine women's monastery who lived here, i.e. servants and maidservants, washers, blacksmiths, bakers and millers, to whom, however, in the course of the gradual city expansion in the old Salzburg suburb (which was always located outside the fortifications of the city of Salzburg was), soon also many Salzburg citizens joined.

In 1839 Nonntal is described as "a suburb of Salzburg [...] with 81 houses, 175 residential parties, 436 inhabitants, 400 paces from the capital [away]".

The parish church of St. Erhard and the former parish cemetery in Nonntal

Nonntaler main street with St. Erhard

The Gothic Erhard Chapel was first mentioned in 1404. The chapel was connected to the nearest hospital and was initially used primarily as a hospital church. It was already dedicated to St. Erhard , the miraculous patron of the sick and poor. The chapel had recently proven to be quite dilapidated (and also "out of date"). From 1685 to 1689, under Archbishop Max Gandolf von Kuenburg by the architect Giovanni Gaspare Zuccalli, today's Erhardkirche was built in the Italian Baroque style and has a dominant drum dome with a lantern attached, which is framed by slender side towers with a helmet attachment similar to the dome. The entrance portal is designed as a portico with a two-winged staircase and thus remotely resembles a stately renaissance castle. This high entrance points to the numerous floods in the past, from which the church was to be protected.

The village cemetery for the residents of the Nonntal was located in front of St. Erhard's Church between 1727 and 1879. It was dismantled and redesigned in 1902. Today a tall crucifix (erected by the Salzburg City Association in 1989) reminds of this former purpose of today's church forecourt.

The St. Erentrudis Bulwark

Erentrudis-Schanze against Nonntaler Hauptstraße

Prince Archbishop Paris Count Lodron had this strong defensive structure built in the years after 1622 on the left bank of the Salzach below the Nonnberg as part of the city fortifications. Today it is only preserved on a small scale below the monastery as "Schanzl". The old Fronfeste once stood closest, which was demolished together with a large part of the fortifications in 1906 to make room for the new justice building.

see also fortifications of the city of Salzburg

The Hans-Donnenberg-Park and the military cemetery

The Hans-Donnenberg-Park is named after the long-time Vice Mayor of the City of Salzburg Hans Donnenberg (1952–1964). It was laid out around 1965 on the slope edge of the old cemetery terrace while enlarging the old garden (fruit and vegetable garden) of the Nonntaler supply house.

The military cemetery (military cemetery) was created in 1803 during the Napoleonic Wars and was used as the final resting place for members of the military until 1882. 2127 soldiers are buried here, most of whom died peacefully.

Unipark Nonntal

Unipark Nonntal, behind the Hohensalzburg Fortress

In negotiations between 1997 and 2001, Governor Franz Schausberger was able to obtain an assurance from the Federal Minister for Education, Science and Culture, Elisabeth Gehrer , for the financing and construction of the Nonntal University Park. The project that emerged as the winner in an architecture competition in 2005 (architecture: Storch Ehlers Partner ) was completed in autumn 2011 after a construction period of around three and a half years. The Unipark Nonntal houses the departments of English studies, educational science and sociology of culture, German studies, linguistics, Romance studies, Slavic studies and art, music and dance studies at the University of Salzburg . The building belonging to the Faculty of Culture and Social Sciences also houses a branch library of the Salzburg University Library and an auditorium in the style of an Audimax . The Unipark replaces the institute building that was previously located on Akademiestrasse. There is space for around 5500 students and 300 academic staff at 17,000 square meters. Due to its imposing design, the Unipark is considered an architectural monument that cannot be overlooked for the entire Nonntal district.

The establishment of the Unipark is part of an overall concept - namely the complete reorganization of the area (including the former sports field of the Salzburg AK 1914 ), which also includes the new construction of ARGEkultur Salzburg , the demolition of the institute building in Akademiestrasse opposite the pedagogical university and replacement through the middle sports center as well as a new bus terminal (for day tourists) and a new connection between the Freisaal green zone and the old town.

  • Unipark - south side

  • Main entrance

  • inside view

  • A lecture hall

Faculty of Science

Nawi with surroundings

The institutes of the university, newly founded in 1962, were originally scattered all over the city. This led to discussions about the construction of a campus university and, in 1973, an architectural competition for a joint faculty building in Freisaal for the "great philosophical faculty" (the forerunner of today's faculties of culture, social sciences and natural sciences). Since the project presentation in 1975 triggered major protests, it was decided to build a building only for the institutes of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, which had existed since 1975. The institutes of the also new humanities faculty remained partly (until the construction of the university park) in the provisional facilities in the Akademiestraße or they moved into various existing buildings in the old town (including the house for social sciences). The state sports center came to Hallein-Rif.

In 1978, the "University of Salzburg Architects Group " (members Wilhelm Holzbauer , Stefan Huebner, Heinz Ekhart, Georg Ladstätter and Heinz Marschalek), who had been awarded the first and second prize in the architectural competition at the request of the university, was given the Order to plan the new building. Instead of the originally planned 67,000 m², only 16,000 m² were built. The remaining areas in Freisaal remained as grassland. After further discussions about the construction, the groundbreaking took place in 1982. In autumn 1984 the university was able to take over the building. In 1986 the group of architects was awarded the Salzburg Architecture Prize. The faculty building houses most of the departments of the natural sciences faculty (chemistry and physics of materials (until the move to the new laboratory building in Itzling in 2017), geography and geology, mathematics, molecular biology, ecology and evolution, psychology and cell biology - the FB Informatik is located in a building in Itzling) and various facilities such as the botanical garden, IT services, a sub-library of the Salzburg University Library, the cafeteria and various organizational units that are not assigned to the faculty (including parts of the School of Education and the IFFB Geoinformatik - Z_GIS) and several lecture halls including the auditorium maximum of the university (Audimax).

  • Nawi - inner courtyard with fountain and main entrance

  • back

  • inside view

  • pond

Sports center middle

The Mitte sports center is located between the Unipark Nonntal and the Freisaalwiesen and consists of a small stadium, an artificial turf field with an athletics facility and a 400-meter tartan track, a sports hall, several training pitches (including one artificial turf), a basketball field and a fun court . It replaces the old SAK-Platz , the old UFC-Platz and the old Sportunion gym. After a long discussion and planning phase, the facility was completed in 2008 (first and second part) and 2010 (third part). The facility is used by the Salzburger AK 1914 , the sports union and the schools in the area.

Nonntal and its parts

Wayside shrine with Pietà in Nonntal

Nonntal is divided into two areas: a historical part, the Inner Nonntal, which is part of the old town protection area and also a world cultural heritage, and an outside - today much larger - area, the Outer Nonntal. In the time of the prince-archbishop, the Inner Nonntal was part of the cityscape, where consequently - despite the location in front of the city walls - strict city law applied; the Outer Nonntal, on the other hand, was never part of the city in the time of the prince-archbishopric. The visible border between Inner and Outer Nonntal is the Mariensäule at the beginning of Fürstenallee, which emerged from an old border cross ("Weichbildkreuz").

The Inner Nonntal

The district is characterized by town houses in the character of the 17th century, which are, however, often medieval in essence. It has a small town character.

Notable historical secular buildings are:

  • The men's wing and the women's wing of the St. Erhard Hospital (Domkapitelspital): The women ’s hospital , immediately south of the church, has been documented since at least 1310. This infirmary (hospital), which the abbess Margarethe von Gebind had built for needy members of the monastery, was also used for plague and leprosy patients at times. The Gothic portal of the house is remarkable. Later, many documents about the existence of the hospital, which was used as a residential building again in the 16th century, are missing. This building was bought by the cathedral chapter in 1603 at the instigation of Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau and partially rebuilt so that it could be used to care for sick members of the cathedral chapter from at least 1656 onwards. In 1685 it was rebuilt again. Behind the house there used to be the associated hospital garden, which was painstakingly laid out in 1685 into the steep mountain slope. The younger male wing of the hospital (immediately north of the church) was built in 1678 by the cathedral chapter. Both hospitals were closed in 1898.
  • Hagenauer-Vorstadthaus (Nonntaler Hauptstraße 24): The Salzburg merchant Johann Lorenz Hagenauer (1712–1792), owner of the house and the house at Getreidegasse 9 (Mozart's birthplace), spent many days with his family in the then rural house in the summer. The Leopold Mozart family was often invited there, especially on family festivals. Leopold Mozart wrote a letter on July 30, 1768 and reported in it of Nannerl's 17th birthday as follows: […] She spent her day outside of the city (outside the city) with a good friend, we went there this evening because of Nannerl's birthday [July 30, 1751] are invited again tomorrow. Ò we have already thought of the Nunthall! [...].
  • The Hof-Brunnhaus (Brunnhausgasse 5): This second historic fountain house in the city of Salzburg was built in 1664 by Archbishop Guidobald von Thun on the southern slope of the fortress mountain. This well house operated a pump line through large water wheels until 1969. This prince-archbishop's water pumping station (Hofbrunnhaus) has been pumping drinking water from the Hellbrunn Sternbrunnenquelle for the fountain in the Residenzbrunnen as well as for higher-lying houses in Nonntal and in the Kaiviertel since 1679 with the help of the power of the Almkanal .
  • The laundry house (Brunnhausgasse 16): The laundry house on the corner of Hans-Sedlmayr-Weg on Mönchsberg has been owned by the St. Peter Abbey for a long time. It is medieval in structure.
  • Villa Berta , formerly Daunschlösschen: The Schlösschen (Brunnhausgasse 29) used to be called Weingartenschloss. It was first mentioned in 1139 when it was owned by the cathedral chapter. In 1528 the canons built a summer residence here. From 1777–1800 it was inhabited by Karl Joseph von Daun, later mayor Heinrich von Mertens and then Berta Princess von Lobkowitz. The stately Meierhof that once belonged to it had to give way to the construction of prefabricated residential buildings after 1960, and the castle itself has been preserved as a villa.
  • High School Student Home St. Josef : In 1882, Sister Maria-Theresia Piller set up the St. Josef refuge north of the Josefshof on today's Alpenstrasse (in the Josefiau ) in the old Paurnfeindhof (Bauernfeindhof) , which was originally intended for "neglected girls" and is essentially today is used as accommodation for foreign students.
  • Berchtoldvilla The villa emerged from the old castle of the Fuchs von Hernau. In 1785 the trader Johann Oberfrininger bought the castle and largely rebuilt it as the Oberfriningerhof. In 1881 the then Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary, Count Leopold Berchtold, bought the property. The avenue facing the city, today's Josef-Preis-Allee, remained as the last remnant of the former baroque garden of the palace and its landscape axes.

  • Women's Hospital

  • Fountain house

  • Villa Berta (Daunschlösschen)

  • Laundry house

  • Artist house

  • Berchtoldvilla

The Outer Nonntal

Between the inner and outer Nonntal there is a Marian column (erected in 1735, in front of the house at Fürstenallee 1), in the place of which there was previously a soft cross on a column, which since the late 15th century has indicated the limits of municipal jurisdiction. The Outer Nonntal was originally characterized by scattered courtyards (mostly owned by the Nonnberg monastery). The settlement area in the part close to the city has been built up more densely since the interwar period, in the outer part since that time mostly only after around 1960. The Outer Nonntal extends to Hofhaymerallee, where the Morzg district begins with its Kleingmain settlement on the city side.

Notable historical secular buildings:

  • The Freisaal Castle , whose name is derived from "Freudensaal", was first mentioned in 1392.
  • The Petersbrunnhof as the pleasure palace Welsbergerhof , first mentioned in 1625, is today a cultural center of the city of Salzburg.
  • The Neudegg Castle (Nonntaler main road 51-53), also called Castle Merano.
  • The Nonnberghof (Nonntaler Hauptstraße 42) used to be a Meierhof of the Nonnberg Monastery and its structure dates from the 18th century.
  • The Jägerhof (Nonntaler Hauptstrasse 46) was built in 1643 under Prince Archbishop Paris Lodron . The coat of arms of the Prince Archbishop is located above the portal.
  • The stud farm (Nonntaler Hauptstrasse 58) was used by the archbishopric horse breeding between 1579 and 1806. The “Hofmeierei Nonntal” dairy also housed cows, oxen, pigs and sheep here. Since the time of Paris Lodron, who united the stud and dairy farm under one management, the stud meier lived in the building on Nonntaler Hauptstrasse, and stud masters, stud smiths and assistants in the Meierhof south of it. In 1687 the stud farm was enlarged at the expense of using it for other domestic animals when horse breeding was moved here from Rif. In 1809 the house on Nonntaler Hauptstraße was partially destroyed by a lightning strike, it was then restored as a private residence (Mödlhamerhaus, Schißlinghaus). The stud master house was demolished after 1920. On the south side of the area there is a vault supported by mighty marble columns, the listed horse stable, which was probably built under Archbishop Johann Jakob von Kuen-Belasy . The coat of arms of the aforementioned Prince Archbishop (1579) is attached to the east side. During the time of the monarchy a cavalry barracks was set up here.
  • The urban retirement home in Nonntal (Karl-Höller-Str. 4) with its associated chapel (altarpiece by Josef Gold ) was built in the late historic style in 1896–1898 according to plans by Franz Drobny and inaugurated in 1898 by Archbishop Haller . With this, the benefactors of the brother house St. Sebastian, the St. Erhard Hospital in the inner Nonntal, the citizens' hospital and the residents of the common poor sack fund (formerly Kronhaus in Getreidegasse 14) had found a new home.
  • The urban retirement home at Hellbrunnerstrasse (Hellbrunnerstrasse 28) was built as a barracks in 1898 and has been used continuously as a retirement home since the first few years after the Second World War. The modern extension was completed in 2006.

  • Freisaal Castle

  • Neudegg Castle

  • Nonntal retirement home

  • Hellbrunnerstrasse retirement home

Nonntal today

Neighboring districts of Nonntal are in the north the old town, in the east the Josefiau settlement area , in the south Morzg with its suburban part Kleingmain and in the west the Riedenburg .

Today Nonntal is best known as a school town. In addition to two kindergartens, the district houses an elementary school and the secondary school of the teacher training college. The New Nonntal Middle School and three high schools are located on Josef-Preis-Allee in Inner Nonntal. In the Outer Nonntal on Akademiestraße there are further high schools and the teacher training college . The building of the Faculty of Natural Sciences belonging to the University of Salzburg is a large building on the open open air meadows.

Other important structures and facilities in Nonntal are:

  • Nonntal primary school

  • ORF regional studio Salzburg

  • Petersbrunnhof, entrance to the theater

  • ARGE culture

literature

  • Heinz Dopsch, Robert Hoffmann: History of the City of Salzburg . Verlag Anton Pustet, Salzburg 1996, ISBN 3-7025-0340-4 .
  • Lorenz Hübner : Description of the Prince-Archbishop's capital and residence city of Salzburg and its areas, combined with its oldest history . First volume: topography. With 2 copper plates. In the publisher of the author ( printed by FX Oberer ), Salzburg 1792.
  • Reinhard Medicus: The soft image of the city of Salzburg and its border crossings. In: Bastei - magazine for the preservation and care of buildings, culture and society. 55th year, 4th episode, Salzburg 2006, pp. 8-14.

Web links

Commons : Nonntal (Salzburg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Benedikt Pillwein: History, geography and statistics of the Archduchy ob der Enns and the Duchy of Salzburg. Volume 5: The Archduchy of Salzburg or the Salzburg District. Verlag Joh. Chr. Quandt, Linz 1839, p. 341. (online on Google books , accessed on June 7, 2013)
  2. ↑ Robert Kriechbaumer: Controversial and defining. Cultural and scientific buildings in the city of Salzburg 1986–2011. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2012, ISBN 978-3-205-78860-7 , p. 215.
  3. ↑ Salzburgwiki
  4. ↑ salzburg-reiseinfo.com
  5. ↑ Akademiestraße: Spectacular demolition work on the prefabricated buildings . , on: salzburg24.at , March 3, 2012.
    Didi Neidhart: Everything new - The project »UNI-PARK Nonntal / Freisaal«. In: malpractice online. march 2000.
  6. ^ Ulrike Aichhorn: University City of Salzburg. From the Benedictine University to the Nonntal University Park . Müry Salzmann, Salzburg / Vienna 2011, ISBN 978-3-99014-039-0 , p. 100 .
  7. ↑ uni-salzburg.at
  8. ^ City of Salzburg: Sports center center.
  9. ^ Wilhelm A. Bauer, Otto Erich German: Mozart. Letters and Notes . Kassel et al. 1963, Volume V (Commentary on I / II), No. 135, line 158.
  10. ^ Wilhelm A. Bauer, Otto Erich German: Mozart. Letters and Notes . Kassel et al. 1963, Volume I, No. 135, lines 155-158.

Coordinates: 47 ° 48 '  N , 13 ° 3'  E