94th Guards Mot Rifle Division

Emblem of the 74th Gd-MSD as the successor to the 94th GMSD

Soviet officers on the Sapad-81 military exercise

The 94th Guards Mot Rifle Division ( Rus. 94-я гвардейская стрелковая дивизия - 94-ja Gwardeiskaja Strelkowaja Divisija / 94-я гв. Сд) was a major unit of the Soviet Army, which was stationed in the former GDR during the Cold War .

history

Second World War

The 94th Guards Rifle Division was set up in eastern Ukraine on April 28, 1943 and was baptized by fire as a reserve of the 69th Army at the Battle of Kursk . The division was then used in the association of the 5th and 4th Guards Army as part of the 35th Guards Rifle Corps (Lieutenant General SG Goryachev ) in the Belgorod-Kharkov operation and significantly involved in the liberation operations of the Red Army to recapture the Ukraine. Under the leadership of the Guard Colonel Grigory Nikolayevich Shostatsky, the division of the 49th Rifle Corps took part in the Korsun-Shevchenkovsk operation and was honored on February 13, 1944 with the honorary name "Zvenigorodsk Division". Then, in the Uman-Botosan operation, the southern Bug and the Dniester were crossed and the cities of Balta and Kotovsk were liberated (April 8, 1944). As part of the 26th Guards Rifle Corps, the division fought in the 53rd Army in Operation Jassy-Kishinev in Romania in August 1944 . In the final year of the war, the division was subordinate to the 5th Shock Army and distinguished itself in the Vistula-Oder operation , in which division commander GN Schostatzkji fell at the end of January 1945. The last combat missions in World War II took place in the association of the 26th Guards Rifle Corps (Major General PA Firsow ) in April 1945 during the expansion of the Oder bridgehead at Küstrin and in the house-to-house fighting at the Battle of Berlin .

Cold War

The 94th GMSD as part of the GSSD was stationed in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania / GDR . The Soviet military doctrine changed depending on the global threat from planning a war of aggression to concrete defense planning . In the event of war, the 94th Guards Mot Rifle Division (94th GMSD) would be detached from the 2nd Guards Armored Army Fürstenberg (1st Front, Wünsdorf High Command) and, together with the two independent Soviet armored regiments 138 and 221, would be subordinate to the 5th NVA Army in Neubrandenburg been. Their staging area was in the area east of Schwerin, south of Dassow to approximately Lützow . On the other side, the Panzer Grenadier Brigade 17 and the Homeland Security Brigade 51 in the Lübeck area stood opposite. According to Lautsch, the 94th GMSD was not available to conduct the attack.

In the mid- 1980s , the 94th GMSD was subordinate to the 2nd Guard Panzer Army . The successor to the 94th Guards Mot Rifle Division was the 74th Guards Mot Rifle Brigade of the 41st Army as part of the Central Military District in Jurga , Kemerovo Oblast , Russian Federation . The 94th Guards Rifle Division was relocated to Jurga, near Tomsk in the Siberian Military District , after the withdrawal of the GSSD troops in East Germany , where it was reorganized as the 74th Guards Mot Rifle Brigade. For this purpose, the new association was equipped with an engineer battalion and the 386th tank regiment. On December 30, 1994 , the 74th GMSB was about 3,000 men strong and had 45 main battle tanks and 115 BMP armored personnel carriers . This association fought among other things from February 1995 as part of the Sever group in house-to-house fighting in southern Grozny . From the 20th bis 23. March the 74th GMSB Argun and Mesker-Yurt attacked and took Gudermes, Petropavlovskaya and Il'inskaya. From 1994 to 1996 the 74th GMSB in Chechnya lost 120 dead.

On February 3, 2005 , the 74th Guards Mot Rifle Brigade under Major General Farid Balalijew was inspected by Defense Minister Sergei Borissowitsch Ivanov , who praised the high level of combat readiness and initiated further improvements. Parts of the brigade took part in the Syrian civil war.

structure

Structure of the 94th Guards Mot Rifle Division ( 1960 )

283rd Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Hagenow
286th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Schwerin
288th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Wismar
74th Guards Panzer Regiment, Schwerin
199th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, Wismar
896th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, Schwerin
12th Independent Guard Reconnaissance Battalion, Schwerin
107th Independent Guards Pioneer Battalion, Hagenow
159. Independent Guard Telecommunications Battalion, Schwerin
230. Independent NBC defense company, Schwerin
90th Independent Medical Battalion, Schwerin
750th Independent Transport Battalion, Schwerin

Structure of the 94th Guards Mot Rifle Division ( 1980 )

Headquarters company of the division, Buchholz barracks, Schwerin
204th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Moltke barracks, Schwerin
286th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Fritsch barracks, Schwerin
288th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Wismar
74th Guards Panzer Regiment, Schwerin
199th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, Wismar
896th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, Schwerin
28th Independent Tank Battalion, Hagenow, moved to Schwerin in 1987
1,562. Independent rocket battalion, Hagenow
496. Independent anti-tank artillery battalion, Schwerin
12th Independent Guard Reconnaissance Battalion, Schwerin
107th Independent Guards Pioneer Battalion, Hagenow
159. Independent Guard Telecommunications Battalion, Schwerin
365th Independent NBC Defense Battalion, Schwerin
52nd Independent Repair Battalion, Schwerin
90th Independent Medical Battalion, Schwerin
1,130. Independent supply battalion, Schwerin

Structure of the 94th Guards Mot Rifle Division ( 1988 )

204th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Schwerin
286th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Schwerin
288th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment, Wismar
74th Guards Panzer Regiment, Schwerin
199th Guards Artillery Regiment, Wismar
896th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, Schwerin
28th Independent Tank Battalion, Schwerin
496. Independent anti-tank artillery battalion, Schwerin
12th Independent Guard Reconnaissance Battalion, Schwerin
107th Independent Guards Pioneer Battalion, Schwerin
159. Independent Guard Telecommunications Battalion, Schwerin
365th Independent NBC Defense Battalion, Schwerin
52nd Independent Repair Battalion, Schwerin
90th Independent Medical Battalion, Schwerin
1,130. Independent supply battalion, Schwerin

Structure of the 94th Guards Mot Rifle Division ( 1989 to 1990 )

Headquarters company at the division headquarters in Schwerin
204th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment ( BMP - armored personnel carrier ), Schwerin

286th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment ( BTR armored personnel carrier), Schwerin

288th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment (BTR armored personnel carrier), Wismar

74th Guards Panzer Regiment, Schwerin

199th Guard Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment, Wismar

896th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment, Schwerin

28th Independent Tank Battalion, Schwerin

496. Independent anti-tank artillery battalion, Schwerin

12. Independent reconnaissance and ELOKA (EW) battalion, Schwerin

159. Independent Guard Telecommunications Battalion, Schwerin

107th Independent Guards Pioneer Battalion, Schwerin

unidentified independent NBC defense battalion

52nd Independent Repair Battalion

90th Independent Medical Battalion

1,130 Independent Supply Battalion

Structure of the 74th Guards Mot Rifle Brigade ( 1992 to present)

Headquarters company at the brigade headquarters in Jurga
867th Independent Mot Rifle Battalion
873rd Independent Mot Rifle Battalion
880th Independent Mot Rifle Battalion
13th Independent Tank Battalion
227th Independent Self-Propelled Tank Artillery Battalion
230. Independent self-propelled tank artillery battalion
237th Independent Anti-Tank Artillery Battalion
243rd Independent Anti-aircraft Missile Battalion

Reclassification

The 94th Guards Rifle Division ( 1943 to 1957 ) became the 94th Guards Mot Rifle Division ( 1957 to 1992 ) and from it the approx. 3,000 strong 74 Guards Mot Rifle Brigade ( 1992 to the present), which operates on the Syrian Participated in civil war.

equipment

In 1979 , the 94th GMSD had T-64 and T-62 main battle tanks , SA-8 anti-aircraft systems in a SAM regiment, 2S3 armored artillery regiment and Strela-1 anti-aircraft missile systems.

In the 1980s, the 94th GMSD consisted of 15,500 soldiers, four tactical missiles, 274 T-64 B battle tanks , 450 armored personnel carriers ( BMP / 60-PB) and 90 artillery systems. Then there were the two independent Soviet tank regiments 138 and 221. In December 1985 the division had 11,300 men, 258 T-64A, T-64B main battle tanks, 134 BMP-1 armored personnel carriers, 15 BMP-2 armored personnel carriers , 305 BTR -60 armored personnel carriers , 36 122mm 2S1 self-propelled howitzers, 54 122mm D-30 howitzer and 36 152mm 2S3 self-propelled guns.

Broken down to the individual associations was equipped as follows:

204th Guards Mot Rifle Regiment: 40 T-64, 45 BMP-2, 79 BMP-1, two BRM-1K, 18 2S1 "Gwozdika", 18 2S12 Sani mortars, three BMP-1KSh, three PRP-3 / 4, three RKhM, one BREM-2, one R-145BM, two PU-12, one MT-55A and one MT-LBT
286th Garde Mot Rifle Regiment: 40 T-64, 138 BTR-60, one BMP-2, four BMP-1, two BRM-1K, 18 122mm D-30, 18 2s12 Sani, two PRP-3/4, four R-145BM, two PU-12, one MT-55A and one MT-LBT
288th Garde Mot Rifle Regiment: 40 T-64, 136 BTR-60, one BMP-2, four BMP-1, two BRM-1K, 18 122mm D-30, 18 2s12 Sani, three PRP-3/4, four R-145BM, two PU-12, one MT-55A and one MT-LBT
74th Guards Panzer Regiment: 108 T-64, three BMP-2, three BMP-1, two BRM-1K, 18 2s1 "Gwozdika", three BMP-1KSh, two PRP-3/4, three RKhM, two R- 145BM, two PU-12, three MT-55A and one MT-LBT
199th Air Defense Artillery Regiment: 54 2S3 Akazija, 18 BM-21 "Grad" rocket launchers, one BTR-60, five PRP-3/4, 3 1V18, 1 1V19 and 1 R-156BTR
896th anti-aircraft missile regiment: ZRK Osa (SA-8), five PU-12 command posts and one R-156BTR
28th Independent Tank Battalion: 40 T-64, one BMP-2, one BMP-1, two BMP-1KSh, one R-145BM, one R-156BTR, and one MT-55A
496. Independent anti-tank artillery battalion: one PRP-3 command staff vehicle and 11 MT-LBT
12th Independent Guard Reconnaissance Battalion: six T-64, 10 BMP-1, six BRM-1K, six BTR-70, two R-145BM and one R-156BTR
159. Independent Guards Telecommunications Battalion: 11 R-145BM and one R-2AM
107th Independent Guards Engineer Battalion: one IRM and one UR-67

Division members with the title Hero of the Soviet Union

Ivan Tikhonovich Avelichev
Dmitri Michailowitsch Berlin
Vasili Alexandrowitch Volkov
Nikolai Nikolayevich Werbin
Vladimir Ivanovich Gorbunov
Andrei Alexandrowitch Ignatiev
Sergei Ivanovich Kadetov
Viktor Alexandrovich Konev
Nikolai Illarionowich Kolbasov
Rostislav Nikolajewitsch Kuschljansky
Nikolai Petrovich Leonchikov
Mikhail Archipowitsch Michalkow
Viktor Ivanovich Pevunov
Caesar Seliwerstowitsch Raskowinski
Anatoly Semenovich Redin
Andrei Petrovich Rybkin
Emelyan Petrovich Sayapin
Arseni Aramowitsch Ter-Oganow
Grigory Nikolayevich Shostatsky

Commanders

Colonel Ivan Grigoryevich Russkich, April 28, 1943 to November 13, 1943
Colonel Gregori Nikolajewitsch Schostatzkji, November 14, 1943 to January 31, 1945
Major General Issak Gaslarowitsch Gasparjan, February 7 to May 9, 1945
Major General Vladimir Tsetlin, May 1945 to August 1947

Bibliography

Soviet troops in Germany 1945 to 1994, memorial album, Moscow edition, «Junge Garde» publishing house, 1994; ISBN 5-235-02221-1 .

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c ^d Siegfried Lautsch: For the planning of real attack and defense operations in the Warsaw Pact. Shown using the example of the operational planning of the 5th Army of the National People's Army of the GDR during the Cold War (1983 to 1986)
^ Siegfried Lautsch: Theater of War Germany. Experience and knowledge of an NVA officer. Center for Military History and Social Sciences of the Bundeswehr (ZMSBw), Potsdam, 2013, p. 135. ISBN 978-3-941571-28-0 .
↑ Self-propelled howitzers

[Lautsch-1] A ^b ^c ^d Siegfried Lautsch: For the planning of real attack and defense operations in the Warsaw Pact. Shown using the example of the operational planning of the 5th Army of the National People's Army of the GDR during the Cold War (1983 to 1986)

[2] Siegfried Lautsch: Theater of War Germany. Experience and knowledge of an NVA officer. Center for Military History and Social Sciences of the Bundeswehr (ZMSBw), Potsdam, 2013, p. 135. ISBN 978-3-941571-28-0 .

[3] Self-propelled howitzers